Land Rover Defender 99my Owners Handbook Aus Rover

							Bonnet opening
68
WARNING
Ensure the wipers are switched off and have
returned to the parked position before
opening the bonnet.
Pull the bonnet release handle (located in the
right hand footwell).
Lift the safety catch lever (as illustration) and
raise the bonnet.
Unclip the stay from the bonnet locking
platform and fit the stay in the corresponding
slot in the underside of the bonnet.
Closing the bonnet
After closing the bonnet, check that the lock is
fully engaged by attempting to lift the front
edge of the bonnet. This should be free from
all movement. 
						

							Engine compartment
69
1.Cooling system reservoir.
2.Brake fluid reservoir.
3.Clutch fluid reservoir.
4.Washer reservoir.
5.Engine oil filler cap.
6.Engine oil dipstick.
7.Power steering reservoir.NOTE:It will be necessary to remove the
access flap before topping up the engine oil.
WARNING
Ensure that sparks and naked lights are kept
away from the engine compartment. 
						

							Engine compartment
70
ENGINE OIL LEVEL-CHECK & TOP-UP
Check the oil level at least every 400 km
(250 miles) when the engine is HOT and with
the vehicle resting on level ground.
Switch off the engine and let the vehicle stand
for five minutes to allow the oil to drain back
into the sump. Withdraw the dipstick and wipe
the blade clean and then fully reinsert the
dipstick and withdraw again to check the level,
which should NEVER be allowed to fall below
the lower mark on the dipstick. To top-up, lift
the release tab to remove the access flap (see
illustration), unscrew the oil filler cap and add
oil to maintain the level between the UPPER
and LOWER marks on the dipstick.
DO NOT OVERFILL!As a general guide, if the level on the dipstick:
·is nearer to the upper mark than the lower,
add no oil.
·is nearer to the lower mark than the upper,
add half a litre of oil.
·is below the lower mark, add one litre of
oil and re-check the level after a further
five minutes.
NOTE:If it is necessary to check the oil level
when the engine is cold, DO NOT start the
engine. Follow the procedure detailed above,
but re-check the oil level as soon as the
engine has reached its normal operating
temperature.
Oil specifications
It is essential to use an oil suitable for the
climatic conditions in which the vehicle is to
be operated. Precise specifications are shown
in General data. If in doubt, contact your
Land Rover dealer. 
						

							Engine compartment
71 COOLING SYSTEM TOP-UP
WARNING
NEVER remove the filler cap or radiator filler
plug when the engine is hot - escaping
steam or scalding water could cause serious
injury.
The coolant level in the reservoir should be
checked at least weekly (more frequently in
high mileage or arduous operating
conditions). Always check the level WHEN
THE SYSTEM IS COLD.
Unscrew the filler cap slowly, allowing the
pressure to escape before removing
completely.
Never run the engine without coolant.Top-up with a 50% mixture of anti-freeze and
water so that the surface of the coolant is level
with the seam on the side of the tank. Ensure
the cap is tightened fully after top-up is
completed.
DO NOT overfill. This may result in damage to
the radiator.
If the level has fallen appreciably, suspect
leakage or overheating and arrange for your
dealer to examine your vehicle. 
						

							Engine compartment
72 Anti-freeze
Anti-freeze contains important corrosion
inhibitors. Ensure the 50% anti-freeze/water
solution is maintained and topped up all year
round (not just in cold conditions). Failure to
do so may cause corrosion of the radiator and
engine components.
The specific gravity of a 50% anti-freeze
solution at 20°C (68°F) is 1.075 and protects
against frost down to -36°C (-33°F).
Use ONLY ethylene glycol based anti-freeze
(containing no methanol) with Organic Acid
Technology (OAT) corrosion inhibitors.
In an emergency, and only if this type of
anti-freeze is unavailable, top-up the cooling
system with clean water, but be aware of the
resultant reduction in frost protection. DO
NOT top-up or refill with conventional
anti-freeze formulations. If in doubt, contact a
Land Rover dealer.
WARNING
Anti-freeze is poisonous and can be fatal if
swallowed. If accidental consumption of
anti-freeze is suspected, seek medical
attention immediately.
Prevent anti-freeze coming in contact with
the skin or eyes. If this occurs, rinse
immediately with plenty of water.
Anti-freeze will damage painted surfaces.
NEVER top-up with salt water. Even when
travelling in territories where the water
supply contains salt, always ensure you
carry a supply of fresh (rain or distilled)
water.
WINDSCREEN WASHER TOP-UP
The windscreen washer reservoir also
supplies the rear screen.
Check the reservoir level and top-up with a
mixture of water and an approved screen
washer solvent to approximately 25 mm (1 in)
below the bottom of the filler neck. In cold
weather, to prevent freezing, use a screen
washer solvent containing isopropanol.
Operate the washer switches to check that the
nozzles are clear and properly directed.
WARNING
DO NOT use an anti-freeze solution in the
washer reservoir. Anti-freeze will damage
painted surfaces. 
						

							Engine compartment
73
CLUTCH FLUID TOP-UP
Wipe the filler cap before removing, to prevent
dirt from entering the reservoir. Check the
fluid level and top up if necessary, maintaining
the level approximately 10 mm below the top
of the reservoir, using fluid meetingFMVSS
116 DOT 4specification. Ensure dirt does not
enter the reservoir while filling.
Use only new fluid from a sealed container
(old fluid from opened containers, or fluid
previously bled from the system must NOT be
used).
DO NOT OVERFILL!
If significant topping up is required, a leak is
indicated - consult your dealer immediately.
WARNING
Clutch fluid will damage painted surfaces;
soak up any spillage with an absorbant cloth
immediately and wash the area with a
mixture of car shampoo and water.
Take care not to spill fluid onto a hot engine
- a fire may result.
Clutch fluid is highly toxic - keep containers
sealed and out of the reach of children. If
consumption of fluid is suspected, seek
medical attention immediately.
If clutch fluid should come into contact with
the skin or eyes, rinse immediately with
plenty of water. 
						

							Engine compartment
74
WARNING
Contact your dealer immediately if brake
travel is unusually long or if there is any
appreciable drop in brake fluid.
BRAKE FLUID CHECK
The fluid level will fall slightly during use as a
result of brake pad wear, but should not be
allowed to fall below the MIN mark. Any
substantial drop in fluid indicates a leak in the
system, in which case the vehicle must NOT
be driven and you should contact your dealer.
With the vehicle on level ground, check the
fluid level at least every month (more
frequently in high mileage or arduous
operating conditions). Check the level visually
through the side of the transparent container
without removing the filler cap.Topping-up
Wipe the filler cap clean before removing to
prevent dirt from entering the reservoir, then
top up to the MAX mark usingFMVSS 116
DOT 4fluid.
Use only new fluid from an airtight container
(old fluid from opened containers, or fluid
previously bled from the system must NOT be
used).
DO NOT OVERFILL!
WARNING
DO NOT drive the vehicle with the fluid level
below the MIN mark.
Brake fluid will damage painted surfaces;
soak up any spillage with an absorbant cloth
immediately and wash the area with a
mixture of car shampoo and water.
Take care not to spill fluid onto a hot engine
- a fire may result.
Brake fluid is highly toxic - keep containers
out of the reach of children. If consumption
of fluid is suspected, seek medical attention
immediately.
If brake fluid should come into contact with
the skin or eyes, rinse immediately with
plenty of water. 
						

							Engine compartment
75
POWER STEERING TOP-UP
ONLY check the fluid level with the engine
switched off and the system cold and ensure
that the steering wheel is not turned after
stopping the engine.
Wipe the filler cap to prevent dirt from
entering the reservoir.
Remove the filler cap and, using a lint-free
cloth, wipe the dipstick clean. Refit the cap
fully and remove it again to check the fluid
level. If necessary, top up with a fluid meeting
Dexron II Dspecification until the level is
between the UPPER mark and the bottom of
the dipstick.
DO NOT fill above the UPPER mark on the
dipstick.Emergency operation
Any large or sudden drop in the fluid level
must be investigated by a qualified dealer.
If it can be established that fluid loss is slow,
then the reservoir may be topped up to the
upper level mark, to enable the vehicle to be
driven to the nearest dealer for examination.
If the fluid level has dropped below the lower
level mark, top-up the reservoir before starting
the engine, or damage to the steering pump
could result.
WARNING
Power steering fluid is highly toxic - keep
containers sealed and out of the reach of
children. If consumption of power steering
fluid is suspected, seek medical attention
immediately.
If power steering fluid should come into
contact with the skin or eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water.
Do not spill power steering onto a hot
engine - a fire may result.
Power steering fluid will damage painted
surfaces: Soak up any spillage with an
absorbent cloth immediately and wash the
area with a mixture of car shampoo and
water. 
						

							Tyres
76
WARNING
Never drive your vehicle if the tyres are
badly worn, cut or damaged, or if the
pressures are incorrect.
Incorrectly inflated tyres wear rapidly and
seriously affect the vehicles safety and road
handling characteristics.
Caring for your tyres
Always drive with consideration for the
condition of the tyres and frequently inspect
the tread and side walls for signs of distortion
or damage (in particular, look for lumps, cuts
and bulges).
Tyre pressures
Tyre pressures should be checked at least
once a week with normal road use, but should
be checked DAILY if the vehicle is used
off-road.
Check the pressures - including the spare -
when the tyres are cold (air pressure naturally
increases in warm tyres). The recommended
pressures are shown in General data.
WARNING
If the vehicle has been parked in strong
sunlight or is used in high ambient
temperatures, DO NOT reduce tyre
pressures; instead, move the vehicle into
shade and allow the tyres to cool before
checking.Tyre wear
Some tyres fitted as original equipment have
wear indicators moulded into the tread
pattern. When the tread has worn down to 1.6
mm (1/16 in) the indicators start appearing at
the surface of the tread pattern, producing the
effect of a continuous band of rubber across
the width of the tyre.
A tyre MUST be replaced as soon as an
indicator band becomes visible or the tread
depth reaches the minimum permitted by
legislation.
Tread depth must be checked regularly (at
every maintenance service, or more
frequently). Always replace a tyre before the
tread reaches a remaining depth of 1.6 mm
(1/16 in). DO NOT drive with tyres worn to
this limit, the safety of the vehicle and its
occupants will be adversely affected.
NOTE:After off-road use, check to make sure
there are no lumps or bulges in the tyres or
exposure of the ply or cord structure.
Valve caps
Keep the valve caps screwed down firmly to
prevent dirt from entering the valve.
Replacement tyres
Wheel rims and tyres are matched to suit the
handling characteristics of the vehicle. For
safety, ALWAYS check that replacement tyres
comply with the manufacturers original
specification and that the load rating shown
on the side wall is the same as that of the
original equipment for a particular territory.
Contact your Land Rover dealer for further
information or assistance. 
						

							Tyres
77
WARNING
ALWAYS use the same make and type of
radial-ply tyres front and rear. DO NOT use
cross-ply tyres, or interchange tyres from
front to rear.
·If the wheel is marked TUBED an inner
tube MUST be fitted, even with a
tubeless tyre.
·If the wheel is marked TUBELESS, an
inner tube must NOT be fitted.
NOTE:Tyre sizes and pressures are shown in
General data.
WARNING
Do not replace wheels with any type other
than genuine Land Rover parts.
Wheels and tyres are designed for both
off-road and on-road use and have a very
important influence upon the correct
operation of the suspension system and
vehicle handling.
Alternative wheels which do not meet
original equipment specifications should not
be fitted.Snow chains
Land Rover approved snow chains are
designed for on-road use in extreme snow
conditions only, and are not recommended for
off-road use. Always observe the following
recommendations:
·ONLY Land Rover approved chains may
be fitted to the front wheels, or fitted to all
four wheels. Non-approved chains can be
fitted to the rear wheels ONLY.
·Ensure the gearbox differential is locked.
·Always adhere to the snow chain fitting
and retensioning instructions and the
speed limit recommendations for varying
road conditions. Never exceed 50 km/h
(30 mph).
·Avoid tyre damage by removing snow
chains as soon as the road is free of snow.
NOTE:Snow chains are not available for
265/75 R16 tyres.
For more information or assistance, consult
your Land Rover dealer.
WARNING
DO NOT fit unapproved snow chains to the
front wheels - this could damage brake
components.