Vodavi Discovery Ip Techical Guide
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B-2NETWORK CONNECTION Parts SpecificationsAugust 1999
Discovery IP Technical Manual August 1999 CGlossary ABB: Above Board Bus ADPCM:Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation AIS:Alarm Indication Signal, usually all ones—F11111111. Also known as a Blue Alarm which signals that an upstream failure has occurred. Alarms:Red: refer to Loss of Sync. Yellow: Same as Red, but reported from the other side of the connection. Blue: refer to AIS. Slip: refer to Slip. AMI:Alternate Mark Inversion. A line coding format for T-1 lines where the condition of the signal alternate between binary positive and binary negative polarity. ATM:Asynchronous transfer mode. An international ISDN high-speed, high-volume, packet-switching transmission protocol standard. ATM uses short, uniform, 53-byte cells to divide data into efficient, manageable packets for ultrafast switching through a high-performance communications network. The 53-byte cells contain 5-byte destination address headers and 48 data bytes. ATM is the first packet-switched technology designed from the ground up to support integrated voice, video, and data communication applications. It is well suited to high-speed WAN transmission bursts. ATM currently accommodates transmission speeds from 64 Kbps to 622 Mbps. ATM may support gigabit speeds in the future. B8ZS:Bipolar with eight zero substitution. A protocol used over T-1 interfaces. Clear channel line coding option on DS-1 service allows the DS-1 user to obtain greater throughput and functionality from their DS-1 facilities. The use of B8ZS allows users to transmit data at a rate of 64 Kbps per DS-0, achieving what is referred to as a clear channel. Applied against all 24 DS-0s on a DS-1, the effective data throughput of the DS-1 facility is increased with B8ZS from 1.344 Mbps to 1.536 Mbps, a 14% increase in throughput. CSUs with B8ZS support are required on both ends of the users circuit. Baud:Baud (older term being replaced by bps). The number of signaling elements that can be transmitted per second on a circuit. In an average data stream, one baud is roughly equivalent to one bit per second on a digital transmission circuit. bps:Bits per second. Bps:Bytes per second. Each byte contains eight bits. CCITT:Comité Consultatif Internationale de Télégraphique et Téléphonique (International Consultative Committee on Telephones and Telegraphs). The primary international standards body for telecommunications. CCITT is an advisory committee established under the United Nations, within the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), to develop and recommend communications standards.
C-2 GlossaryAugust 1999 Channel Bank:A PCM voice frequency terminal that converts analog channels (and associated signaling) into a single T-1 (DS-1) digital circuit. Cross Point Switch:A device that assigns different channels to different ports (an electronic patch panel). CSU:Channel Service Unit; manages digital transmission, monitors signals for problems. Responds to Central Office commands. It performs many of the functions that modems do, but it does not have to convert digital signals to/from analog, since the end device and the underlying transmission facility are both digital. D4:A data transmission (or superframe) format comprised of 12 frames of 192 bits each. A single 193rd bit is used for link control and error checking. As an industry standard, D4, also known as SF, has been superseded by the Extended Super Frame (ESF) format. However, because ESF is not backward compatible and there continues to be a large installed base of channel banks and DS-1 multiplexers that are based upon D4, it is still the default private line formatting technique. DCE:Data Communications equipment; device designed to connect directly to a network. An example of DCE is the common modem that connects to voice grade lines of a telephone network. DS-0:Digital Signal Level 0; the designation given to a digital hierarchy of circuits or channels operating at 64 Mbps. DS-1:Digital Signal Level 1; the designation given to a digital hierarchy of circuits or channels operating at 1.544 Mbps (refer to T-1). DSU:Data Service Unit; a network interface device between the CSU and the customers DTE. Usually associated with a CSU, the DSU has a V.35, RS232, RS449, or other interface to the customer equipment. The DSU is also a multiplexer for FT-1 circuits. DSX:Digital Signal Cross-connect. DTE:Data Terminal Equipment; any form of computer, peripheral or terminal that can originate or receive data over a communication channel. ESF:Extended SuperFrame; an enhanced version of D4 formatting, it is the current industry standard. ESF is composed of 24 frames of 192 bits each. ESF provides 16 signaling states in the 193 rd bit to ensure synchronization, supervisory control, and maintenance capabilities. FDL:Facility Data Link FSYNC:Frame Sync; is bit-signaling that occurs at the beginning of each frame, or each group of 32 channels FT-1:Fractional T-1; a service that uses a portion of a 24-channel T-1 circuit. FT-1 allows 64 Kbps increments from 2-channel 128 Kbps through all 24 channels at 1.544 Mbps. FXS:Foreign Exchange Station
C-3 August 1999Glossary ICV:ISA Communications Voice card. ISA:Integrated System Architecture; the standard connector used internally for IBM-PC clone computers to connect adapter cards to the motherboard. LAN:Local Area Network; a communications network that provides a high rate of data transmission and a low error rate in connecting computer system and terminal devices within a department or establishment. LOS:Loss of Signal; on a T-1 SmartJack or NIU this LED indicates loss of carrier. Loss of Sync:Indicates an improper or no signal coming from the other side. This could also be a good indication that the wiring is not properly completed. MPP:Multi-Protocol Packet Assembler/Disassembler (PAD) MVIP:Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol; allows multiplexed digital telephony within a computer chassis. NIU:Network Interface Unit; where a T-1 signal is provided to the customer from the telco. Null Modem:A device that allows DTE to DTE or DCE to DCE communications. PC:Personal Computer or Printed Circuit (depending on context). PCM:Pulse Code Modulation; the technique most frequently used to sample and convert analog signals to a digital format. In telephony, the PCM technique converts analog voice to an 8-bit digital format at an 8 kHz rate, producing an aggregate serial bit stream of 64 kbps. POTS:Plain Old Telephone Service; refers to a one-party, no frills business or residential line. SF:Superframe (D4); a data transmission format comprised of 12 frames of 192 bits each. A single 193rd bit is used for link control and error checking. As an industry standard, D4, also known as SF, has been superseded by the Extended Super Frame (ESF) format. Slip:Synchronization of Clocks on digital channel service failed and recovered automatically. This can cause a noisy connection. High-speed modems will tend to reduce throughput or even fail on continued slip conditions. Frequent or repetitive slips can be caused by improper software settings. SNA:IBM System Network Architecture; mainframe-centric hierarchical communication protocol. SNMP:Simple Network Management Protocol; recommended by the Internet Engineering Task Force, a committee of vendors and academics. SNMP is designed to manage inter-networked LANs and packet switched networks. It is most commonly employed in TCP/ IP networks. SMTP:Simple Mail Transfer Protocol; a TCP/IP application utility.
C-4 GlossaryAugust 1999 T-1:Any transmission line or connection operating at the DS-1 rate of 1.544 Mbps in the USA or at the E1 rate of 2.048 Mbps in Europe. TCP/IP:Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol; a protocol suite developed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) for use in the U.S. Military ARPANET, now in commercial use. TCP/IP ensures that packets of data are delivered to their destination in the sequence in which they were transmitted. TCP is the Transport Layer protocol and IP is the Network Layer protocol in this suite. TCP/IP is also the delivery mechanism for associated services, including SNMP, SMTP, FTP and Telnet. Telnet:A TCP/IP application utility that provides terminal emulation. X.25:A CCITT recommendation that defines the interface between DTE and a packet-switched network and the service features available when connected to the network. The definition describes the characteristics of the Physical, Data Link and Network Layer
Discovery IP Technical Manual August 1999 D Country Specific Information UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FCC Part 15 The components of this equipment have been tested and comply with the limits for a Class A digital device according to U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, FCC Rules and Regulations Part 15. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may cause harmful interference, and 2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
D-2 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Country Specific Information August 1999
Discovery IP Technical Manual August 1999 E Troubleshooting Table E-1: Troubleshooting Checklist Observed Problem Probable Cause Suggested Solution Calls into the Discovery IP on that port(s) are unanswered, OR calls are unable to be placed out of that port(s).Phone line not connected to the portCheck connectors and connections. Replace connectors/cables if necessary. Calls into the Discovery IP on that port(s) are unanswered, OR calls are unable to be placed out of that port(s).Bad connector/ connectionCheck connectors and connections. Replace connectors/cables if necessary. Calls into Discovery IP on that port(s) are unanswered, OR calls are unable to be placed out of that port(s).Dvgconfig ports not set up with correct DID/ DOD characteristics. Check the dvgconfig setup, and if necessary contact the telephone company providing the line to check on type provisioned. dvg process does not start properly (stops immediately after you attempt to start it).dvgconfig ports not set up with correct settings or in correct quantityCheck port configuration. Any change while dvg is running require that dvg is stopped/restarted. dvg does not run properly or smoothly. Discovery IP configuration requires adjustmentCheck all configuration items in dvgconfig. any changes while dvg is running require that dvg is stopped/ restarted. Unable to reach updater ftp site. Network configuration is not set up to specify a DNS server with reverse-DNSGo through network configuration process and check that a valid DNS IP address is specified. Check also that reverse-DNS exists on that network connection. Log shows segmentation fault while trying to start up the dvg process.Did not go through dvgconfig (saving the configuration) before restarting Discovery IP unit after running updaterWhenever running updater, run dvgconfig, set additional configuration options, save the new configuration, reboot the Discovery IP, start the Discvoery IP process again. Bad voice quality Network issues: packet lossAdjust frames per packet setting in dvgconfig. Bad voice quality Network issues: latency, loss of connectionCaller may adjust latency by entering ✳ ✳✳ ✳3 or ✳ ✳✳ ✳4
Discovery IP Technical ManualAugust 1999 INDEX B Billing Call Detail Recording 2-3 C Call Detail Recording 2-3 Collecting 6-4 Calling Instructions 7-1 CDR refer to Call Detail Recording Circuits Loop Start Trunk 3-2 Configuration 5-1, 6-1 Managing Settings 5-18–5-25 Port 5-23, 5-24 Port Number 5-15, 5-16, 5-20 Settings 5-18 Setup 5-1 System 5-19 Web Interface 5-25 Wizard 5-3, 5-10, 5-18 Machine Name 5-4 D Discovery IP Billing Call Detail Recording 2-3, 6-4 Calling 2-1, 2-2, 5-9–5-15, 7-1 Routing 2-1 Configuration 5-2, 5-15–5-18, 5-20, 5-23, 5-24, 6-1 Options 5-19 Web Interface 5-25 Wizard 5-3, 5-10, 5-18 Connections 5-1 Description 1-1 Gatekeeper Module 1-2 Hardware 4-1, B-1 Requirements 3-2 Installation 3-1 Requirements 3-1, 3-2 Internet Protocol 5-5, 5-8–5-15 Module Gatekeeper 1-2 Monitoring 6-2 Network 2-1, 3-1, 3-2 Applications 1-3 Components 1-2 Operation 6-1 Reboot 6-8 Setup 5-4–5-15 Setup/Configuration 5-1 Software Updates 6-6, 6-7 System Configuration 5-1 Troubleshooting E-1 G Gatekeeper Module 1-2 Glossary C-1 I Installation Hardware 4-1 Requirements 3-2 Prerequisites 3-1 Requirements 3-1 Interface Card A-1 Internet Protocol 1-1 Gateway 5-5, 5-8–5-15 Telephony Standards 1-2 IP Address 5-4 IP Telephony 1-1