Motorola Xtl5000 Basic 6881096c73 O Manual
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6881096C73-OJune 11, 2003 Basic Troubleshooting: Introduction9-3 9.1.2 I/O Disclaimer Some of the signal lines on the J2 accessory connector (Figure 9-1, on page 9-1) are limited to between 0- and 5-volt operation. It is obvious that improper connections to any electronic device might result in damage. Some of the logic lines are limited to between 0 and 5 volts and other inputs between 0 and 20 volts. The exception is the UARTA, which can tolerate up to ±15 V maximum. At no time should any two (or more) outputs be connected together. Exceeding these input voltages or output loads could result in electronic component failure. In most cases Zener diodes have been added to protect against ESD. Table 9-2 provides the normal operation range and ESD clamping voltages at accessory connector J2. If a radio is suspected of failure due to improper connections, the table can be useful in diode- continuity testing the accessory pins on the radio as a closed unit. 21RX FILT AUDIOReceive Filtered Audio OutThis is a fixed level (independent of volume level) received audio signal, including alert tones. Flat or de-emphasis are programmed by CPS. Output voltage is approximately 100 mVrms per 1kHz of deviation. The DC offset is 1.4V. 22MONITORMonitor overrides PLThis output is used to detect when a rear microphone accessory is taken ’off-hook’, to over-ride PL to alert the user to busy traffic prior to transmitting. 23AUX MICRear microphone inputThis microphone signal is independent of the microphone signal on the front microphone connector. The nominal input level is 80mVrms for 60% deviation when used for motorcycle, but can also support 300 mVrms for future APCO accessories. The DC impedance is 660 ohms and the AC impedance is 560 ohms. 24SW B+Switched Battery VoltageThis voltage is available when the radio is switched on, at A+ levels. 25IgnitionIgnition SenseConnecting this line to the ignition line of the vehicle will allow radio turn-on via the on/off button when the vehicle ignition is on. Connecting this line to the car battery will allow radio turn-on via the on/off button, regardless of the vehicle ignition status. 26SPKR-Speaker -Used along with SPKR+ to connect an external speaker. The audio PA is a bridge amplifier with a 3.2-ohm minimum impedance. Table 9-2. Normal Operation Range and ESD Clamping Voltages V * ** 1Ground00.00 2Bus +0.7 4.30 3Bus - 0.7 0.45 4UARTA_TxDHigh Z -9.20 Table 9-1. J2 Accessory Connector Signal and Voltage Descriptions (Continued) PinFunctionDescription
June 11, 20036881096C73-O 9-4Basic Troubleshooting: Introduction 9.1.3 Microphone Bias Most microphones are powered by a phantom power supply. This means that the bias to the electronics within the microphone is supplied as DC (direct-coupled) down the MIC_IN line. During PTT (push-to-talk or transmit), the microphone electronics are connected to this line and loads it down from 9 V to a bias voltage between about 3 to 6 volts. The AC load (or load line) is less than 560 ohms at the radio due to AC decoupling on both sides of this resistor. Audio (which is AC) from the microphone passes up the same MIC_IN line and AC coupled eventually to a high impedance amplifier circuit. It is imperative that this input has a bias voltage between 1.5 and 9.5 volts. Connecting to anything other than a microphone could short out or clamp the input signal resulting in distortion. The output of other types of electronics is typically referenced to zero volts DC and would require a 10 µF capacitor to be placed in series with MIC_IN. If the capacitor is polarized, the plus lead goes to the radio MIC_IN. Some audio generators have the option of applying the 1.5 Vdc offset, which may be used in place of a capacitor. 5UARTA_RxD5.5 K 0.00 6 USB -0.50 0.09 7 USB +0.51 0.07 8 RESET0.51 0.00 9 BUSY 0.50 0.00 10 UARTA_CTSHigh Z 9.20 11 U A R TA _ RT S5.5 K 0.00 12 USB_PWR0.7 0.00 13 CHAN_ACT10.03 14 Ground00.00 15 Emergency59 K 1.90 16 PTT0.8 2.80 17 One wire0.7 2.80 18 VIP OUT 1 (12V)10.08 19 VIP OUT 2 (12V)10.07 20 Spkr +0.8 6.60 21 RX_FILT_audio11.30 22 Monitor0.8 2.80 23 AUX_MIC19.13 24 SW_B+0.7 13.7 25 Ignition0.8 13.8 26 Spkr -0.8 6.70 * Measured without power applied to the radio, the DMM on the diode-test scale, and the lead connected to chassis ground. 0.7 V, 0.8 V. and 1 V measurement represent diode junctions that will vary depending on the bias current of the ohmmeter. ** Measured with a voltmeter and the radio powered on using a 13.8-volt power supply. Table 9-2. Normal Operation Range and ESD Clamping Voltages (Continued) V * **
6881096C73-OJune 11, 2003 Basic Troubleshooting: Replacement Board Procedures 9-5 9.1.4 Audio PA Out Bias The audio PA is a BTL (bridge-to-load) amplifier. When the radio is in receiver mode, the output of both speaker leads bias up to half of the supply voltage. Considering that both leads are at the same potential, the average DC voltage across the load is zero. At maximum volume the signal voltage to the load is double that of one amplifier peak-to-peak because the amplifiers work together 180 degrees out of phase. Caution must be taken not to short either lead to ground, which might cause component damage. Even though audio may still be heard from the speaker, the shorted side will go into current limiting and eventually into thermal shutdown, shutting off the amplifier. These protection devices are not intended to be tested. 9.1.5 High Power RF Precaution 9.2 Replacement Board Procedures Once a problem has been isolated to a specific board, use one of the following recommended repair procedures: Install a good board from your inventory into the radio. Order a replacement board from Radio Products Services Division at 1-800-422-4210. Refer to “Appendix A Replacement Parts Ordering” on page A-1 for further information. Troubleshoot the defective board using the ASTRO XTL 5000 Digital Mobile Radios Detailed Service Manual. (Refer to the Related Publications section of this manual on page xii for the specific manual number.) 9.3 Power-Up Error Codes When the radio is turned on (power-up), the radio performs cursory tests to determine if its basic electronics and software are in working order. Problems detected during these tests are presented as error codes on the radio’s display. The presence of an error should prompt the user that a problem exists and that a service technician should be contacted. Self-test errors are classified as either fatal or non-fatal. Fatal errors inhibit user operation; non-fatal errors do not. Use the following tables to aid in understanding particular power-up error code displays.When performing both transmit and, especially, receive tests, it is still possible that equipment might be damaged by the radio transmitter. Besides a possible radio failure, the radio might also transmit while in receive under the fllowing conditions: trunking-mode affiliation, missing emergency jumper, a defective PTT button, or other unintentional PTT activations. With the exception of some inputs on service monitors, a suitable attenuator rated at 100 W or more should always be used with all test equipment connected to the RF connector. Table 9-3. Power-Up Error Codes Error CodeDescriptionError TypeCorrective Action ERROR 01/02 FLASH ROM Codeplug ChecksumNON-FATAL Reprogram the codeplug. ERROR 01/12 Security Partition ChecksumNON-FATAL Reprogram the security partition. ! C a u t i o n
June 11, 20036881096C73-O 9-6Basic Troubleshooting: Power-Up Error Codes ERROR 01/22 Tuning Codeplug ChecksumNON-FATAL Reprogram the tuning partition. FAIL 01/81 FLASH ROM Checksum FATAL Reprogram the radio firmware. FAIL 01/82 FLASH ROM Codeplug ChecksumFATAL Reprogram the codeplug. FAIL 01/88 External SRAM Failure FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 01/90 General Hardware FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 01/92 Security Partition ChecksumFATAL Reprogram the security partition. FAIL 01/93 FlashPORT AUTHENT CODE FailureFATAL Contact the depot. FAIL 01/98 Internal RAM Failure FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 01/A2 Tuning Codeplug ChecksumFATAL Reprogram the tuning partition. FAIL 02/81 DSP ROM Checksum FATAL Reprogram the DSP firmware. FAIL 02/88 DSP RAM Fatal Error FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 02/90 General DSP Hardware FailureFATAL Turn the radio off, then on. ERROR 05/10 Control Head Hardware ErrorNON-FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 05/81 Control Head ROM Checksum ErrorFATAL Replace the control head. ERROR 06/10 Aux Control Head Hardware ErrorNON-FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 06/81 Aux Control Head ROM Checksum ErrorFATAL Replace the aux. control head. ERROR 08/10 Siren Hardware Error NON-FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 08/81 Siren ROM Checksum ErrorFATAL Replace the siren. ERROR 09/10 Secure Hardware Error NON-FATAL Replace the secure module. FAIL 09/90 Secure Hardware Fatal ErrorFATAL Replace the secure module. ERROR 12/10 VRS Hardware Error NON-FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 12/81 VRS ROM Checksum Error FATAL Replace the VRS. ERROR 1C/10 TRC Hardware Error NON-FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FAIL 1C/81 TRC ROM Checksum Error FATAL Replace the TRC. FL 01/AO Abacus IC Failure FATAL Turn the radio off, then on. FL 02/CO Wrong microprocessor FATAL Send the radio to the depot; replace the daughter card. Table 9-3. Power-Up Error Codes (Continued) Error CodeDescriptionError TypeCorrective Action
6881096C73-OJune 11, 2003 Basic Troubleshooting: Operational Error Codes 9-7 9.4 Operational Error Codes During radio operation, the radio performs dynamic tests to determine if the radio is working properly. Problems detected during these tests are presented as error codes on the radio’s display. The presence of an error code should prompt a user that a problem exists and that a service technician should be contacted. Use Table 9-4 to aid in understanding particular operational error codes. 9.5 Transmitter Troubleshooting Table 9-4 can help you troubleshoot problems that might occur in the transmitter section of your radio.Table 9-4. Operational Error Codes Error CodeDescriptionError TypeCorrective Action FAIL 001 Synthesizer Out-of-Lock NON-FATAL 1. Reprogram the codeplug. 2. Refer to Detailed Service Manual. FAIL 002 Personality checksum or system block errorNON-FATAL Reprogram the codeplug. Table 9-5. Transmitter Troubleshooting Chart SymptomPossible CauseCorrection or Test (Measurements Taken at Room Temperature) No RF Power OutputTX Power Level ProgrammingCheck TX power level programming (from the appropriate radio-programming software). Main Board Refer to the Detailed Service Manual. Distorted ModulationBandwidth Is the correct bandwidth selected (use the appropriate radio-programming software)? Is radio properly tuned? (See Chapter 6: Radio Alignment Procedures.) Compensation Not Set/ Working (DPL Distorted)Check the compensation setting. If compensation won’t adjust, go to “Can’t Set Compensation” below. Main Board Refer to the Detailed Service Manual. No Modulation, Bad Microphone SensitivityCheck Deviation and CompensationRetune, if necessary. (See Chapter 6: Radio Alignment Procedures.) Microphone Speak loudly into the microphone while monitoring the microphone line (pin 4 of J0401). If it is not >80 mVrms, then check the microphone, flex, control head, and remote cable if applicable. Main Board If >80 mVrms, refer to the Detailed Service Manual. No/Low Signaling (PL, DPL, Trunking, MDC)Check Programming Reprogram the codeplug. Can’t Set CompensationDeviation and CompensationVary deviation and compensation controls from maximum to minimum using softpots in the TX Deviation Balance screen and TX Deviation Limit screen (using the appropriate radio-programming software–see Chapter 6: Radio Alignment Procedures). Main Board Refer to the Detailed Service Manual.
June 11, 20036881096C73-O 9-8Basic Troubleshooting: Receiver Troubleshooting NOTE:“AC-coupled” is adding a 10 µf capacitor externally to prevent biasing on the MIC-HI line from being grounded. 9.6 Receiver Troubleshooting Ta b l e 9 - 6 can help you troubleshoot problems that might occur in the receiver section of your radio. Radio transmiits when programming cable is inserted into control headDamaged Flex Replace flex to control head. Table 9-6. Receiver Troubleshooting Chart SymptomPossible CauseCorrection or Test (Measurements Taken at Room Temperature) Radio Dead, Display Does Not Light UpBlown Fuse Check the current if drain is >800 ma or if the current is 10 Vdc). If not present, refer to the Detailed Service Manual. On/Off Switch (Control Head)Check for SW_B+ at pin 17 of J0401 on the main board. If present, replace flex or remote cable and board. If absent, replace control head. Radio Dead, Display Lights UpFlex Circuit Check for SW_B+ at pin 17 of J0401. If absent, replace the flex or remote cable/board. Main Board Refer to the Detailed Service Manual. No Receiver Audio or Receive Does Not UnsquelchCode Plug Check the codeplug to ensure correct frequency and signaling (PL, DPL) is enabled (use the appropriate radio-programming software). Speaker Check for speaker leads shorted to ground or open speaker wires. Replace, if necessary. Main Board Refer to the Detailed Service Manual. Audio Distorted or Not Loud EnoughCodeplug Ensure the codeplug is properly configured, including bandwidth and signaling. Synthesizer Not On Frequency/WorkingSee “Reference Oscillator Alignment” on page 6-6. Main Board Refer to the Detailed Service Manual. RF Sensitivity PoorSynthesizer Not On Frequency/WorkingCheck the local oscillator frequency. See “Reference Oscillator Alignment” on page 6-6. Main Board Refer to the Detailed Service Manual. Table 9-5. Transmitter Troubleshooting Chart (Continued) SymptomPossible CauseCorrection or Test (Measurements Taken at Room Temperature)
6881096C73-OJune 11, 2003 Basic Troubleshooting: Receiver Troubleshooting 9-9 Radio Will Not SquelchCodeplug Check the offending channel for spurious activity by monitoring with a known-good radio or service monitor. If possible, remove the offending source (computer, etc.). If not, increase the squelch level using the appropriate radio-programming software. Radio Will Not Turn OffOn/Off Switch (Control Head)Check for SW_B+ at 0 Vdc on pin 17 J0401 on the main board. If SW_B+ is >1 Vdc, replace the control head. Emergency Switch Check the emergency signal at J0401-18. A high voltage may indicate that the emergency switch line is not grounded by the rear accessory cable. Main Board Refer to the Detailed Service Manual. Excessive Noise in Fading ConditionsCheck Programming for Correct BandwidthReprogram the codeplug with the correct bandwidth. Radio transmiits when programming cable is inserted into control headDamaged Flex Replace flex to control head. Table 9-6. Receiver Troubleshooting Chart (Continued) SymptomPossible CauseCorrection or Test (Measurements Taken at Room Temperature)
June 12, 20036881096C73-O 9-10Basic Troubleshooting: Receiver Troubleshooting Notes
Chapter 10 Functional Block Diagrams and Connectors This chapter contains the ASTRO XTL 5000 digital mobile radio functional block diagrams and connector locations. Table 10-1. Table of Functional Block Diagrams and ConnectorsPage Figure Name 10-2 Figure 10-1. ASTRO XTL 5000 Functional Block Diagram 10-3 Figure 10-2. J0103 Remote-Mount Control Head Connector 10-3 Figure 10-3. J5 Control Cable for Remote-Mount Control Head 10-3 Figure 10-4. J6 Radio Operations Connector 10-3 Figure 10-5. J3 Remote-Control Cable Accessory Connector 10-3 Figure 10-6. J2 Rear Accessory Connector 10-3 Figure 10-7. P104 Microphone Jack 10-4 Figure 10-8. Dash-Mount Radio Connector Locations 10-4 Figure 10-9. Remote-Mount Radio Connector Locations 10-4 Figure 10-10. Main Board Connector Locations - Side 1 10-4 Figure 10-11. Main Board Connector Locations - Side 2 10-5 Figure 10-12. Control Head Cabling Diagram 10-6 Figure 10-13. Control Head 50-pin Connector 10-7 Figure 10-14. XTL 5000 Radio Connector Naming Scheme
10-2Functional Block Diagrams and Connectors: XTL 5000 Functional Block Diagram June 12, 2003 6881096C73-O10.1 XTL 5000 Functional Block Diagram Figure 10-1. ASTRO XTL 5000 Functional Block Diagram VF VOLTAGE SOURCE MICROPROCESSOREEPROM SERIAL BUSINTERFACE SERIAL BUSINTERFACE HIGH VOLTAGE VF DRIVER MICRO- PROCESSOR VACUUM FLUORESCENT 8-CHARACTER SPEAKER REMOTE MOUNT MODELS FUSEFUSE BATT CABLE (GRN) IGN. CABLE (ORG) VIP IN/OUTREMOTE INTERCONNECT BOARD HANDHELD INTERCONNECT BOARD DASH INTERCONNECT BOARD W3 HANDHELD CONTROL HEAD SWITCHES MICROPHONE REMOTE INTERCONNECT BOARD CONTROL HEAD (REMOTE MOUNT) (W5/W7 PUSHBUTTON AND W4 ROTARY MODELS) 8-CHARACTER VACUUM FLUORESCENT DISPLAY MICRO- PROCESSORCONTROL HEAD (DASH MOUNT) (W5/W7 PUSHBUTTON AND W4 ROTARY MODELS) HIGH VOLTAGE VF DRIVER SERIAL BUS INTERFACE DISPLAY DRIVER DISPLAY VACUUM FLUORESCENT 11-CHARACTER HIGH VOLTAGE VF DRIVER CONTROL HEAD (REMOTE MOUNT) (W9 PUSHBUTTON MODEL) TO J0401 50-PINCONTROL HEAD CONNECTOR MAEPF-27633-O TX RX LO SYNTH MIXER 16.8 MHz REF OSC FRACTIONAL N SYNTHESIZER A/D IC 700 BAND PRESELECTOR 800 BAND PRESELECTOR 700 BAND PRESELECTOR 800 BAND PRESELECTOR PREAMP DIRECTIONAL COUPLER DETECTOR LOW PASS FILTER ANTENNA SWITCH TO POWER CONTROL FROM POWER CONTROLTRANSMITTER POWER AMPLIFIERPA DRIVER PREDRIVER TX INJECTION RX LO INJECTION RX INJECTION TX INJECTION MOBILE A+ DISTRIBUTION 73.35 MHz IF AMP 2 POLE XTAL 2 POLE XTAL 800 MHz RX VCO 700 MHz RX VCO 700 MHz TX VCO 800 MHz TX VCO LOOP FILTER MOD IN SPI BUS 16.8 MHz REF CONTROLLERMODULATION D/A BLOCK D/AIC POWER CONTROL AND REGULATORS AUDIO PA CODEC MICROPROCESSOR AND DSP IC FROM MICROPHONE ENCRYPTION BOARD (OPTIONAL) FLASH ROM SRAM ABACUS III RX BACKEND ADC SAMPLE CLOCK SYNTHESIZER CLOCK VCO AND LOOP FILTER 2nd LO VCO AND LOOP FILTER RX DATA IGNITION CABLE FUSE FUSE DASH MOUNT MODELS J0402 26-PIN REAR ACCESSORY CONNECTOR J0401 50-PIN CONTROL HEAD CONNECTOR DC POWER CABLE TO POSITIVE TERMINAL OF VEHICLE BATTERY FREQUENCY GENERATION UNIT RX TX J0950 DC CONNECTOR