Land Rover Anti Lock Control Traction Control Rover Manual
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Multi-plate Clutch Assembly Pressure disc1 Clutch plate assembly2 Pressure disc3 Thrust race4 Output actuator5 Actuator balls6 Input actuator7 Bearing pre-load spacer8 Reduction gearset9 Actuator motor10 The multi-plate clutch assembly for both centre (transfer box) and electronic rear differentials act in a similar way. The aim of the multi-plate clutch assembly is to prevent excessive differential slip and therefore maximise the traction performance of the vehicle. This is fundamentally different from the braked traction control, which can only counter act differential slip when it occurs. A certain amount of differential slip is required to allow the vehicle to turn corners and to remain stable under control of the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS). The transfer box control module monitors the drivers demands through primary vehicle controls and automatically sets the slip torque at the rear differential via the electronic rear differential control module. The system is completely automatic and does not require any special driver input. The multi-plate clutch assembly actively controls the torque flow through the rear differential and optimises the torque distribution in the driveline. The clutch Rear Drive Axle and DifferentialLesson 2 – Chassis 97Technical Training (G421061)
assembly biases the torque from the differential to the wheels with the higher grip and prevents the wheels with the lower grip from spinning. By turning the input actuator disc, via the motor shaft, the output actuator is rotated. This movement acts on 5 balls in a ramp mechanism between the input and output actuators and gives a defined axial movement. The movement forces the pressure disc to induce friction between the sun gear and differential case via the clutch plates supported by the sun gear and the plates supported by the clutch basket on the differential case. This frictional force inhibits the differential rotation; the differential case and left hand differential side gear are locked together. Electronic Rear Differential Control Module The electronic rear differential control module controls the multi-plate clutch actuation. The control module is mounted on a bracket located on the LH C-pillar, behind the trim.Electronic rear differential control module1 The control module is connected on the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus and controls the differential operation using CAN messages from other control modules on the network. The control module uses three connectors for all inputs and outputs. It receives a permanent power supply via a 40A fusible link located in the Battery Junction Box (BJB), and an ignition supply via fuse 24 located in the Central Junction Box (CJB). The control module memorises the position of the electronic rear differential motor when the ignition is switched off. The control module controls the closed loop position sensing system within the motor and regulates the power supply to the motor. (G421061) Technical Training98 Lesson 2 – ChassisRear Drive Axle and Differential
If the control module is replaced, T4 must be connected to the vehicle and the electronic rear differential control module self-calibration procedure must be performed. This procedure must also be performed if the motor or differential assembly is replaced. If a fault occurs with the electronic rear differential, the control module or one of the required input signals, i.e. road speed signal, the control module records an error code and a warning lamp, in the instrument cluster, illuminates permanently. Electronic Rear Differential Control Module Pin Out Details Connector C2162 Input/outputDescriptionPin No. -Not used1 Input/outputCAN bus low2 Input/outputCAN bus high3 -Not used4 Input/outputCAN bus high5 Input/outputCAN bus low6 Connector C2163 Input/outputDescriptionPin No. -Not used1 -Not used2 -Ground3 InputIgnition feed4 -Not used5 -Ground6 InputBattery feed7 InputBattery feed8 Rear Drive Axle and DifferentialLesson 2 – Chassis 99Technical Training (G421061)
Connector C2164 Input/outputDescriptionPin No. Input+ve for actuator Hall sensor1 -Not used2 OutputActuator motor3 InputHall sensor - Signal A4 -Not used5 -Not used6 InputHall sensor - Signal B7 InputDifferential oil temperature sensor8 -Not used9 -Ground - Hall sensor10 OutputDifferential oil temperature sensor11 InputActuator motor12 OutputMotor temperature sensor13 -Not used14 -Not used15 InputMotor temperature sensor16 OutputMotor brake solenoid17 InputMotor brake solenoid18 CAN Bus Messages The CAN bus is a high speed broadcast network connected between various vehicle control modules. It allows the fast exchange of data between control modules every few microseconds. The bus comprises two wires, which are twisted together to minimise electromagnetic interference (noise) produced by the CAN messages. The electronic rear differential control module is connected on the CAN bus, via the transfer box control module, and controls differential operation using CAN messages from other control units on the network. Wheel speed, steering angle, automatic transmission speed, temperature information, car configuration, axle ratios and mode inputs, are some of the main signals received by the control module. The control module also sends messages via the CAN bus to tell other control modules on the network, the status of the electronic rear differential. The clutch torque and default mode status are some of the main signals sent out by the control module. (G421061) Technical Training100 Lesson 2 – ChassisRear Drive Axle and Differential
The following table shows the messages that can be displayed in the message centre of a high-line instrument cluster relating to the electronic rear differential: ChimeDescriptionMessage NoneRear differential temperature has reached or is approaching the over- heat threshold. TRANSMISSION OVERHEAT SLOW DOWN NoneTransfer box control module has stopped transmitting CAN bus messages. Defaults to open centre differential. Message also displayed when fault occurs with electronic rear differen- tial. TRANSMISSION FAULT TRACTION REDUCED SingleFault has occurred with electronic rear differential. Stop vehicle at earliest opportunity. TRANSMISSION FAULT STOP SAFELY On vehicles fitted with the low line instrument cluster, in place of the message centre there will be a status lamp, which has the following logic: •Amber - Over temperature •Red - Failure, stop vehicle TERRAIN RESPONSE™ The Terrain Response™ system allows the driver to select a program, which will provide the optimum settings for traction and performance for the prevailing terrain conditions. The system is controlled by a rotary control located on the centre console. The system uses a combination of vehicle subsystems to achieve the required vehicle characteristics for the terrain selected. The following subsystems form the Terrain Response™ system: •Engine management system •Automatic transmission (if fitted) •Transfer box •Brake system •Air suspension. Each subsystem control module provides a feedback for the selected program so that the Terrain Response™ control module can check that all systems are controlling the system correctly. The exception to this is the Rear Drive Axle and DifferentialLesson 2 – Chassis 101Technical Training (G421061)
electronic rear differential control module which does not provide feedback to the Terrain Response™ system as it is a slave to the transfer box control module. SERVICE The oil used in the electronic rear differential is Castrol SAF-Carbon Mod Plus. The oil contains unique additives and friction modifiers, which enhance the differentials operation. No other oil must be used in the electronic rear differential. Electronic Rear Differential Serviceable Components •Halfshaft seals •Needle roller bearing assembly •Chassis bush/fixings •Actuator motor •Temperature sensor •Control module and bracket •Lubricant. DIAGNOSTICS The electronic rear differential control module can store fault codes, which can be retrieved using T4 or a diagnostic tool using ISO-14229 protocol. The information is communicated via a diagnostic socket. The diagnostic socket allows the exchange of information between the various control modules on the bus systems and T4 or another suitable diagnostic tool. The information is communicated to the socket via the CAN bus. This allows the retrieval of diagnostic information and programming of certain functions using T4 or another suitable diagnostic tool. The electronic rear differential control module uses Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC), which relate to electronic rear differential electrical faults. (G421061) Technical Training102 Lesson 2 – ChassisRear Drive Axle and Differential
ELECTRONIC REAR DIFFERENTIAL CONTROL DIAGRAM NOTE: A = Hardwired Ignition switch1 Fusible link (battery)2 Actuator motor3 Oil temperature sensor4 Electronic rear differential control module5 Fuse (ignition)6 Rear Drive Axle and DifferentialLesson 2 – Chassis 103Technical Training (G421061)
Rear Suspension Component Location Bolt (Upper control arm forward bush)1 Bush - Forward (Upper control arm)2 Caged nut (Upper control arm forward bush)3 Bolt (Upper control arm rearward bush)4 Rear SuspensionLesson 2 – Chassis 23Technical Training (G421045)
Bush - Rearward (Upper control arm)5 Caged nut (Upper control arm rearward bush)6 Upper control arm7 Eccentric washer (Wheel knuckle upper ball joint) 8 Nut (Wheel knuckle upper ball joint)9 Bolt (Wheel knuckle upper ball joint)10 Special nut (Adjustable transverse toe link)11 Adjustable transverse toe link12 Washer (Adjustable transverse toe link)13 Damper module assembly (Air)14 Damper module assembly (Coil)15 Bolt (Adjustable transverse toe link)16 Ball joint (Wheel knuckle upper)17 Wheel knuckle and bearing assembly18 Wheel hub19 Stake nut20 Circlip21 Wheel bearing22 Ball joint (Wheel knuckle lower)23 Circlip (Wheel knuckle lower ball joint)24 Self-locking nut (Wheel knuckle lower ball joint)25 Self-locking nut (Damper assembly lower attachment) 26 Bolt (Wheel knuckle lower ball joint)27 Bolt (Damper assembly lower attachment)28 Lower control arm29 Bumpstop clip30 Self-locking nut (Lower control arm forward bush) 31 Bush - Forward (Lower control arm)32 Bolt (Lower control arm forward bush)33 Nut and retainer (Lower control arm rearward bush) 34 Self-locking nut (Anti-roll bar link to lower control arm) 35 Bolt (Lower control arm rearward bush)36 Bush - Rearward (Lower control arm)37 Anti-roll bar link38 Self-locking nut (Anti-roll bar link to anti-roll bar) 39 Anti-roll bar bush40 Bolt (Anti-roll bar bracket)41 Anti-roll bar42 Anti-roll bar bracket43 Bumpstop clip44 GENERAL The independent rear suspension offers a reduction in unsprung weight over the beam axle design fitted to previous Land Rover models. The rear suspension comprises an upper control arm, a lower control arm, a wheel knuckle and wheel hub, two spring damper modules and an anti-roll bar and links assembly. The damper modules use a similar design of damper which can be fitted with either a coil spring or an air spring. The rear suspension control arms have been designed to give maximum ground clearance and also allow for the adjustment of the camber using a cam bolt and adjustment of toe and bump steer via an adjustable transverse link. (G421045) Technical Training24 Lesson 2 – ChassisRear Suspension
DAMPER MODULE - AIR SUSPENSION Strap*1 Upper gaitor*2 Self-locking nut*3 Rebound washer*4 O-ring - Damper rod*5 Spacer - Damper rod*6 Air spring*7 Retaining pin - Air spring sleeve support*8 Bump washer*9 Spring aid*10 O-ring - Air sleeve support (2 off)*11 Damper rod12 Damper assembly13 Strap*14 Lower gaitor*15 Strap*16 Self-locking nut (3 off)17 Top mount assembly18 Bush19 Voss connector20 NOTE: * Shows service items The damper module comprises an air spring assembly, top mount and a damper assembly. The damper and air spring are only serviceable as complete assemblies. Rear SuspensionLesson 2 – Chassis 25Technical Training (G421045)