Land Rover Defender 99my Owners Handbook Aus Rover
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Off-road driving 138 DRIVING ON SLIPPERY SURFACES (ice, snow, mud, wet grass) ·With the DIFF LOCK engaged, select the highest gear possible. ·Drive away using the MINIMUM possible throttle opening. ·Drive slowly at all times, keeping braking to a minimum and avoiding violent movements of the steering wheel. ·Disengage the DIFF LOCK as soon as a non slippery surface is reached.DRIVING ON ROUGH TRACKS Although rough tracks can sometimes be negotiated in normal drive, it is advisable to lock the differential if excessive suspension movement is likely to induce wheel spin. On very rough tracks, engage LOW range to enable a steady, low speed to be maintained without constant use of the brake and clutch pedals. Always disengage the DIFF LOCK when smooth, firm ground is reached.
Off-road driving 139 CLIMBING STEEP SLOPES Engage the DIFF LOCK and ALWAYS follow the fall line of the slope - travelling diagonally could encourage the vehicle to slide broadside down the slope. Steep climbs will usually require the LOW gear range. If the surface is loose or slippery, use sufficient speed in the highest practical gear to take advantage of the vehicles momentum. However, too high a speed over a bumpy surface may result in a wheel lifting, causing vehicles not fitted with Traction control to lose traction. In this case try a slower approach. Traction can also be improved by easing off the accelerator just before loss of forward motion. If the vehicle is unable to complete a climb, do not attempt to turn it around while on the slope. Instead, adopt the following procedure to reverse downhill to the foot of the slope: 1.Hold the vehicle stationary using both foot and hand brakes. 2.Restart the engine if necessary. 3.Engage reverse gear LOW range. 4.Release the handbrake. Then release the foot brake and clutch simultaneously, and allow the vehicle to reverse down the slope using engine braking to control the rate of descent.5.Unless it is necessary to stop the vehicle in order to negotiate obstructions, DO NOT apply the brake or clutch pedal during the descent. 6.If the vehicle begins to slide, accelerate slightly to allow the tyres to regain grip. When the vehicle is back on level ground or where traction can be regained, a faster approach will probably enable the hill to be climbed. However, DO NOT take unnecessary risks, if the hill is too difficult to climb, find an alternative route. WARNING The engine must be restarted before reversing down the slope, as there will be no servo assistance to the brakes unless the engine is running.
Off-road driving 140 DESCENDING STEEP SLOPES A.Stop the vehicle at least a vehicle length before the slope and engage first gear LOW range with the differential locked. B.Unless it is necessary to stop the vehicle in order to negotiate obstructions,DO NOT touch the brake or clutch pedals during the descent - the engine will limit the speed, keeping the vehicle under control provided the front wheels are turning. If the vehicle begins to slide, accelerate gently to maintain directional stability - DO NOT use the brakes or attempt to change gear.C.Once level ground is reached, unlock the differential and select a suitable gear for the next stage of your journey. WARNING Failure to follow these instructions may cause the vehicle to roll over.
Off-road driving 141 TRAVERSING A SLOPE Before crossing a slope, ALWAYS observe the following precautions: ·Check that the ground is firm and not slippery. ·Check that the wheels on the downhill side of the vehicle are not likely to drop into any depressions in the ground and that the uphill wheels will not run over rocks, tree roots, or similar obstacles that could suddenly increase the angle of tilt. ·Ensure that passenger weight is evenly distributed, that all roof rack luggage is removed and that all other luggage is properly secured and stowed as low as possible. Always remember; any sudden movement of the load could cause the vehicle to overturn. ·Rear seat passengers should sit on the uphill side of the vehicle or, in extreme conditions, should vacate the vehicle until the sloping ground has been safely negotiated. NEGOTIATING A V SHAPED GULLY Observe extreme caution! Steering up either of the gully walls could cause the side of the vehicle to be trapped against the opposite gully wall.DRIVING IN EXISTING WHEEL TRACKS As far as possible allow the vehicle to steer itself along the bottom of the ruts. However, always keep a light hold of the steering wheel to prevent it from spinning free. Particularly in wet conditions, if the steering wheel is allowed to spin free, the vehicle may appear to be driving straight ahead in the ruts, but in actual fact (due to the lack of traction caused by the wet ground) is unknowingly on full right or left lock. Then, when level ground is reached, or if a dry patch is encountered, the wheels will find traction and cause the vehicle to suddenly veer to left or right. CROSSING A RIDGE Approach at right angles so that both front wheels and then both rear wheels cross the ridge together - an angled approach could cause traction to be lost (if Traction control is not fitted) through diagonally opposite wheels lifting from the ground at the same time. CROSSING A DITCH With the DIFF LOCK engaged, cross ditches at an angle so that three wheels always maintain contact with the ground (if approached head on, both front wheels will drop into the ditch together, possibly resulting in the chassis and front bumper being trapped on opposite sides of the ditch).
Off-road driving 142 WADING WARNING The maximum advisable wading depth is 0,5 metre (20 in.). Severe electrical damage may occur if the vehicle remains stationary for any length of time when the water level is above the door sills. If the water is likely to exceed 0,5 metre (20 in.) while the vehicle is moving, the following precautions MUST be observed: ·Fix a plastic sheet in front of the radiator grille to prevent water from soaking the engine and mud from blocking the radiator. ·Ensure that the silt bed beneath the water is firm enough to support the vehicles weight and provide sufficient traction. ·Ensure that the engine air intake is clear of the water. ·To prevent saturation of the electrical system and air intake, avoid excessive engine speed. ·With the DIFF LOCK engaged, select a low gear and maintain sufficient throttle to prevent the engine from stalling. This is particularly important if the exhaust pipe is under water. ·Drive slowly into the water and accelerate to a speed which causes a bow wave to form; then maintain that speed. At all times, keep all the doors fully closed.After wading ·Drive the vehicle a short distance and apply the footbrake to check that the brakes are fully effective. ·DO NOT rely on the handbrake to hold the vehicle stationary until the transmission has thoroughly dried out; in the meantime, leave the vehicle parked in gear. ·Remove any covering material from the front of the radiator grille. ·If the water was particularly muddy, remove any blockages (mud and leaves) from the radiator to reduce the risk of overheating. ·If deep water is regularly negotiated, check transmission oils for signs of water contamination - contaminated oil can be identified through its milky appearance. In addition, check the air filter element for water ingress, and replace if wet. ·Vehicles required to undergo frequent or deep wading conditions will require more frequent servicing. See Owner maintenance and contact a Land Rover dealer for advice. ·If salt water us frequently negotiated, thoroughly wash the underbody components and exposed body panels, with fresh water.
Index 143 A ABS 50........................................................... Accessories 129............................................. After sales service 130.................................... Air cleaner element renewal 110..................... Air filter 110.................................................... Air vents 28.................................................... Anti-freeze 72 & 120....................................... Anti-lock brakes 50......................................... Anti-theft precautions 4.................................. Ashtray 31...................................................... Axle oil renewal 113........................................ Axle weights 124............................................ B Battery 79....................................................... Battery charging 81........................................ Blower control 29........................................... Bonnet opening 68......................................... Booster cables 56........................................... Brake fluid check 74....................................... Brake fluid specification 120........................... Brake pad/disc check 114............................... Brake pads 48................................................. Brakes 48....................................................... Braking system 48.......................................... Breakdown safety 5........................................ Bulb replacement 91....................................... C Capacities 121................................................ Child restraints 16.......................................... Child-proof locks 10....................................... Chocking a wheel 82....................................... Cigar lighter 31............................................... Cleaning 96..................................................... Clutch 43........................................................ Clutch fluid specification 120.......................... Clutch fluid top-up 73..................................... Controls 9....................................................... Cooling system top-up 71.............................. Crossing a ditch 141....................................... Crossing a ridge 141...................................... D Defrosting 30.................................................. Demisting 30.................................................. Descending steep slopes 140......................... Differential lock 46.......................................... Dimensions 123............................................. Door locks 10................................................. Driving 38....................................................... Driving on rough tracks 138........................... Driving on slippery surfaces 138.................... Driving on soft surfaces & dry sand 137........ Dynamometers (rolling roads) 66................. E Electrical equipment 129................................ Electrical system 122...................................... Emergency starting 56.................................... Emergency towing 58..................................... Emission control system 38........................... Engine 121..................................................... Engine compartment 69................................. Engine data 121.............................................. Engine oil 70................................................... Engine oil (renewal) 105................................. Engine oil (used) 67........................................ Engine oil filter renewal 106............................ Engine oil top-up 70....................................... F Fan control 28................................................ Fluid specifications 119.................................. Fog lights 22................................................... Fuel 41............................................................ Fuel economy 39............................................ Fuel filling 41.................................................. Fuel filter renewal 108.................................... Fuel gauge 18................................................. Fuel safety 41................................................. Fuel tank capacity 121.................................... Fuses 88.........................................................
Index 144 G Gearbox 43..................................................... Gearbox oil change 111.................................. Ground clearance 123..................................... H Handbrake 49................................................. Handbrake check 115..................................... Hazard warning lights 25................................ Headlights 22................................................. Heated rear window 25................................... Heater 29........................................................ Height (of vehicle) 38..................................... High range gears 44....................................... Horn 22.......................................................... I Ignition 35...................................................... Indicators 22.................................................. Instruments 18............................................... Interior lights 31............................................. Interior trim 97............................................... J Jack (bottle type) 84..................................... Jack (pillar type) 86...................................... Jack (wheel changing) 85............................... Jacking 82...................................................... Jacking points 85........................................... Jump starting 56............................................ K Key numbers 10............................................. Keys 10........................................................... L Lights 22........................................................ Light switches 22........................................... Load carrying 53............................................ Locks 10......................................................... Low range gears 44........................................ Lubricant specifications 119........................... M Main gearbox oil renewal 111......................... Maintenance 3 & 65........................................ O Off-road driving 133....................................... Off-road performance 123.............................. Oil 67.............................................................. Oil change 105................................................ Oil filter renewal 106....................................... Owner maintenance 65................................... P Parts & accessories 129................................. Poisonous liquids 67...................................... Power steering 38.......................................... Power steering top-up 75............................... Power take-off drives 61................................. Propeller shaft lubrication 115........................ R Rear fog guard lights 25................................. Rear seats 13.................................................. Rear window heater 25................................... Rear window wash/wipe 24............................ Replacement bulbs 91 & 122.......................... Rolling roads (dynamometers) 66.................. Roof rack 55................................................... Running-in 39................................................. S Safety in the garage 67 & 103......................... Safety on the forecourt 41.............................. Seat belts 14................................................... Seat belt safety 14.......................................... Seats 12......................................................... Security 4....................................................... Service portfolio 3 & 65.................................. Service voucher 3........................................... Sidelights 22................................................... Snow chains 77.............................................. Spare wheel 83............................................... Speedometer 18............................................. Starter switch 35............................................ Starting 36...................................................... Starting with a discharged battery 56............. Steam cleaning 96.......................................... Steep slopes 139............................................
Index 145 Steering 122................................................... Steering lock 35.............................................. Sunroof 27..................................................... Switches 25.................................................... Switching off 37............................................. T Temperature gauge 18.................................... Total distance recorder 18.............................. Towing 53...................................................... Towing for recovery 58................................... Towing weights 54 & 124............................... Traction control 52......................................... Trailer socket 55............................................. Transfer gearbox 44....................................... Transfer gearbox oil renewal 112.................... Transmission 43............................................. Transmission wind-up 47............................. Transporter or trailer lashing 59..................... Travelling abroad 130..................................... Traversing a slope 141................................... Trip recorder 18.............................................. Trip recorder reset button 18.......................... Tyres 76......................................................... Tyre sizes and pressures 125......................... Tyre wear 76................................................... V Vehicle care 96............................................... Vehicle height 38............................................ Vehicle identification number 4....................... Vehicle recovery 58........................................ Vehicle weights 124........................................ Ventilation 27................................................. VIN 4.............................................................. W Warning labels 3............................................. Warning lights 19........................................... Warnings 3 & 19............................................. Warranty information 3................................... Washer 23...................................................... Washer jet adjustment 78............................... Washing your vehicle 96................................ Weights 124................................................... Wheel changing 82......................................... Wheel chocks 82............................................ Wheels 77....................................................... Wheels & tyres 125........................................ Winching 60................................................... Windows 26................................................... Windscreen washer 23................................... Windscreen washer top-up 72........................ Windscreen wipers 23.................................... Wiper blade replacement 78........................... Wipers 23....................................................... Workshop maintenance 101...........................