Motorola Astro Digitalport Saber Detailed 68p81076c10 A Manual

							 
ª Digital SABERª 
and 
/R 
Portable Radios
Detailed Service Manual 
						

							 
i
 
Table of Contents 
1 - Foreword  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1-1  
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Radio Frequency (RF) Operational Characteristics  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Portable Radio Operation and EME Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Electromagnetic Interference/Compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Safety and General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Operational Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Operational Cautions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Intrinsically Safe Radio Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Manual Revisions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
Computer Software Copyrights  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
Replacement Parts Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Parts Ordering  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Motorola Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Parts Identification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Portable Radio Model Numbering System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
ASTRO Digital SABER Detailed Model Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11
Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-12  
2 - Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2-1  
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
Notations Used in This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2  
3 - General Overview of an ASTRO Digital SABER Radio  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3-1  
Analog Mode of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
ASTRO Mode (Digital Mode) 
of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
Transceiver Board Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
VOCON Board Overview  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3  
4 - Radio Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4-1  
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
B+ Routing for VHF/UHF Transceiver Boards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
B+ Routing for 800MHz Transceiver Boards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
B+ Routing for VOCON Boards and Display Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4  
5 - VHF/UHF Transceiver Board Detailed Theory of Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5-1  
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
Frequency Generation Unit (FGU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
Antenna Switch  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3
Receiver Front End  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3
Receiver Back End . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-4
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5
Harmonic Filter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5
RF Power Amplifier Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5
ALC Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5 
A 
, Motorola, ASTRO, Private-Line, and Digital Private Line are trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
© 2000, 2001 Motorola
Commercial, Government, Industrial Solutions Sector
8000 W. Sunrise Blvd., Fort Lauderdale, FL 33322
All Rights Reserved. Printed in U. S. A. 4/2001.  
Detailed Service Manual
68P81076C10-A 
						

							 
ii
 
6 - 800MHz Transceiver Board Detailed Theory of Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6-1 
Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6-1
Frequency Synthesis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6-1
Antenna Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6-2
Receiver Front End  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6-3
Receiver Back End . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6-4
Transmitter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6-5  
7 - VOCON Board Detailed Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-1 
Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-1
General  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-1
Controller Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-2
Vocoder Section  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-3
Switched Regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-5
RX Signal Path. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-6
TX Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-8
Controller Bootstrap and Asynchronous Buses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-10
Vocoder Bootstrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-11
SPI Bus Interface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-12
Universal Connector and Option Selects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-12
Keypad and Display Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13
Controls and Control Top Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Controller Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-15
Vocoder Memory Map  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-17
MCU System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-19
DSP System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-19
Radio Power-Up/Power-Down Sequence  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7-19 
8 - Secure Modules  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1  
Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8-1
Circuit Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8-2
Troubleshooting
Secure Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8-2
Error 09/10, 
Error 09/90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8-2
Keyload. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8-2  
9 - Troubleshooting Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9-1 
Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9-1
Handling Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9-1
Voltage Measurement and Signal Tracing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9-2
Power-Up Self-Check Errors  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9-3
Power-Up Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9-3
Standard Bias Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9-6  
10 - Troubleshooting Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10-1
11 - Troubleshooting Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11-1 
Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11-1
Waveforms  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11-1  
12 - Troubleshooting Diagrams  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12-1 
Introduction to This Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12-1  
13 - Block Diagrams, Schematics, Electrical Parts Lists, and Circuit Board Details   13-1 
						

							 
iii
 
List of Figures 
Figure 1 . B+ Routing for VHF/UHF Transceiver Boards .................................................................. 4-2
Figure 2. B+ Routing for 800MHz Transceiver Boards .................................................................... 4-3
Figure 3. B+ Routing for Vocoder/Controller (VOCON) Boards .................................................... 4-5
Figure 4. VOCON Board - Controller Section ................................................................................. 7-2
Figure 5. VOCON Board - Vocoder Section .................................................................................... 7-4
Figure 6. DSP RSSI Port - RX Mode ................................................................................................. 7-6
Figure 7. DSP RSSI Port - TX Mode ................................................................................................. 7-8
Figure 8. Host SB9600 and RS232 Ports ........................................................................................ 7-10
Figure 9. Universal Connector ...................................................................................................... 7-12
Figure 10. VOCON Board Connector - J201 ................................................................................... 7-12
Figure 11. Control Top Flex ............................................................................................................ 7-14
Figure 12. Controller Memory Mapping ........................................................................................ 7-16
Figure 13. Vocoder Memory Mapping ............................................................................................ 7-18
Figure 14. Waveform W1 ................................................................................................................ 11-1
Figure 15. Waveform W2 ................................................................................................................ 11-2
Figure 16. Waveform W3 ................................................................................................................ 11-2
Figure 17. Waveform W4 ................................................................................................................ 11-3
Figure 18. Waveform W5 ................................................................................................................ 11-3
Figure 19. Waveform W6 ................................................................................................................ 11-4
Figure 20. Waveform W7 ................................................................................................................ 11-4
Figure 21. Waveform W8 ................................................................................................................ 11-5
Figure 22. Waveform W9 ................................................................................................................ 11-5
Figure 23. Waveform W10 .............................................................................................................. 11-6 
List of Tables 
Table 1. Option Select Functions................................................................................................. 7-13
Table 2. Standard Operating Bias .................................................................................................. 9-6
Table 3. J201 VOCON Board to Universal Connector ................................................................ 12-1
Table 4. J601VOCON Board to Display Board ............................................................................ 12-2
Table 5. J701 VOCON Board to Keypad ...................................................................................... 12-2
Table 6. J1/J401 Transceiver Board to VOCON Board................................................................. 12-2
Table 7. J801 VOCON Board to Encryption Board ..................................................................... 12-3
Table 8. J901 VOCON Board to Control Top Flex ...................................................................... 12-3 
						

							 
iv
 
List of Schematics, Circuit Boards, 
and Parts Lists 
Radio Interconnect Diagram............................................................................................................  13-2
NLD8892R VHF Transceiver Board Schematic Diagram..................................................................  13-3
NLD8892R VHF Transceiver Circuit Board Details and Parts List ...................................................  13-4
NLE4560K UHF Range 1 Transceiver Board Schematic Diagram ....................................................  13-6
NLE4560K UHF Range 1 Transceiver Circuit Board Details and Parts List .....................................  13-7
NLE4244P UHF Range 2 Transceiver Board Schematic Diagram ....................................................  13-9
NLE4244P UHF Range 2 Transceiver Circuit Board Details and Parts List ....................................  13-10
NUF6411K 800 MHz Transceiver Board Schematic Diagram ........................................................  13-12
NUF6411K 800 MHz Transceiver Circuit Board Details and Parts List .........................................  13-13
NTN7749G VOCON (Vocoder/Controller) Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 2....................  13-16
NTN7749G VOCON (Vocoder/Controller) Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 2....................  13-17 
NTN7749G VOCON (Vocoder/Controller) Circuit Board Details & Parts List....................  13-18 
Related Publications 
ASTRO Digital SABER (Model I) User’s Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68P81072C75
ASTRO Digital SABER (Models II and III) User’s Guide   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68P81072C80
ASTRO Digital SABER Portable Radios Basic Service Manual  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68P81076C05 
						

							 
1-1
 
Foreword 
1 
Safety 
SAFETY AND GENERAL INFORMATION
IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON SAFE AND EFFICIENT 
OPERATION
READ THIS INFORMATION BEFORE USING YOUR 
MOTOROLA TWO-WAY RADIO  
The information provided in this document supersedes the general 
safety information contained in user guides published prior to October 
2000. For information regarding radio use in a hazardous atmosphere 
refer to the Factory Mutual (FM) manual supplement included with 
radio models that offer this capability and/or the intrinsic safety radio 
information section of this user manual. 
Radio Frequency (RF) Operational Characteristics 
To transmit (talk) you must push the Push-To-Talk button; 
to receive (listen) you must release the Push-To-Talk button.  
 
When the radio is transmitting, it generates radio frequency (RF) 
energy; when it is receiving, or when it is off, it does not generate RF 
energy. 
Portable Radio Operation and EME Exposure 
Your Motorola radio is designed to comply with the following national 
and international standards and guidelines regarding exposure of 
human beings to radio frequency electromagnetic energy (EME): 
• 
United States Federal Communications Commission, Code of 
Federal 
Regulations; 47 CFR part 2 sub-part J  
• 
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) / Institute of 
Electrical and 
Electronic Engineers (IEEE) C95. 1-1992  
• 
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) C95.1-1999 
Edition 
• 
National Council on Radiation 
Protection and Measurements (NCRP) of the United States, Report 
86, 1986 
• 
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection 
(ICNIRP) 1998 
• 
Ministry of Health (Canada) Safety Code 6. Limits of Human  
						

							 
1-2
 
Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in the 
Frequency Range from 3 kHz to 300 GHz, 1999 
• 
Australian Communications Authority Radiocommunications 
(Electromagnetic Radiation - Human Exposure) Standard 1999 
(applicable to wireless phones only) 
To assure optimal radio performance and make sure human 
exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy is within the 
guidelines set forth in the above standards, always adhere to the 
following procedures: 
Two-way Radio Operation
Body-worn Operation 
To maintain compliance with FCC RF exposure guidelines, if you wear 
a radio on your body when transmitting, always place the radio in  
a 
Motorola approved clip, holder, holster, case, or body 
harness for this product 
. Use of non-Motorola-approved 
accessories may exceed FCC RF exposure guidelines.  
If you do not 
use a Motorola approved body-worn accessory and are not 
using the radio in the intended use positions along side of 
the head in the phone mode or in front of the face in the 
two-way radio mode, then ensure the antenna and radio is 
kept the following minimum distances from the body when 
transmitting: 
• 
Phone or Two-way radio mode: one inch (2.5 centimeters) 
• 
Data operation using any data feature with or without an 
accessory cable: one inch (2.5 centimeters) 
Antenna Care 
Use only the supplied or an approved replacement antenna. 
 
Unauthorized  antennas, modifications, or attachments could damage 
the radio and may violate FCC regulations. 
DO NOT hold the antenna when the radio is “IN USE”.  
Holding the 
antenna affects call quality and may cause the radio to operate at a 
higher power level than needed. 
Approved Accessories 
For a list of approved Motorola accessories look in the appendix or 
accessory section of your radio’s User Guide. When using your radio,  
hold the radio in a 
vertical position with the microphone one to 
two inches (2.5 to 5 centimeters) away from the 
lips.
MAN WITH RA 
						

							 
1-3
 
Electromagnetic Interference/Compatibility 
NOTE: 
Nearly every electronic device is 
susceptible to electromagnetic 
interference (EMI) if inadequately 
shielded, designed or otherwise 
configured for electromagnetic 
compatibility. 
Facilities 
To avoid electromagnetic interference and/or compatibility conflicts, 
turn off your radio in any facility where posted notices instruct you to 
do so. Hospitals or health care facilities may be using equipment that 
is sensitive to external RF energy. 
Aircraft 
When instructed to do so, turn off your radio when on board an 
aircraft. Any use of a radio must be in accordance with applicable 
regulations per airline crew instructions. 
Medical Devices 
• 
Pacemakers 
The Health Industry Manufacturers Association recommends that 
a minimum separation of 6 inches (15 centimeters) be maintained 
between a handheld wireless radio and a pacemaker.These 
recommendations are consistent with those of the U.S. Food and 
Drug Administration.
Persons with pacemakers should: 
• 
ALWAYS keep the radio more than 6 inches (15 centimeters) 
from their pacemaker when the radio is turned ON. 
• 
not carry the radio in the breast pocket. 
• 
use the ear opposite the pacemaker to minimize the potential 
for interference. 
• 
turn the radio OFF immediately if you have any reason to 
suspect that interference is taking place. 
• 
Hearing Aids 
Some digital wireless radios may interfere with some hearing aids. 
In the event of such interference, you may want to consult your 
hearing aid manufacturer to discuss alternatives. 
• 
Other Medical Devices 
If you use any other personal medical device, consult the 
manufacturer of your device to determine if it is adequately 
shielded from RF energy. Your physician may be able to assist you 
in obtaining this information. 
						

							 
1-4
 
SAFETY AND GENERAL 
Use While Driving 
Check the laws and regulations on the use of radios in the area where 
you drive. Always obey them.
When using your radio while driving, please: 
• 
Give full attention to driving and to the road. 
• 
Use hands-free operation, if available. 
• 
Pull off the road and park before making or answering a call if 
driving conditions so require. 
OPERATIONAL WARNINGS 
FOR VEHICLES WITH AN AIR BAG
POTENTIALLY EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES
BLASTING CAPS AND AREAS 
Do not place a portable radio in the area over an air 
bag or in the air bag deployment area. Air bags 
inflate with great force. If a portable radio is placed 
in the air bag deployment area and the air bag 
inflates, the radio may be propelled with great force 
and cause serious injury to occupants of the 
vehicle.
Turn off your radio prior to entering any area with a 
potentially explosive atmosphere, unless it is a radio 
type especially qualified for use in such areas as 
Intrinsically Safe (for example, Factory Mutual, 
CSA, UL, or CENELEC). Do not remove, install, or 
charge batteries in such areas. Sparks in a potentially 
explosive atmosphere can cause an explosion or fire 
resulting in bodily injury or even death. 
NOTE: 
 The areas with potentially explosive 
atmospheres referred to above include fueling areas 
such as below decks on boats, fuel or chemical 
transfer or storage facilities, areas where the air 
contains chemicals or particles, such as grain, dust 
or metal powders, and any other area where you 
would normally be advised to turn off your vehicle 
engine. Areas with potentially explosive 
atmospheres are often but not always posted.
To avoid possible interference with blasting 
operations, turn off your radio when you are near 
electrical blasting caps, in a blasting area, or in areas 
posted: Turn off two-way radio.” Obey all signs and 
instructions.
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W A R N I N G
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W A R N I N G
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W A R N I N G
! 
						

							 
1-5
 
OPERATIONAL CAUTIONS 
ANTENNAS
BATTERIES 
INTRINSICALLY SAFE RADIO INFORMATION 
FMRC Approved Equipment 
Anyone intending to use a radio in a location where hazardous 
concentrations of flammable material exist (hazardous atmosphere) is 
advised to become familiar with the subject of intrinsic safety and with 
the National Electric Code NFPA 70 (National Fire Protection 
Association) Article 500 (hazardous [classified] locations).
An Approval Guide, issued by Factory Mutual Research Corporation 
(FMRC), lists manufacturers and the products approved by FMRC for 
use in such locations. FMRC has also issued a voluntary approval 
standard for repair service (“Class Number 3605”).
FMRC Approval labels are attached to the radio to identify the unit as 
being FM Approved for specified hazardous atmospheres. This label 
specifies the hazardous Class/Division/Group along with the part 
number of the battery that must be used. Depending on the design of 
the portable unit, this FM label can be found on the back or the 
bottom of the radio housing. The FM Approval mark is shown below: 
Do not use any portable radio that has a 
damaged antenna. 
 If a damaged antenna comes 
into contact with your skin, a minor burn can 
result.
All batteries can cause property damage and/or 
bodily injury such as burns if a conductive material 
such as jewelry, keys, or beaded chains touch 
exposed terminals. The 
conductive material may complete an 
electrical circuit (short circuit) and become quite 
hot. Exercise care in handling any charged battery, 
particularly when placing it inside a pocket, purse, 
or other container with metal objects.
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C a u t i o n
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C a u t i o n
FM
APPROVED