Netgear Router WGR614 User Manual

							Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614 
Troubleshooting7-5
 
OR
Configure your router to spoof your PC’s MAC address. This can be done in the Basic Settings 
menu. Refer to 
“How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection” on page 2-12.
If your router can obtain an IP address, but your PC is unable to load any web pages from the 
Internet:
• Your PC may not recognize any DNS server addresses. 
A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names (such as www addresses) 
to numeric IP
 addresses. Typically your ISP will provide the addresses of one or two DNS 
servers for your use. If you entered a DNS address during the router’s configuration, reboot 
your PC and verify the DNS address as described in 
“Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on 
page C-6. Alternatively, you may configure your PC manually with DNS addresses, as 
explained in your operating system documentation.
• Your PC may not have the router configured as its TCP/IP gateway.
If your PC obtains its information from the router by DHCP, reboot the PC and verify the 
gateway address as described in 
“Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page C-6.
Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility
Most TCP/IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet 
to the designated device. The device then responds with an echo reply. Troubleshooting a TCP/IP 
network is made very easy by using the ping utility in your PC or workstation.
Testing the LAN Path to Your Router
You can ping the router from your PC to verify that the LAN path to your router is set up correctly.
To ping the router from a PC running Windows 95 or later:
1.From the Windows toolbar, click on the Start button and select Run.
2.In the field provided, type Ping followed by the IP address of the router, as in this example:
ping 192.168.0.1
3.Click on OK.
You should see a message like this one:
Pinging  with 32 bytes of data 
						

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7-6Troubleshooting
 
If the path is working, you see this message:
Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx
If the path is not working, you see this message:
Request timed out
If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems:
• Wrong physical connections
— Make sure the LAN port LED is on. If the LED is off, follow the instructions in “LAN 
or WAN Port LEDs Not On” on page 7-2.
— Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and 
for the hub ports (if any) that are connected to your workstation and router.
• Wrong network configuration
— Verify that the Ethernet card driver software and TCP/IP software are both installed 
and configured on your PC or workstation.
— Verify that the IP address for your router and your workstation are correct and that the 
addresses are on the same subnet.
Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device
After verifying that the LAN path works correctly, test the path from your PC to a remote device. 
From the Windows run menu, type:
PING -n 10 
where  is the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP’s DNS server.
If the path is functioning correctly, replies as in the previous section are displayed. If you do not 
receive replies:
— Check that your PC has the IP address of your router listed as the default gateway. If the IP 
configuration of your PC is assigned by DHCP, this information will not be visible in your 
PC’s Network Control Panel. Verify that the IP address of the router is listed as the default 
gateway as described in 
“Verifying TCP/IP Properties” on page C-6.
— Check to see that the network address of your PC (the portion of the IP address specified 
by the netmask) is different from the network address of the remote device.
— Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning. 
						

							Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614 
Troubleshooting7-7
 
— If your ISP assigned a host name to your PC, enter that host name as the Account Name in 
the Basic Settings menu.
— Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your PCs. Many 
broadband ISPs restrict access by only allowing traffic from the MAC address of your 
broadband modem, but some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of a 
single PC connected to that modem. If this is the case, you must configure your router to 
“clone” or “spoof” the MAC address from the authorized PC. Refer to 
“How to Manually 
Configure Your Internet Connection” on page 2-12.
Restoring the Default Configuration and Password
This section explains how to restore the factory default configuration settings, changing the 
router’s administration password to password and the IP address to 192.168.0.1. You can erase the 
current configuration and restore factory defaults in two ways:
• Use the Erase function of the router (see “Erasing the Configuration” on page 5-8).
• Use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router. Use this method for cases when 
the administration password or IP address is not known.
To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the administration password 
or IP address, you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router.
1.Press and hold the Default Reset button until the Test LED turns on (about 10 seconds).
2.Release the Default Reset button and wait for the router to reboot.
Problems with Date and Time
The E-Mail menu in the Content Filtering section displays the current date and time of day. The 
WGR614 router uses the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain the current time from one of 
several Network Time Servers on the Internet. Each entry in the log is stamped with the date and 
time of day. Problems with the date and time function can include:
• Date shown is January 1, 2000. Cause: The router has not yet successfully reached a Network 
Time Server. Check that your Internet access settings are configured correctly. If you have just 
completed configuring the router, wait at least five minutes and check the date and time again.
• Time is off by one hour. Cause: The router does not automatically sense Daylight Savings 
Time. In the E-Mail menu, check or uncheck the box marked “Adjust for Daylight Savings 
Time”. 
						

							Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614 
7-8Troubleshooting
  
						

							Technical Specifications A-1
 
Appendix A
Technical Specifications
This appendix provides technical specifications for the Model WGR614 Cable/DSL Wireless 
Router.
Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility
Data and Routing Protocols:TCP/IP, RIP-1, RIP-2, DHCP 
PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
Power Adapter
North America:120V, 60 Hz, input
United Kingdom, Australia:240V, 50 Hz, input
Europe:230V, 50 Hz, input
Japan:100V, 50/60 Hz, input
All regions (output):12 V DC @ 800 mA output, 22W maximum
Physical Specifications
Dimensions:28 x 175 x 118 mm   (1.1 x 6.89 x 4.65 in.)
We i g h t :0.3 kg   (0.66 lb)
Environmental Specifications
Operating temperature:0° to 40° C    (32º to 104º F)
Operating humidity:90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing 
						

							Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614 
A-2 Technical Specifications
 
Electromagnetic Emissions
Meets requirements of:FCC Part 15 Class B
VCCI Class B
EN 55 022 (CISPR 22), Class B
Interface Specifications
LAN:10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx, RJ-45
WA N :10BASE-T, RJ-45
Wireless
Radio Data Rates1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54 Mbps  
Auto Rate Sensing
Frequency2.4-2.5Ghz
Data Encoding:Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
Maximum Computers Per 
Wireless Network:Limited by the amount of wireless network traffic generated 
by each node. Typically 30-70 nodes.
Operating Frequency Ranges: 2.412~2.462 GHz (US)  2.457~2.462 GHz (Spain)
2.412~2.484 GHz (Japan) 2.457~2.472 GHz (France)
2.412~2.472 GHz (Europe ETSI)
Encryption: 40-bits (also called 64-bits), 128-bits WEP data encryption 
						

							Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics B-1
 
Appendix B
Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics
This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and networking.
Related Publications
As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further 
information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering 
Task Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet. 
The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet. The 
documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www.ietf.org and are mirrored and indexed at 
many other sites worldwide.
Basic Router Concepts
Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area 
network (
LAN). However, providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can 
be very expensive. Because of this expense, Internet access is usually provided by a slower-speed 
wide-area network (
WA N) link such as a cable or DSL modem. In order to make the best use of the 
slower WAN link, a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic 
meant for the Internet. The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router. 
						

							Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614 
B-2 Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics
 
What is a Router?
A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in 
the data and on routing tables maintained by the router. In these routing tables, a router builds up a 
logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers 
in the network. Using this information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network 
traffic.
Routers vary in performance and scale, number of routing protocols supported, and types of 
physical WAN connection they support. The Model WGR614 Cable/DSL Wireless Router is a 
small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single-user broadband connection.
Routing Information Protocol
One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing 
Information Protocol (
RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one another and check for 
changes to add to the routing table.
The WGR614 router supports both the older RIP-1 and the newer RIP-2 protocols. Among other 
improvements, RIP-2 supports subnet and multicast protocols. RIP is not required for most home 
applications. 
IP Addresses and the Internet
Because TCP/IP networks are interconnected across the world, every machine on the Internet must 
have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination. Blocks of 
addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). 
Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the IANA or from 
an Internet service provider (ISP). You can contact IANA at www.iana.org.
The Internet Protocol (IP) uses a 32-bit address structure. The address is usually written in dot 
notation (also called dotted-decimal notation), in which each group of eight bits is written in 
decimal form, separated by decimal points.
For example, the following binary address: 
11000011  00100010  00001100  00000111 
is normally written as: 
195.34.12.7 
						

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Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics B-3
 
The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer.
In addition, the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts. The first part of the address 
identifies the network, and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network. The 
dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application.
There are five standard classes of IP addresses. These address classes have different ways of 
determining the network and host sections of the address, allowing for different numbers of hosts 
on a network. Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern, which is used by the TCP/IP 
software to identify the address class. After the address class has been determined, the software 
can correctly identify the host section of the address. The follow figure shows the three main 
address classes, including network and host sections of the address for each address type.
Figure 7-1:  Three Main Address Classes
The five address classes are:
• Class A 
Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an eight-bit 
network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range: 
1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x. 
• Class B 
Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network. A Class B address uses a 16-bit 
network number and a 16-bit node number. Class B addresses are in this range: 
128.1.x.x to 191.254.x.x. 
7261
Class A
Network Node
Class B
Class CNetwork Node
Network Node 
						

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B-4 Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics
 
• Class C 
Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network. Class C addresses use 24 bits for the 
network address and eight bits for the node. They are in this range:
192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x. 
• Class D 
Class D addresses are used for multicasts (messages sent to many hosts). Class D addresses are 
in this range:
224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. 
• Class E 
Class E addresses are for experimental use. 
This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each 
node on each physical network.
For each unique value of the network portion of the address, the base address of the range (host 
address of all zeros) is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host. Also, 
the top address of the range (host address of all ones) is not assigned, but is used as the broadcast 
address for simultaneously sending a packet to all hosts with the same network address.
Netmask
In each of the address classes previously described, the size of the two parts (network address and 
host address) is implied by the class. This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask 
associated with the IP address. A netmask is a 32-bit quantity that, when logically combined (using 
an AND operator) with an IP address, yields the network address. For instance, the netmasks for 
Class A, B, and C addresses are 255.0.0.0, 255.255.0.0, and 255.255.255.0, respectively.
For example, the address 192.168.170.237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the 
upper 24 bits. When combined (using an AND operator) with the Class C netmask, as shown here, 
only the network portion of the address remains:
11000000  10101000  10101010  11101101 (192.168.170.237)
combined with:
11111111  11111111  11111111  00000000 (255.255.255.0)
Equals:
11000000  10101000  10101010  00000000 (192.168.170.0)