Land Rover Range Rover Automatic Transmission System Rover Manual

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© Rover Group 1998Page 15 of 52 2.2.8 Diagnostic interface
2.2.8.1 Pin 31 - Diagnostic line (K line)
The K line is the main interface between the on board electronic control units and external diagnostic
devices as customer specific testers, Scantool, development tools or end of line programmers.
Customer specific testers are used to read diagnostic data from the fault memory, to manipulate
diagnostic data and / or manipulate other data like country variants or calibration data.  Scantools are
used to access the OBDII relevant entries in the fault memory and to manipulate them.
Development tools are used to display and to manipulate random data of the EAT including the fault
memory.
- Component
The physical and transfer layer must be compatible to ISO9141 and ISO9141 CARB.  The EAT 
supports the application and protocol layer of ISO9141 CARB.  Other customer specific 
protocols can be implemented.
- Control unit
- interface characteristicDigital input / output
- signal formSquare wave
- voltage levelscompliant to ISO 9141
- input resistancecompliant to ISO 9141
- data transfer rate10.4 kBaud for CARB diagnostics
Other supported protocols, see relevant specification. 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 16 of 52 2.3 ECU Connector Pin-out
PinFunctionWire ColourPinFunctionWire Colour1Not used29Not used2Not used30Solenoid Valve 1; MV13Not used31K Line (Diagnostic line)4Not used32Solenoid valve 3; MV35Pressure regulator33Solenoid valve 2; MV26Power Ground34Not used7Not used35Not used8Position Switch Line 2 (X)36Position Switch Line 1 (W)9Position Switch Line 4 (Z)  (GS8.87.0 only)37Position Switch Line 3 (Y)10Not used38Not used11Not used39Not used12Not used40Not used13High / Low Range Input41Not used14Output speed sensor -42Output speed sensor +15Output speed sensor screen43Not used16CAN – High44CAN – Low17Not used45Mode Switch18Not used46Not used19Not used47Not used20Not used48Not used21Not used49Not used22Not used50Not used23Not used51MES Line 124Not used52Not used25MES Line 253Supply, Solenoids  & PR26Permanent Battery Supply54Ignition Battery Supply27Not used55Not used28Electronic Ground128 2955 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 17 of 52 2.4 Vehicle connector pin outs
2.4.1 Diagnostic Connector
2.4.2 Harness to Position switch (mounted on Transmission)
1-12V supply
2-Line 1
3-Line 2
4-Line 3
5-Line 4
6-
7-
8-
9-
10 -
2.4.3 Harness to Solenoid Valves (mounted on Transmission)0VPin 4+12VPin 16K LinePin 756123108497 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 18 of 52 3 Description of Functionality
In an Electronic Automatic Transmission, the hydraulic valve block is replaced with an Electronically controlled hydraulic
valve block.  This allows the shift points and valve pressures to be calibrated individually for every possible situation.  The
result is an improvement in shift quality, and increased torque capacity and more flexibility of shift patterns.
The Electronic Control Unit is programmed with software which monitors all the relevant electrical inputs required to decide
what type of shift should be made.  As well as this information, several special features exist within the software to improve
the drivablility and functionality of the Vehicle.
3.1 Special features
3.1.1 Sport Mode.
In order to activate the sport mode, the “mode” button must be pressed whilst the vehicle is in high range.  This will make the
vehicle more responsive to accelerator pedal movement, changing down gears sooner than would be the case in the default
normal mode.
3.1.2 Manual Mode.
In order to activate the manual mode, the “mode” button must be pressed whilst the vehicle is in low range.  This mode is
designed to give improved off road performance.  If the vehicle is in manual mode, the position of the selector will refelect the
gear engaged, rather than the maximum gear required.  For example, if the selector position is in “3” whilst driving in normal
modes, gears 1,2 and 3 will be available  However, in manual mode, if  position “3” is selected, the transmission will select
3rd gear very shortly after pulling away from rest.  Kickdown is disabled in this mode.
3.1.3 Towing / Driving up steep gradients
When the vehicle is in its normal default mode (ie, High range with sport not selected) the transmission will select a shift
pattern approriate the the current conditions.  If either a heavy trailer is being pulled, or a steep gradient is being climbed, the
transmission will hold onto gears longer than would normally be the case to aid performance and drivability.
3.1.4 Compensation for reduced engine torque
In a similar way to the Towing mode, if the vehicle is producing less torque than would normally be the case (high altitude or
very hot air into the engine) then the transmission will hold onto gears longer than would normally be the case.  This is a very
similar situation to towing, but the performance of the vehicle is reduced due to a lack of engine power, rather than the weight
of the vehicle.
3.1.5 Calibration Selection (99MY V8 Range Rover Only)
ECU part numbers differentiate between North America, UK/Euro and Rest of world.  Each ECU contains two calibrations,
4.0l and 4.6l.  When an ECU is fitted to a vehicle, the correct calibration must be selected, or a gearbox fault will be stored,
and “Gearbox fault” will be displayed in the message centre.  The vehicle can be driven in this state, and is not in limp home
mode.  However, vehicles must not be driven for long in this state.
When the correct calibration is selected (4.0l or 4.6l), the fault code memory is deleted automatically.  If the ECU is removed
from the vehicle, the correct calibration is remembered.  For this reason, it is important that if ECU’s are swapped between
vehicles, the correct calibration must be selected. 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 19 of 52 4 Fault finding
If there is a fault with the transmission,  a substitute function will be activated which will allow the vehicle to be driven in
some manner whilst attempting to protect the transmission.  Depending on the fault, the substitute function activated may or
may not be noticeable to the driver.
Abnormal gear shiftingIf a fault exists that will not damage the transmission,  cause inconvienience to the driver or increase the emmisions output of
the vehicle by 15%, there will be no warning lights illuminated but a fault code will be stored.  If a driver does notice the
vehicle is behaiving differently, this could be due to a fault of this type.
Sport and Manual lights flashing togetherIf something has happend which will effect the performance of the transmission, the Sport and Manual lights will flash at the
same time.  This indicates a fault code has been stored.  If this happens to a customer, the first thing the customer should
attempt is to turn off the ignition, and re-start the vehicle.  If the lights continue to flash, the car should be taken to the nearest
Land Rover dealer as soon as possible.
If both lights are flashing, the transmission will have selected a limp-home mode.  Although the vehicle will drive, damage to
the transmission may occur if the fault is not corrected.  When the vehicle is in this state, special care should be taken when
selecting position D.  In absolutly no circumstances should the vehicle be moving backwards when position D is selected.
4.1 Fixing faults
If either of the above conditions are true, the transmission controller should have stored a fault code.  The following is
recommended as the order in which abnormal transmission beaviour should be investigated.
4.1.1 The transmission ECU is disconnected
  The automatic transmission ECU is located under the left hand from seat of 98MY and later Discovery vehicles.  On vehicles
prior to this model year, the transmission is hydraulic and therefore has no controlling electronics.
 
  If the ECU has been disconnected, the transmission will have selected a hydraulic limp-home.  The ECU should be connected
whilst the ignition is off.
4.1.2 The transmission has diagnosed a fault.
  If the software within the transmission ECU has diagnosed there is something wrong with the system, a fault code will be
stored.  If the diagnosed fault is currently active (ie, the transmission can currently not fucntion correctly), the Sport and
Manual lights will flash together.  After a fault code has been stored and the car has completed 40 journeys and the fault has
not happend again, the fault code will be deleted from memory.
 
  If a fault is stored, the vehicle must be interogatted using a TestBook.  The following page lists each fault code and its effect
on the transmission system.
4.1.3 Power to the ECU has been lost or K line not connected.
If the transmission ECU is connected, but the TestBook cannot communicate with the ECU, then the power supply to the ECU
may have been lost or the K line is not connected.  In this instance, the following sequence of events should be followed.
A)Turn the ignition to the off position.
B)Disconnect the transmission ECU.
C)Test the voltage at Pin 26 with a volt meter.  This should read greater than 10V.
D)Measure the resistance to ground with a digital volt meter or equivalent, of pins: 6 and 28.  The resistance 
should be less than 100 ohms.
E)Turn the ignition to position II (normal running position).
F)Test the voltage at Pin 54 with a volt meter.  This should read greater than 10V.
If the above is completed with no strange reading, the ECU’s power supply is OK.  The only possibility is the Diagnostic
connector is not attached to the ECU. To check for this:
G)Measure the resistance between pin 31 of the ECU connector, and pin 7 of the vehicle diagnostic connector 
(see drawing later).  This should be less than 10 ohms. 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 20 of 52 4.2 MIL light illumination (N.A.S. vehicles only)
The illumination of the MIL (Check engine light) is controlled by the following counter.  This counter is only applicable for
MIL (emissions) related faults.  Any faults which prevent the gearbox from requesting the MIL light will automatically
illuminate the MIL light immediately.
Definition of a Warmup:Engine Coolant temperature rises by 16ºC and exceeds 72ºC.1st dc; cranking detected;
fault present
2nd dc; cranking detected
2nd dc; engine running;
fault not present
cranking detected;
fault not present646361624039005958575655545352warm up detected;
fault not present
warm up detected;
fault not presentengine running; fault presentengine running; fault presentfault not present1st dc; cranking detected;
fault not present
1st dc; engine running;
fault not present
2nd dc; cranking detected;
fault not present
2nd dc; engine running;
fault not present
3rd dc; cranking detected;
fault not present
3rd dc; engine running;
fault not presentfault presentfault presentfault presentfault presentfault presentfault presentfault presentfault presentcranking detected;
MIL after 2. dc ignition on; MIL
after 2. dcMIL on immediately (see above)fault presentfault presentcranking detectedMIL OFFMIL ON
fault code deleted 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 21 of 52 5 Fault codes
5.1 Ambient conditions stored
The following lists all fault codes, together with the associated CARB  P code, a description and the ambient conditions saved
with each fault code.   The ambient conditions must be multiplied by the following conversion factors in order to calculate the
ambient conditions present when the fault was diagnosed.
Please note.  The ambient conditions stored with each fault are those at the time of the first occurrence of the fault and are not
updated if the fault re-occurs.  The ambient conditions stored with each fault may change prior to volume.  This will not effect
TestBook, as the ambient conditions of each fault are referenced in the diagnostic protocol.
VariableScaling factorDescriptionAN61 Volt = 4.65
10Solenoid valve 1 voltageAN71 Volt = 4.65
10Solenoid valve 2 voltageAN81 Volt = 4.65
10Solenoid valve 3 voltageAN91 Volt = 4.65
10MES1 voltageAN111 Volt = 4.65
10MES2 voltageMMM2 Nm = 1
10Engine torqueN_MOT32 rpm = 1
10Engine speedUBATT1 Volt = 9.8
10Battery voltageVGT_$X1 km/h = 1
10Output shaft speedYPO_OldL1=Bit 0, L2 = Bit 1 etcPosition switch L1 - L4 inputs5.2 Fault codes descriptions
For the recommended method to diagnose each of the fault codes, please refer to the last section in this document, Fault tree
analysis.
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 31Transmission relay control (Relay sticks, short circuit)P1613AN6AN7UBATTThe transmission controllers supply to the power outputs is faulty.  This could be due to a problem in the harness (short circuit
to 12V of a power output stage), or an internal ECU fault.
Diagnostic operates:Initialisation; approximately 60ms after ignition is switched on.
Normal operation;
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:None
Time between fault present & fault stored:10ms max
Variables used by the diagnostic:Status of Watchdog circuit, Status of Highside switch
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition to be switch on whilst fault not present, engine cranked.
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 32Transmission relay control (Relay sticks, open circuit)P1612AN6AN7UBATTThe transmission controllers supply to the power outputs is faultly.  This could be due to a problem in the harness (short
circuit to 0V), or and internal ECU fault.
Diagnostic operates:Initialisation; approximately 200ms after ignition is switched on
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:Battery voltage > 10.5V
Time between fault present & fault stored:60ms max.
Variables used by the diagnostic:Status of Watchdog circuit, Status of Highside switch
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition to be switched on whilst fault not present, engine cranked. 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 22 of 52 FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 33EEPROM communication faultP1606N_MOTVGT_$XMMMThe ECU cannot communicate with part of its internal memory, ie ECU fault
Diagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:None
Time between fault present & fault stored:1 second
Variables used by the diagnostic:Internal communication between the Processor and the memory
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition to be switched on whilst fault not present, engine cranked.
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 34EEPROM checksum faultP1601N_MOTVGT_$XMMMThe software within the transmission control unit is not recognised.  Part of the software is programmed to recognised if any
changes to the software or calibration have been made.  If this is the case, the transmission will select limphome.
Diagnostic operates:Normal operation
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:Initialisation complete
Time between fault present & fault stored:Max. 1 minute.
Variables used by the diagnostic:Function of all data stored on EPROM
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition switched on whilst fault not present, engine cranked
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 35Torque converter lock-up clutch monitoringP0741N_MOTVGT_$XMMMThe software has detected a potential problem with the torque converter system.
Diagnostic operates:When the Torque converter is locked
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:No Engine speed, Output shaft speed or gear ratio faults active.
Time between fault present & fault stored:5 seconds max.
Variables used by the diagnostic:Engine Speed, Output shaft speed,  Throttle angle, selected gear.
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition switched on whilst fault not present, engine cranked
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 36Watchdog checkP1606N_MOTVGT_$XMMMInternal ECU fault.
Diagnostic operates:Initialisation; approximately 70ms after ignition on.
Normal operation;
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:None
Time between fault present & fault stored:60ms max.
Variables used by the diagnostic:Status of Highside switch, Status of Watchdog circuit.
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition switched on whilst fault not present, engine cranked 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 23 of 52 FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 37Solenoid valve lockup clutch check (short circuit to +)P0743N_MOTAN8UBATTThe transmission ECU has diagnosed a short circuit to 12V of pin 32.
Diagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:Torque converter unlocked
Time between fault present & fault stored:10ms
Variables used by the diagnostic:Voltage at Pin 32
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Initialisation complete, engine cranked, diagnostic runs & fault not present
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 38Solenoid valve 1check (short circuit to +)P0753N_MOTAN6UBATTThe transmission ECU has diagnosed a short circuit to 12V  of pin 30.
Diagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:Solenoid valve 1 = off
Time between fault present & fault stored:10ms
Variables used by the diagnostic:Voltage at Pin30
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Initialisation complete, engine cranked, diagnostic runs & fault not present
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 39Solenoid valve 2check (short circuit to +)P0758N_MOTAN7UBATTThe transmission ECU has diagnosed a short circuit to 12V  of pin 33.
Diagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:Solenoid valve 2 = off
Time between fault present & fault stored:10ms
Variables used by the diagnostic:Voltage at Pin 33
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Initialisation complete, engine cranked, diagnostic runs & fault not present
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 310Pressure regulator check (short circuit to +)P0748N_MOTVGT_$XUBATTThe transmission ECU has diagnosed a short circuit to 12V  of pin 5.
Diagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:None
Time between fault present & fault stored:150ms
Variables used by the diagnostic:Voltage at Pin 5
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Initialisation complete, engine cranked, diagnostic runs & fault not present
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 311CAN message MD_REIB invalid (FFh)P1884N_MOTVGT_$XMMMThe CAN message from the engine management controller which informs the transmission of the engine friction is invalid.
Diagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:No CAN timeout or CAN level fault stored
Time between fault present & fault stored:Filter time 2.5s
Variables used by the diagnostic:CAN message MD_REIB from engine management controller
Will limp home mode be selected:No
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Engine started with fault no present 
						

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© Rover Group 1998Page 24 of 52 FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 312MES line 1 faultP1810N_MOTAN9UBATTOne of the wires which drives the sport and manual lights in the instrument pack has an electrical fault.
Diagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:None
Time between fault present & fault stored:1 s
Variables used by the diagnostic:Voltage at 51
Will limp home mode be selected:No
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition on with fault not present
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 313MES line 2 faultP1810N_MOTAN11UBATTOne of the wires which drives the sport and manual lights in the instrument pack has an electrical fault.
Diagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:None
Time between fault present & fault stored:1 s
Variables used by the diagnostic:Voltage at pin 25
Will limp home mode be selected:No
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition on with fault not present
FaultDescriptionCARBAmbient 1Ambient 2Ambient 314Position switch monitoring (permanent)P0705N_MOTYPO_OLdUBATTThe position switch is the electrical input to the transmission controller of the driver selected PRiNDle position.  The fault
means the ECU has recognised an electrical code from this switch which does not represent a valid position.
The fault can be due to 3 reasons.  Firstly, one or more of the wires to the position switch has become open circuit or short
circuit to 0V or 12V.  Secondly, the 12V supply from the body control unit to the position switch has been removed whilst the
ignition is in position II (in extreme circumstances, this may be possible whilst the vehicle is cranking).  Thirdly, the position
switch is worn, or has water / dirt ingress.  In the last case, the position switch must be changed.  The following table indiates
the voltages which should be seen by the ECU in each selector position, whilst the ignition is on.
98MY Discovery selector codes.  (A Z* code in this table represents an intermediate selector position.)
Position SwitchECU PinSelector PositionPZ1RZ1NZ2DZ33Z42Z41Line 1 (W)3612V12V-12V12V12V12V12V-----Line 2 (X)8-12V12V12V12V--12V12V----Line 3 (Y)37----12V12V12V12V12V12V-12V12Line 4 (Z)9------12V12V12V12V12V12V-99MY Range Rover selector codes.
Position SwitchECU PinSelector PositionPRND321Line 1 (W)360V0V>>0V0V>Line 2 (X)8>0V0V0V0V>>Line 3 (Y)37>>>0V0V0V0VDiagnostic operates:Continuously
Conditions to be met to run Diagnostic:None
Time between fault present & fault stored:100 ms
Variables used by the diagnostic:W,X,Y, (Z) digital inputs
Will limp home mode be selected:Yes
Conditions to be met to clear the fault:Ignition to be switched on whilst fault not present, engine cranked.