Digital Projection Projector HIGHlite 740 Series User Manual

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ASPECT RATIOS EXPLAINED
Aspect ratio examples for DMD™ resolution WUXGA (continued)
Source: 16:9
1Unused screen areas
2Cropped parts of the image
Notes
Aspect Ratio: Source
Aspect Ratio: Fill Display
Aspect Ratio: Fill & Crop
2
1
1
2
   
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ASPECT RATIOS EXPLAINED
Aspect ratio examples for DMD™ resolution WUXGA (continued)
Source: 16:10 (native resolution)
Notes
Aspect Ratio: Source / Fill Display / Fill & Crop
   
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ASPECT RATIOS EXPLAINED
Aspect ratio example: TheaterScope
The TheaterScope setting is used in combination with an anamorphic lens to restore 2.35:\
1 images packed into a 16:9 frame. Such images 
are projected with black lines at the top and bottom of the 16:9 screen \
to make up for the difference in aspect ratios.
Without an anamorphic lens and without the TheaterScope setting applied, a 16:9 source containing a 2.35:1 image lo\
oks like this:
If we change the setting to TheaterScope, the black lines will disappear but the image will stretch vertically t\
o reach the top and bottom of 
the DMD™:
An anamorphic lens will stretch the image horizontally, restoring the original 2.35 ratio:
Notes
Black margin – part of the source
Black margin – part of the source
   
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FRAME RATES AND PULLDOWNS EXPLAINED
Frame Rates And Pulldowns Explained
Interlaced and progressive scan
A progressive scan is a method of updating the image by drawing all the lines of each fram\
e in a sequence. In contrast, interlaced 
video alternately scans odd and even lines. In old analog TV interlacing was commonly used as a way of doubling the refresh rate w\
ithout 
consuming extra bandwidth.
The following artifacts are common with interlaced video:
• edge tear (combing)
The image lands between two fields and blurs. This is commonly observed when viewing rapid lateral movement.
• aliasing (stair-stepping)
The texture of the image becomes populated with unrealistic patterns. Aliasing occurs because of differences between the original frame 
rate and the destination format.
• twitter
The image shimmers, for example when showing rolling credits. This happens when the image contains thin horizontal lines that only 
appear in one field.
Frame rates of  image sources
Original analog films are made at 24 fps and the whole frame is projected at once. To eliminate flicker and create an impression of 
continuous movement, the projector blades divide the images so that the \
viewer sees 48 frames per second.
Interlaced video scans odd lines, then even. Two fields are blended into one image. NTSC video (60i) is 29.97 fps, or 59.94 fields per 
second.
24p video is progressive but without the benefit of projector blades dividing the images, so it looks jumpier on playback than film. 24p is the 
optimal format for projects that are finished on film.
30p is optimal for projects finished on video. It has fewer strobing issues than 24p in video playback.
Notes
   
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FRAME RATES AND PULLDOWNS EXPLAINED
Pulldowns - conversion into destination formats
Pulldowns are a method of converting a 24p source into a different destination format by adding extra frames to the source.
2:3 (nor mal) pulldown
This method is used to convert a 24p source (film) into a 60i destination (NTSC video) by adding two extra fields for every four frames, 
effectively increasing the frame rate to 30 fps. The frame is split into fields and then two fields are repeated for every four original frames as 
shown in the illustration below.
Notes
Original film, 
24 fps Field 1 (odd)
Field 2 (even)Resulting video, 
30 fps
   
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FRAME RATES AND PULLDOWNS EXPLAINED
2:3:3:2 (advanced) pulldown
This method is very similar to the normal pulldown. Unlike the normal pu\
lldown method, the resulting 30 fps video sequence contains only one 
frame containing fields from two different source frames.
The advantage of this method is that it is easier to reverse, if necessa\
ry.
Original film, 
24 fps Field 1 (odd)
Field 2 (even)Resulting video, 
30 fps
Notes
 The projector will use advanced 
pulldown on suitable video material, 
wherever possible.
   
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APPENDIX A: LENS PART NUMBERS
Appendix A: Lens Part Numbers
Throw ratiosLens extension (±2%)Throw distance rangePart number
0.77 : 1 fixed lens80 mm (3.2 in)1.3 - 2.5 m (4.3 - 8.2 ft)110-808
1.16 : 1 fixed lens54 mm (2.1 in)1.4 - 6.2 m (4.6 - 20.3 ft)110-809
1.45 - 1.74 : 1 zoom lens24 mm (1.0 in)1.8 - 9.3 m (5.9 - 30.5 ft)110-803
1.74 - 2.17 : 1 zoom lens02.2 - 11.8 m (7.2 - 38.7 ft)110-804
2.17 - 2.90 : 1 zoom lens02.7 - 15.4 m (8.9 - 50.5 ft)110-805
2.90 - 4.34 : 1 zoom lens03.6 - 22.5 m (11.8 - 73.8 ft)110-806
4.34 - 6.76 : 1 zoom lens05.5 - 35 m (18 - 115 ft)110-807
Notes
 The Throw ratio for a particular lens 
is fixed, but assumes that the image 
fills the width of the DMD™.
  For images that do not fill the width 
of the DMD™, the throw ratio is 
effectively increased. To correct for 
this in these calculations, a throw 
ratio correction (TRC) is used.
 Throw distance calculations are 
based on the distance from the outer 
end of the lens, which will vary from 
lens to lens.
 Lens extension is measured when 
the lens is focused at infinity, and 
fully extended. At other focus 
settings, the extension could be up 
to 10 mm less.
   
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APPENDIX B: LENS CHARTS
Appendix B: Lens Char ts
How to use the lens charts
The lens charts on the following pages provide a quick 
guide to the type of lens needed for a particular projector.
To use the lens charts, you need the following information:
• The DMD™ resolution of your projector
• The distance between the projector and the screen 
(throw distance)
• The maximum width of your screen
In the chart for the required DMD™ resolution, find the 
point where the throw distance corresponds to the screen 
width, as shown in the example below.
Example
For a 1080p projector with
• throw distance 14 m, and
• screen width 3.5 m,
the correct lens would be number 6 in the chart.
Notes
 For information about individual 
lens part numbers, see  Appendix A 
earlier in this document.
12
1Screen width
2Throw distance
1234567
1 m (3.3 ft) 2 m (6.6 ft) 3 m (9.8 ft)
4 m (13.1 ft) 5 m (16.4 ft) 6 m (19.7 ft)
5 m 
(16 ft) 10 m 
(33 ft) 15 m 
(49 ft) 20 m 
(66 ft) 25 m 
(82 ft) 30 m 
(98 ft) 35 m 
(115 ft) 40 m 
(131 ft)
Screen width
Throw distance
   
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APPENDIX B: LENS CHARTS
 How to find the right lens chart
Charts are shown in order of DMD resolution, as follows:
• 1080p
• WUXGA
For each resolution, the available lenses are shown in different charts depending on applicable throw ratio corrections (TRC).
For each resolution, lens charts are arranged in ascending TRC order, starting from full width images, where TRC=1.
All full width images are grouped together. 1080p and WUXGA are shown in the same chart.
1080p (1920 x 1080 pixels)
Full width images
Formats that fit the width of the DMD™ without applying a throw ratio correction (TRC) include:
• 2.35:1 (Scope) 1920 x 817 pixels       TRC = 1
• 1.85:1 (Flat)   1920 x 1037 pixels     TRC = 1
• 1.78:1 (16:9)   1920 x 1080 pixels (native resolution) TRC = 1
Full height images
A throw ratio correction (TRC) has been applied to the following charts\
:
• 1.25:1 (5:4)   1350 x 1080 pixels  TRC = 1.42
• 1.33:1 (4:3)   1440 x 1080 pixels TRC = 1.33
• 1.6:1 (16:10)   1728 x 1080 pixels TRC = 1.11
• 1.66:1 (Vista) 1792 x 1080 pixels TRC = 1.07
Notes
 For information about individual 
lens part numbers, see  Appendix A 
earlier in this document.
   
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APPENDIX B: LENS CHARTS
WUXGA (1920 x 1200 pixels)
Full width images 
Formats that fit the width of the DMD™ without applying a throw ratio correction (TRC) include:
• 2.35:1 (Scope) 1920 x 817 pixels       TRC = 1
• 1.85:1 (Flat)   1920 x 1037 pixels     TRC = 1
• 1.78:1 (16:9)   1920 x 1080 pixels     TRC = 1
• 1.66:1 (Vista) 1920 x 1156 pixels     TRC = 1
• 1.6:1 (16:10)   1920 x 1200 pixels (native resolution) TRC = 1
Full height images
A throw ratio correction (TRC) has been applied to the following charts\
:
• 1.25:1 (5:4)   1500 x 1200 pixels  TRC = 1.28
• 1.33:1 (4:3)   1600 x 1200 pixels TRC = 1.2
Notes
 For information about individual 
lens part numbers, see  Appendix A 
earlier in this document.
   
Digital Projection HIGHlite 740 Series 
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