Netgear Ac1450 802 11ac Dual Band Gigabit Smart Wifi Router User Manual

							ReadySHARE Printer61
 AC1450 Smart WiFi Router
Once the printer shows Available status, it is no longer grayed out in a Paused state in the 
Windows Printers and Faxes window.
Figure 9. Printers and Faxes window
This USB printer is ready. The utility does not need to hold the connection of this USB printer. 
Once there is any print job for this printer, the USB utility connects to this USB printer 
automatically and prints. After the print job is done, the printer status returns to the Paused 
state.
Scan with a Multifunction Printer
You can use the scan feature of a multi-function printer. 
1. Make sure that the printer status shows as 
 Available.
2. Click the  Network Scanner  button. 
This activates the scanner window to perform scans. 
						

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7
7.   Security
Customizing the firewall settings
This chapter explains how to use the basic firewall features of the router to prevent objectionable 
content from reaching the computers and devices on your network. 
This chapter includes the following sections:
•Keyword Blocking of HTTP Traffic 
•Block Services (Port Filtering) 
•Port Triggering to Open Incoming Ports 
•Port Forwarding to Permit External Host Communications 
•How Port Forwarding Differs from Port Triggering 
•Set Up Port Forwarding to Local Servers 
•Set Up Port Triggering 
•Schedule Blocking 
•Security Event Email Notifications 
For information about Live Parental Controls, see Parental Controls on page 22. 
						

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Keyword Blocking of HTTP Traffic
Use keyword blocking to prevent certain types of HTTP traffic from accessing your network. 
The blocking can be always or according to a schedule.
To set up keyword blocking:
1. Select  Advanced > Security >  Block Sites.
2.Select one of the keyword blocking options:
• Per Schedule. 
 Turn on keyword blocking according to the Schedule screen settings.
• Always . 
 Turn on keyword blocking all the time, independent of the Schedule screen\
.
3. In the Keyword field, enter a keyword or domain, click  Add Keyword, and click Apply.
The Keyword list supports up to 32 entries. Here are some sample entries\
:
• Specify XXX to block http://www
 .badstuff.com/xxx.html.
• Specify .com if you want to allow only sites with domain suf
 fixes such as .edu or .gov.
• Enter a period ( .) to block all Internet browsing access.
To delete a keyword or domain:
1. Select the keyword you want to delete from the list.
2. Click  Delete Keyword.
3. Click  Apply . 
Your changes are saved.
To specify a trusted computer:
You can exempt one trusted computer from blocking and logging. The computer you exempt  has to have a fixed IP address.
1. In the 
Trusted IP Address field, enter the IP address.
2.Click  Apply .
Your changes are saved. 
						

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Block Services (Port Filtering)
Services are functions that server computers perform at the request of c\
lient computers. For 
example, web servers serve web pages, time servers serve time and date i\
nformation, and 
game hosts serve data about other players’ moves. When a computer on \
the Internet sends a 
request for service to a server computer, the requested service is identified by a service or 
port number. This number appears as the destination port number in the transmitted IP\
 
packets. For example, a packet that is sent with the destination port nu\
mber 80 is an HTTP 
(web server) request. 
The service numbers for many common protocols are defined by the Interne\
t Engineering 
T
 ask Force (IETF at http://www.ietf.org/) and published in RFC1700, “Assigned Numbers.” 
Service numbers for other applications are typically chosen from the ran\
ge 1024 to 65535 by 
the authors of the application. Although the router already holds a list of many service port 
numbers, you are not limited to these choices. You can often determine port number 
information by contacting the publisher of the application, by asking us\
er groups or 
newsgroups, or by searching.
The Block Services screen lets you add and block specific Internet servi\
ces by computers on 
your network. 
 This is called service blocking or port filtering. To add a service for blocking, 
first determine which port number or range of numbers the application us\
es. 
To block services:
1. Select 
Advanced > Security > Block Services .
2.Select either Per Schedule or  Always.
3. If you selected Per Schedule, specify a time period in the Schedule scre\
en.
4. Click  Add to add a service.  
						

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The Block Services Setup screen displays:
5.
From the Service Type list, select the application or service to allow or block. 
The list displays several common services, but you are not limited to th\
ese choices. To  add any additional services or applications that do not already appear
 , select User 
Defined.
6. If you know that the application uses either 
 TCP or UDP, select the appropriate protocol. If 
you are not sure, select  Both.
7. Enter the starting and ending port numbers. 
If the application uses a single port number, enter that number in both fields.
8. Select the radio button for the IP address configuration you want to blo\
ck, and enter the IP 
addresses. 
You can block the specified service for a single computer, a range of computers with  consecutive IP addresses, or all computers on your network.
9. Click  Add.
Port Triggering to Open Incoming Ports
Some application servers (such as FTP and IRC servers) send replies to\
 multiple port 
numbers. Using the port triggering function of your router, you can tell the router to open 
more incoming ports when a particular outgoing port originates a session\
.
An example is Internet Relay Chat (IRC). Your computer connects to an IRC server at  destination port 6667. 
 The IRC server not only responds to your originating source port, but 
also sends an “identify” message to your computer on port 113. Using port triggering, you can 
tell the router, “When you initiate a session with destination port 6667, you have t\
o also allow 
incoming traffic on port 113 to reach the originating computer.” Using steps similar to the 
preceding example, the following sequence shows the effects of the port triggering rule you 
have defined:
1. Y
ou open an IRC client program to start a chat session on your computer.  
						

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66 AC1450 Smart WiFi Router 
2.Your IRC client composes a request message to an IRC server using a destination port 
number of 6667, the standard port number for an IRC server process. Your computer then 
sends this request message to your router.
3.Your router creates an entry in its internal session table describing this communication 
session between your computer and the IRC server. Your router stores the original 
information, performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source address and port, 
and sends this request message through the Internet to the IRC server. 
4.Noting your port triggering rule and having observed the destination port number of 6667, 
your router creates an additional session entry to send any incoming port 113 traffic to your 
computer.
5.The IRC server sends a return message to your router using the NAT-assigned source port 
(for example, port 33333) as the destination port. The IRC server also sends an “identify” 
message to your router with destination port 113.
6.Upon receiving the incoming message to destination port 33333, your router checks its 
session table to determine whether there is an active session for port number 33333. 
Finding an active session, the router restores the original address information replaced by 
NAT and sends this reply message to your computer.
7.Upon receiving the incoming message to destination port 113, your router checks its session 
table and learns that there is an active session for port 113 associated with your computer. 
The router replaces the message’s destination IP address with your computer’s IP address 
and forwards the message to your computer.
8.When you finish your chat session, your router eventually senses a period of inactivity in the 
communications. The router then removes the session information from its session table, 
and incoming traffic is no longer accepted on port numbers 33333 or 113.
To configure port triggering, you need to know which inbound ports the application needs. 
Also, you need to know the number of the outbound port that will trigger the opening of the 
inbound ports. You can usually determine this information by contacting the publisher of the 
application or the relevant user groups or news groups.
Only one computer at a time can use the triggered application.
Port Forwarding to Permit External Host 
Communications
In both of the preceding examples, your computer initiates an application session with a 
server computer on the Internet. However, you might need to allow a client computer on the 
Internet to initiate a connection to a server computer on your network. Normally, your router 
ignores any inbound traffic that is not a response to your own outbound traffic. You can 
configure exceptions to this default rule by using the port forwarding feature. 
A typical application of port forwarding can be shown by reversing the client-server 
relationship from the previous web server example. In this case, a remote computer’s 
browser needs to access a web server running on a computer in your local network. Using 
port forwarding, you can tell the router, “When you receive incoming traffic on port 80 (the 
standard port number for a web server process), forward it to the local computer at  
						

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67  AC1450 Smart WiFi Router
192.168.1.123.” The following sequence shows the effects of the port forwarding rule you 
have defined:
1.The user of a remote computer opens a browser and requests a web page from 
www.example.com, which resolves to the public IP address of your router. The remote 
computer composes a web page request message with the following destination 
information: 
Destination address. The IP address of www.example.com, which is the address of your 
router.
Destination port number. 80, which is the standard port number for a web server 
process.
The remote computer then sends this request message through the Internet to your 
router.
2.Your router receives the request message and looks in its rules table for any rules covering 
the disposition of incoming port 80 traffic. Your port forwarding rule specifies that incoming 
port 80 traffic should be forwarded to local IP address 192.168.1.123. Therefore, your router 
modifies the destination information in the request message:
The destination address is replaced with 192.168.1.123.
Your router then sends this request message to your local network.
3.Your web server at 192.168.1.123 receives the request and composes a return message 
with the requested web page data. Your web server then sends this reply message to your 
router.
4.Your router performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source IP address, and 
sends this request message through the Internet to the remote computer, which displays the 
web page from www.example.com.
To configure port forwarding, you need to know which inbound ports the application needs. 
You usually can determine this information by contacting the publisher of the application or 
the relevant user groups or news groups.
How Port Forwarding Differs from Port Triggering
The following points summarize the differences between port forwarding and port triggering:
•Any computer on your network can use port triggering, although only one computer can 
use it at a time.
•Port forwarding is configured for a single computer on your network.
•With port triggering, the router does not need to know the computer’s IP address in 
advance. The IP address is captured automatically.
•Port forwarding requires that you specify the computer’s IP address during configuration, 
and the IP address can never change.
•Port triggering requires specific outbound traffic to open the inbound ports, and the 
triggered ports are closed after a period of no activity.
•Port forwarding is always active and does not need to be triggered. 
						

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AC1450 Smart WiFi Router 
Set Up Port Forwarding to Local Servers
The port forwarding feature lets you allow certain types of incoming tra\
ffic to reach servers on 
your local network. For example, you might want to make a local web serv\
er, FTP server, or 
game server visible and available to the Internet.
Use the Port Forwarding/Port Triggering screen to configure the router to forward specific 
incoming protocols to computers on your local network. In addition to se\
rvers for specific 
applications, you can also specify a default DMZ server to which all oth\
er incoming protocols 
are forwarded.
Before you start, determine which type of service, application, or game \
you want to provide, 
and the local IP address of the computer that will provide the service. \
 The server computer 
has to always have the same IP address.
To ensure that your server computer always has the same IP address, use t\
he reserved IP  address feature of your product. See Set up Address Reservation  on page  38.
To forward specific incoming protocols:
1.Select  Advanced > 
 Advanced Setup > Port Forwarding/Port Triggering .
2.Leave the  Port Forwarding radio button selected as the service type.
3. Click the  Add button.
4. In the Service Name list, select the service name.
If the service does not appear in the list, see  Add a Custom Service on page
  68
5. Fill in the Server IP 
 Address field.
6. Click  Add.
The service appears in the list on the Port Forwarding screen.
Add a Custom Service
To define a service, game, or application that does not appear in the Ser\
vice Name list, first 
determine which port number or range of numbers the application uses. You can usually 
determine this information by contacting the publisher of the applicatio\
n or user groups or 
news groups. When you have the port number information, follow these ste\
ps. 
						

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 AC1450 Smart WiFi Router
To add a custom service:
1.
Select  Advanced > Advanced Setup > Port Forwarding/Port Triggering .
2. Select the Port Forwarding radio button as the service type.
3. Click the  Add Custom Service button.
4.In the Service Name field, enter a descriptive name. 
5. In the Service 
 Type field, select the protocol. If you are unsure, select  TCP/UDP.
6. In the External Starting Port field, enter the beginning port number
 . 
• If the application uses a single port, enter the same port number in the\
 Ending Port 
field.
• If the application uses a range of ports, enter the ending port number o\
f the range in 
the External Ending Port field.
7. Specify the internal ports by one of these methods:
• Leave the Use the same port range for Internal port  check box selected.
• Fill in the Internal Starting Port and Internal Ending Port fields.
8. Fill in the Internal IP address field, or select the radio button for an\
 attached device listed in 
the table.
9. Click  Apply . 
The service appears in the list in the Port Forwarding/Port Triggering screen.
Edit or Delete a Port Forwarding Entry
To edit or delete a port forwarding entry:
1. Select  Advanced > 
 Advanced Setup > Port Forwarding/Port Triggering .
2. Select the Port Forwarding radio button as the service type
3. In the table, select the radio button next to the service name.
4. Click  Edit Service or  Delete Service. 
						

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70 AC1450 Smart WiFi Router 
Application Example: Make a Local Web Server Public
If you host a web server on your local network, you can use port forwarding to allow web 
requests from anyone on the Internet to reach your web server. 
To make a local web server public:
1.Assign your web server either a fixed IP address or a dynamic IP address using DHCP 
address reservation. 
In this example, your router always gives your web server an IP address of 192.168.1.33. 
2.In the Port Forwarding/Port Triggering screen, configure the router to forward the HTTP 
service to the local address of your web server at 192.168.1.33. 
HTTP (port 80) is the standard protocol for web servers.
3.(Optional) Register a host name with a Dynamic DNS service, and configure your router to 
use the name. 
To access your web server from the Internet, a remote user has to know the IP address 
that your ISP assigned. However, if you use a Dynamic DNS service, the remote user can 
reach your server by a user-friendly Internet name, such as mynetgear.dyndns.org.
Set Up Port Triggering
Port triggering is a dynamic extension of port forwarding that is useful in these cases:
•More than one local computer needs port forwarding for the same application (but not 
simultaneously).
•An application needs to open incoming ports that are different from the outgoing port.
When port triggering is enabled, the router monitors outbound traffic looking for a specified 
outbound “trigger” port. When the router detects outbound traffic on that port, it remembers 
the IP address of the local computer that sent the data. The router then temporarily opens the 
specified incoming port or ports and forwards incoming traffic on the triggered ports to the 
triggering computer. 
Port forwarding creates a static mapping of a port number or range to a single local computer. 
Port triggering can dynamically open ports to any computer that needs them and can close 
the ports when they are no longer needed.
Note:If you use applications such as multiplayer gaming, peer-to-peer 
connections, real-time communications such as instant messaging, 
or remote assistance (a feature in Windows XP), you should also 
enable Universal Plug and Play (UPnP).
Universal Plug and Play on 
page 100.