Apple IPhone IOS 51 User Guide
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View a collectionTap the name of the current collection at the top of the screen, then pick a new one from the list that appears. Manage collections Tap the name of the current collection you’re viewing, such as Books or PDFs, to display the collections list. You can’t edit or remove the built-in Books and PDFs collections. Sort the bookshelf Tap the status bar to scroll to the top of the screen, then tap and select a sort method from the choices at the bottom of the screen. Delete an item from the bookshelf Tap Edit, then tap each book or PDF that you want to delete so that a checkmark appears. Tap Delete. When you finish, tap Done. If you delete a book you purchased, you can download it again from Purchases in the iBookstore. Search for a book Go to the bookshelf. Tap the status bar to scroll to the top of the screen, then tap . Searching looks for the title and the author’s name. 141Chapter 30 iBooks
Accessibility 31 Universal Access features iPhone incorporates numerous accessibility features, including:VoiceOver  Call audio routing  Siri  Zoom  Large Text  White on Black  Speak Selection  Speak Auto-text  Mono Audio and balance  Hearing Aid Mode (iPhone 4 GSM)  Custom Vibrations  LED Flash for Alerts  AssistiveTouch  Support for braille displays  Playback of closed-captioned content  With the exception of VoiceOver, these accessibility features work with most iPhone apps, including third-party apps you download from the App Store. VoiceOver works with all apps that come preinstalled on iPhone, and with many third-party apps. For more information about iPhone accessibility features, go to www.apple.com/accessibilit y. You can turn individual accessibility features on or off in Accessibility settings on iPhone. You can also turn some features on or off in iTunes when iPhone is connected to your computer. Turn on accessibility features using iPhone: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility. Turn on accessibility features using iTunes: Connect iPhone to your computer and select iPhone in the iTunes device list. Click Summary, then click Configure Universal Access at the bottom of the Summary screen. Large Text can only be turned on or off in iPhone settings. See “Large Text ” on page 15 3 . 14 2
VoiceOver VoiceOver describes aloud what appears onscreen, so you can use iPhone without seeing it. VoiceOver tells you about each element on the screen as you select it. When you select an element, a black rectangle (the VoiceOver cursor) encloses it and VoiceOver speaks the name or describes the item. Touch the screen or drag your fingers to hear different items on the screen. When you select text, VoiceOver reads the text. If you turn on Speak Hints, VoiceOver may tell you the name of the item and provide instructions for you—for example, “double-tap to open.” To interact with items on the screen, such as buttons and links, use the gestures described in “Learning VoiceOver gestures ” on page 145 . When you go to a new screen, VoiceOver plays a sound and automatically selects and speaks the first element of the screen (typically, the item in the upper-left corner). VoiceOver also lets you know when the display changes to landscape or portrait orientation, and when the screen is locked or unlocked. Note: VoiceOver speaks in the language specified in International settings, which may be influenced by the Region Format setting (Settings > General > International > Region Format). VoiceOver is available in many languages, but not all. Setting up VoiceOver Important: VoiceOver changes the gestures you use to control iPhone. Once VoiceOver is turned on, you must use VoiceOver gestures to operate iPhone—even to turn VoiceOver off again to resume standard operation. Note: You can’t use VoiceOver and Zoom at the same time. Turn VoiceOver on or off: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver. You can also set Triple-click Home to turn VoiceOver on or off. See “ Triple-click Home ” on page 15 3 . Turn spoken hints on or offGo to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver. When Speak Hints is turned on, VoiceOver may tell you the action of the item or provide instructions for you—for example, “double-tap to open.” You can also add Hints to the rotor, then swipe up or down to adjust. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor control ” on page 14 7 . Set the VoiceOver speaking rate Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver and drag the Speaking Rate slider. You can also add Speech Rate to the rotor, then swipe up or down to adjust. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor control ” on page 14 7 . Change typing feedback Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Typing Feedback. Use phonetics in typing feedback Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Phonetics. Text is read character-by-character. Voiceover first speaks the character, then its phonetic equivalent—for example, “f ” and then “foxtrot.” Use pitch change Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Pitch Change. VoiceOver uses a higher pitch when entering a letter, and a lower pitch when deleting a letter. VoiceOver also uses a higher pitch when speaking the first item of a group (such as a list or table) and a lower pitch when speaking the last item of a group. Set rotor options Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Rotor. Tap to select or deselect options, or drag up to reposition an item. Change VoiceOver pronunciationSet the rotor to Language and then swipe up or down. The Language rotor position is available when you select more than one pronunciation. 14 3 Chapter 31 Accessibility
Select the pronunciations available in the language rotorGo to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Language Rotor. To change the position of a language in the list, drag up or down. Change the language for iPhone Go to Settings > General > International > Language. Some languages may be affected by the Region Format setting (Settings > General > International > Region Format). Skip images while navigating Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Navigate Images. You can choose to skip all images or only those without descriptions. Speak notifications when you unlock iPhone Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speak Notifications. If this is off, iPhone speaks only the time when you unlock it. Using VoiceOver Select items on the screen: Drag your finger over the screen. VoiceOver identifies each element as you touch it. You can move systematically from one element to the next by flicking left or right with a single finger. Elements are selected from left-to-right, top-to-bottom. Flick right to go to the next element, or flick left to go to the previous element. Enable vertical navigationAdd Vertical Navigation to the rotor, use the rotor to select it, then swipe up or down to move to the item above or below. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor control ” on page 14 7 . Select the first or last element on the screen Flick up or down with four fingers. Unlock iPhone Select the Unlock button, then double-tap the screen. Select an item by name Triple-tap with two fingers anywhere on the screen to open the Item Chooser. Then type a name in the search field, or flick right or left to move through the list alphabetically, or tap the table index to the right of the list and flick up or down to move quickly through the list of items. Change the name of a screen item so it’s easier to find Tap and hold with two fingers anywhere on the screen. Speak the text of the selected element: Flick down or up with one finger to read the next or previous word or character (twist the rotor control to choose characters or words). You can include the phonetic spelling. See “Setting up VoiceOver ” on page 143 . Stop speaking an itemTap once with two fingers. Tap again with two fingers to resume speaking. Speaking automatically resumes when you select another item. Change the speaking volume Use the volume buttons on iPhone, or add volume to the rotor and swipe up and down to adjust. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor control ” on page 14 7 . Mute VoiceOver Double-tap with three fingers. Double-tap again with three fingers to turn speaking back on. To turn off only VoiceOver sounds, set the Ring/Silent switch to Silent. If an external keyboard is connected, you can also press the Control key on the keyboard to mute or unmute VoiceOver. Change the reading voice Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Compact Voice. Speak the entire screen from the top Flick up with two fingers. Speak from the current item to the bottom of the screen Flick down with two fingers. Speak the iPhone status information Tap the top of the screen to hear such information as the time, battery life, Wi-Fi signal strength, and more. “Tap” the selected item when VoiceOver is on: Double-tap anywhere on the screen. 14 4Chapter 31 Accessibility
“Double-tap” the selected item when VoiceOver is onTriple-tap anywhere on the screen. Adjust a slider With a single finger, flick up to increase the setting or down to decrease the setting. VoiceOver announces the setting as you adjust it. Scroll a list or area of the screen Flick up or down with three fingers. Flick down to page down through the list or screen, or flick up to page up. When paging through a list, VoiceOver speaks the range of items displayed (for example, “showing rows 5 through 10”). You can also scroll continuously through a list, instead of paging through it. Double-tap and hold. When you hear a series of tones, you can move your finger up or down to scroll the list. Continuous scrolling stops when you lift your finger. Use a list index Some lists have an alphabetical index along the right side. The index can’t be selected by flicking between elements; you must touch the index directly to select it. With the index selected, flick up or down to move along the index. You can also double-tap, then slide your finger up or down. Reorder a list Some lists, such as Favorites in Phone, and Rotor and Language Rotor in Accessibility settings can be reordered. Select on the right side of an item, double-tap and hold until you hear a sound, then drag up or down. VoiceOver speaks the item you’ve moved above or below, depending on the direction you’re dragging. Rearrange the Home screen On the Home screen, select the icon you want to move. Double-tap and hold the icon, then drag it. VoiceOver speaks the row and column position as you drag the icon. Release the icon when it’s in the location you want. You can drag additional icons. Drag an item to the left or right edge of the screen to move it to a different page of the Home screen. When you finish, press the Home button . Turn the screen curtain on or offTriple-tap with three fingers. When the screen curtain is on, the screen contents are active even though the display is turned off. Unlock iPhone Select the Unlock switch, then double-tap the screen. Learning VoiceOver gestures When VoiceOver is turned on, the standard touchscreen gestures have different effects. These and some additional gestures let you move around the screen and control individual elements when they’re selected. VoiceOver gestures include two- and three-finger gestures to tap or flick. For best results when using two- and three-finger gestures, relax and let your fingers touch the screen with some space between them. You can use standard gestures when VoiceOver is turned on, by double-tapping and holding your finger on the screen. A series of tones indicates that normal gestures are in force. They remain in effect until you lift your finger. Then VoiceOver gestures resume. You can use different techniques to enter VoiceOver gestures. For example, you can enter a two-finger tap using two fingers from one hand, or one finger from each hand. You can also use your thumbs. Many find the “split-tap” gesture especially effective: instead of selecting an item and double-tapping, you can touch and hold an item with one finger, then tap the screen with another finger. Try different techniques to discover which works best for you. If your gestures don’t work, try quicker movements, especially for double-tapping and flicking gestures. To flick, try quickly brushing the screen with your finger or fingers. When VoiceOver is turned on, the VoiceOver Practice button appears, which gives you a chance to practice VoiceOver gestures before proceeding. Practice gestures: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, then tap VoiceOver Practice. When you finish practicing, tap Done. 14 5Chapter 31 Accessibility
If you don’t see the VoiceOver Practice button, make sure VoiceOver is turned on. Here’s a summary of key VoiceOver gestures: Navigate and read ÂTap: Speak item. ÂFlick right or left: Select the next or previous item. ÂFlick up or down: Depends on the Rotor Control setting. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor control ” on page 14 7 . ÂTwo-finger tap: Stop speaking the current item. ÂTwo-finger flick up: Read all from the top of the screen. ÂTwo-finger flick down: Read all from the current position. ÂTwo-finger “scrub”: Move two fingers back and forth three times quickly (making a “z”) to dismiss an alert or go back to the previous screen. ÂTwo-finger triple tap: Open the Item Chooser. ÂThree-finger flick up or down: Scroll one page at a time. ÂThree-finger flick right or left: Go to the next or previous page (such as the Home screen, Stocks, or Safari). ÂThree-finger tap: Speak additional information, such as position within a list or whether text is selected. ÂFour-finger tap at top of screen: Select the first item on the page. ÂFour-finger tap at bottom of screen: Select the last item on the page. Activate ÂDouble-tap: Activate the selected item. ÂTriple-tap: Double-tap an item. ÂSplit-tap: An alternative to selecting an item and double-tapping is to touch an item with one finger, then tap the screen with another to activate an item. ÂTouch an item with one finger, tap the screen with another finger (“split-tapping”): Activate the item. ÂDouble-tap and hold (1 second) + standard gesture: Use a standard gesture. The double-tap and hold gesture tells iPhone to interpret the subsequent gesture as standard. For example, you can double-tap and hold, then without lifting your finger, drag your finger to slide a switch. ÂTwo-finger double-tap: Answer or end a call. Play or pause in Music, Videos, YouTube, Voice Memos, or Photos. Take a photo (Camera). Start or pause recording in Camera or Voice Memos. Start or stop the stopwatch. ÂTwo-finger double-tap and hold: Open the element labeler. ÂTwo-finger triple-tap: Open the Item Chooser. ÂThree-finger double-tap: Mute or unmute VoiceOver. ÂThree-finger triple-tap: Turn the screen curtain on or off. 14 6Chapter 31 Accessibility
Using the VoiceOver rotor control The rotor control is a virtual dial that you can use to change the results of up and down flick gestures when VoiceOver is turned on. Operate the rotor: Rotate two fingers on the iPhone screen around a point between them. Change the options included in the rotor: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Rotor and select the options you want to be available using the rotor. The effect of the rotor setting depends on what you’re doing. If you’re reading text in an email you received, you can use the rotor to switch between hearing text spoken word-by-word or character-by-character when you flick up or down. If you’re browsing a webpage, you can use the rotor setting to hear all the text (either word-by-word or character-by-character), or to jump from one element to another of a certain type, such as headers or links. Reading text Select and hear text by: Character, word, or line  Speaking Adjust VoiceOver speaking by:Volume or rate  Use of typing echo, pitch change, or phonetics (using Apple Wireless Keyboard)  See “ Controlling VoiceOver using an Apple Wireless Keyboard” on page 150. Navigating Select and hear items by: Character, word, or line  Heading  Link, visited link, non-visited link, or in-page link  Form control  Table or row (when navigating a table)  List  Landmark  Image  Static text  Items of the same type  Buttons  Text fields  Search fields  Containers (screen regions such as the dock)  Zoom in or out 14 7Chapter 31 Accessibility
Entering text Move insertion point and hear text by:Character, word, or line  Select edit function Select language Using a control Select and hear values by:Character, word, or line  Adjust the value of the control object Entering and editing text with VoiceOver When you select a text field with VoiceOver, you can use the onscreen keyboard or an external keyboard connected to iPhone to enter text. There are two ways to enter text in VoiceOver—standard typing and touch typing. With standard typing, you select a key, then double-tap the screen to enter the character. With touch typing, you touch to select a key and the character is entered automatically when you lift your finger. Touch typing can be quicker, but may require more practice than standard typing. VoiceOver also lets you use the editing features of iPhone to cut, copy, or paste in a text field. Enter text: Select an editable text field, double-tap to display the insertion point and the onscreen keyboard, and type characters. ÂStandard typing: Select a key on the keyboard by flicking left or right, then double-tap to enter the character. Or move you finger around the keyboard to select a key and, while continuing to touch the key with one finger, tap the screen with another finger. VoiceOver speaks the key when it’s selected, and again when the character is entered. ÂTouch typing: Touch a key on the keyboard to select it, then lift your finger to enter the character. If you touch the wrong key, move your finger on the keyboard until you select the key you want. VoiceOver speaks the character for each key as you touch it, but doesn’t enter a character until you lift your finger. Note: Touch typing works only for the keys that enter text. Use standard typing for other keys such as Shift, Delete, and Return. Move the insertion point: Flick up or down to move the insertion point forward or backward in the text. Use the rotor to choose whether you want to move the insertion point by character, by word, or by line. VoiceOver makes a sound when the insertion point moves, and speaks the character, word, or line that the insertion point moves across. When moving forward by words, the insertion point is placed at the end of each word, before the space or punctuation that follows. When moving backward, the insertion point is placed at the end of the preceding word, before the space or punctuation that follows it. To move the insertion point past the punctuation at the end of a word or sentence, use the rotor to switch back to character mode. When moving the insertion point by line, VoiceOver speaks each line as you move across it. When moving forward, the insertion point is placed at the beginning of the next line (except when you reach the last line of a paragraph, when the insertion point is moved to the end of the line just spoken). When moving backward, the insertion point is placed at the beginning of the line that’s spoken. 14 8Chapter 31 Accessibility
Choose standard or touch typingWith VoiceOver turned on and a key selected on the keyboard, use the rotor to select Typing Mode, then flick up or down. Delete a character Select the , then double-tap or split-tap. You must do this even when touch typing. To delete multiple characters, touch and hold the Delete key, then tap the screen with another finger once for each character you want to delete. VoiceOver speaks the character as it’s deleted. If Use Pitch Change is turned on, VoiceOver speaks deleted characters in a lower pitch. Select text Set the rotor to Edit, flick up or down to choose Select or Select All, then double tap. If you chose Select, the word closest to the insertion point is selected when you double-tap. If you chose Select All, the entire text is selected. Pinch apart or together to increase or decrease the selection. Cut, copy, or paste Make sure the rotor is set to edit. With text selected, flick up or down to choose Cut, Copy, or Paste, then double-tap. Undo Shake iPhone, flick left or right to choose the action to undo, then double-tap. Enter an accented character In standard typing mode, select the plain character, then double-tap and hold until you hear a sound indicating alternate characters have appeared. Drag left or right to select and hear the choices. Release your finger to enter the current selection. Change the language you’re typing in Set the rotor to Language, then flick up or down. Choose “default language” to use the language specified in International settings. The Language rotor appears only if you select more than one language in the VoiceOver Language Rotor setting. See “Setting up VoiceOver ” on page 143 . Making phone calls with VoiceOver Double-tap the screen with two fingers to answer or end a call. When a phone call is established with VoiceOver on, the screen displays the numeric keypad by default, instead of showing call options. This makes it easier to use the keypad to respond to a menu of options when you reach an automated system. Display call options: Select the Hide Keypad button in the lower-right corner and double-tap. Display the numeric keypad again: Select the Keypad button near the center of the screen and double-tap. Using VoiceOver with Safari When you search the web in Safari with VoiceOver on, the Search Results rotor items lets you hear the list of suggested search phrases. Search the web: Select the search field, enter your search, then select Search Results using the rotor. Flick right or left to move down or up the list, then double-tap the screen to search the web using the current search phrase. Using VoiceOver with Maps You can use VoiceOver to zoom in or out, select pins, and get information about locations. Zoom in or out: Select the map, use the rotor to choose zoom mode, then flick up or down to zoom in or out. Select a pin: Touch a pin, or flick left or right to move from one item to another. Get information about a location: With a pin selected, double-tap to display the information flag. Flick left or right to select the More Info button, then double-tap to display the information page. 14 9Chapter 31 Accessibility
Editing videos and voice memos with VoiceOver You can use VoiceOver gestures to trim Camera videos and Voice Memo recordings. Trim a voice memo: On the Voice Memos screen, select the button to the right of the memo you want to trim, then double-tap. Then select Trim Memo and double-tap. Select the beginning or end of the trim tool. Flick up to drag to the right, or flick down to drag to the left. VoiceOver announces the amount of time the current position will trim from the recording. To execute the trim, select Trim Voice Memo and double-tap. Trim a video: While viewing a video in Photos, double-tap the screen to display the video controls, then select the beginning or end of the trim tool. Then flick up to drag to the right, or flick down to drag to the left. VoiceOver announces the amount of time the current position will trim from the recording. To execute the trim, select Trim and double-tap. Controlling VoiceOver using an Apple Wireless Keyboard You can control VoiceOver on iPhone using an Apple Wireless Keyboard. See “Using an Apple Wireless Keyboard ” on page 27 . You can use VoiceOver keyboard commands to navigate the screen, select items, read screen contents, adjust the rotor, and perform other VoiceOver actions. All the keyboard commands (except one) include Control-Option, abbreviated in the table below as “VO.” VoiceOver Help speaks keys or keyboard commands as you type them. You can use VoiceOver Help to learn the keyboard layout and the actions associated with key combinations. VoiceOver keyboard commands VO = Control-Option Read all, starting from the current position VO–A Read from the top VO–B Move to the status bar VO–M Press the Home button VO–H Select the next or previous item VO–Right Arrow or VO–Left Arrow Tap an item VO–Space bar Double-tap with two fingers VO–”-” Choose the next or previous rotor item VO–Up Arrow or VO–Down Arrow Choose the next or previous speech rotor item VO–Command–Left Arrow or VO–Command–Right Arrow Adjust speech rotor item VO–Command–Up Arrow or VO–Command–Down Arrow Mute or unmute VoiceOver VO–S Turn the screen curtain on or off VO–Shift-S Turn on VoiceOver help VO–K Return to the previous screen, or turn off VoiceOver help Escape 15 0 Chapter 31 Accessibility