MSI 845 Ultra C Manual

							MSI Smart Key
A-13Removing the Software ApplicationTo remove the program, follow the steps below:
1.Click   and choose Settings ¡÷ Control Panel; double-
click the Add/Remove Programs item to open the “Add/Remove
Programs Properties” window.
2.Select the “SmartKey” item in the field and click the [ Add/
Remove... ]; when it shows the dialog box requiring your
confirmation, press [ Yes ] to start removing the program as the
on-screen instructions.Click hereChoose this
3.Restart the computer when the un-installation is completed. 
						

							G-1Glossary
ACPI (Advanced Configuration & Power Interface)
This power management specification enables the OS (operating system) to control the
amount of power given to each device attached to the computer.  Windows 98/98SE,
Windows 2000 and Windows ME can fully support ACPI to allow users managing the
system power flexibly.
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port)
A new, high-speed graphics interface that based on PCI construction and designed
especially for the throughput demands of 3-D graphics.  AGP provides a direct channel
(32-bit wide bus) between the display controller and main memory for high graphics
quality and performance.
AT X
A modern shape and layout of mainboard that supersedes the widely-used Baby AT
form factor.  It improves many placement of components and makes a more efficient
design.
BIOS (basic input/output system)
On PCs, an essential software that contains all the control code of input/output inter-
face (such as keyboard, disk drives, etc.).  It executes hardware test on booting the
system, starts the OS, and provides an interface between the OS and the components.
The BIOS is stored in a ROM chip.
Bus
A set of hardware lines within the computer system, through which the data is trans-
ferred among different components.  In a PC, the term bus usually refers to a local bus
that connects the internal components to the CPU and main memory.
Cache
A special memory subsystem that is used to speed up the data transfer.  It stores the
contents of frequently accessed RAM locations and the addresses where these data
items are stored.
Chipset
A collection of integrated chips designed to perform one or more related functions.  For
Glossary
Glossary 
						

							G-2 Glossary
Dynamic RAM (DRAM) Memory Technologies
        Type
FPM (60,70ns)
EDO (50,60,70ns)
SDRAM (66MHz)
SDRAM (100MHz)
SDRAM (133MHz)
RDRAM (Direct Rambus)
DDR SDRAM (100MHz)
DDR SDRAM (133MHz)First Used
   1990
   1994
   1996
   1998
   1999
   1999
   2000
   2000Clock Rate
  25MHz
  40MHz
  66MHz
 100MHz
 133MHz
 400MHz
 100MHz
 133MHzBus* Width
    64 bits
    64 bits
    64 bits
    64 bits
    64 bits
    16 bits
    64 bits
    64 bitsBandwidth
 200 MBps
 320 MBps
 528 MBps
 800 MBps
 1.1 GBps
 1.6 GBps
 1.6 GBps
 2.1 GBpsVolts
  5v
  5v
 3.3v
 3.3v
 3.3v
 2.5v
 3.3v
 3.3v Peak
* Memory channel width (64 bits started with 75MHz Pentium)
Source: Computer Desktop Encyclopedia
example, a modem chipset contains all the primary circuits for transmitting and receiv-
ing data;  a PC chipset provides the electronic interfaces between all subsystems.
CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor)
CMOS is a widely used type of semiconductor, which features high speed and low
power consumption.  PCs usually contain a small amount of battery-powered CMOS
memory to retain the date, time, and system setup parameters.
COM
In MS-DOS system, the name of a serial communications port.  DOS supports four
serial ports.  For example, if a modem is connected to one serial port and a serial mouse
to another, they are identified as COM1 and COM2.
DIMM (dual in-line memory module)
A small circuit board that holds memory chips.  A SIMM (single in-line memory
module) has a 32-bit path to the memory chips whereas a DIMM has 64-bit path.
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
A most common type of computer memory.  It usually uses one transistor and a
capacitor to represent a bit.  As the development of technology, the memory type and
specification used in computer becomes variety, such as SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, and
RDRAM.  For further instruction, please see the table below: 
						

							G-3Glossary
ECC Memory (error correcting code memory)
A type of memory that contains special circuitry for testing the accuracy of data and
correcting the errors on the fly.
IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
A type of disk-drive interface widely used to connect hard disks, CD-ROMs and tape
drives to a PC, in which the controller electronics is integrated into the drive itself,
eliminating the need for a separate adapter card.  The IDE interface is known as the
ATA (AT Attachment) specification.
IEEE 1394
A new, high speed external bus standard, also known as FireWire or iLink, which
supports data transfer rates of up to 400 Mbps for connecting up to 63 external
devices.
IrDA (Infrared Data Association)
A group of device vendors, including computer, component and telecommunications,
who have developed a standard for transmitting data via infrared light waves.  This
enables you to transfer data from one device to another without any cables.
LAN (local area network)
A computer network that covers a relatively smaller area, such as in a building or an
enterprise.  It is made up of servers, workstations, shared resources, a network oper-
ating system and a communications link.  These individual PCs and devices on a LAN
are known as “nodes”, and are connected by cables to access data and devices any-
where on the LAN, so that many users can share expensive devices and data.
LED (light emitting diode)
A semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into light.  Since it lights up
(usually red) when electricity is passed through it, it is usually used for the activity
lights on computer’s component, such as disk drivers.
LPT (line printer terminal)
Logical device name for a line printer; a name reserved by the MS-DOS  for up to three
parallel printer ports: LPT1, LPT2, and LPT3.  It is frequently used by the OS to
identify a printer. 
						

							G-4 Glossary
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)
A local bus standard developed by Intel that first appeared on PCs in late 1993.  PCI
provides “plug and play” capability and allows IRQs to be shared.  The PCI controller
can exchange data with the systems CPU either 32 bits or 64 bits at a time.
PnP (Plug and Play)
A set of specifications that allows a PC to configure itself automatically to work with
peripherals.  The user can plug in a peripheral device and play it without configur-
ing the system manually.  To implement this useful feature, both the BIOS that sup-
ports PnP and a PnP expansion card are required.
POST (Power On Self Test)
During booting up your system, the BIOS executes a series of diagnostic tests, include
checking  the RAM, the keyboard, the disk drives, etc., to see if they are properly
connected and operating.
PS/2 Port
A type of port developed by IBM for connecting a mouse or keyboard to a PC.  The
PS/2 port supports a mini DIN plug containing just 6 pins.  Most modern PCs equipped
with PS/2 ports so that the special port can be used by another device, such as a
modem.
USB (universal serial bus)
A hardware interface for low-speed peripherals such as the keyboard, mouse, joystick,
etc.  USB provides a maximum bandwidth of 12 Mbit/sec (Mbps) for connecting up to
127 peripheral devices to PC.  USB features hot swap capability and multiple data
streams, allows external devices to be plugged in and unplugged without turning the
system off.
Virus
A program or a piece of code that infects computer files by inserting in those files
copies of itself.  The virus code is buried within an existing program, and is activated
when that program is executed.  All the viruses are man-made, and often have damaging
side effects.