Land Rover Range Rover Automatic Transmission System Rover Manual
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Page 10 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover TCM FAULT CODE DIAGNOSIS CODE: 01 FTGR, Solenoid supply malfunction EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION This fault code is associated with the internal relay of the TCM. This relay provides a means of inter- rupting power to the solenoids, allowing the transmission to revert to a mechanical default condition. The relay and associated circuitry is tested once during initialization and whenever a hardware reset occurs. When the ignition is first switched on. the TCM carries out an initialization routine. During this routine the processor drives the relay ON and then tests for the supply voltage on the output via a feedback path. If the supply voltage is not seen within a specific time, a fault is flagged; the TCM will run in default mode and code 01 will be stored. A set time after the relay is turned on, it is turned off and the processor then tests for the supply voltage again. If voltage is still present, the TCM will then run in default mode and code 01 will be stored. Note: The ignition supply voltage must be greater than 8V for a fault code to be stored. CAUSE The internal relay contacts may be damaged or the relay may not be responding to its control signals. REPAIR Check pin 19 for battery voltage once pin 1 has received battery voltage with the ignition on. If no voltage is present on pin 19 and the relay can not be heard ªclickingº, then a new TCM is re- quired. If this fault is permanently flagged, the TCM should be replaced taking care to obtain the correctly programmed TCM. CODE: 02 FEPROM1, TCM data corrupted EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION On each power-up, the TCM analyzes its internal Read Only Memory (ROM) and checks that its contents are correct by calculating the contents for a specified length and comparing this value with the checksum value stored in ROM. When the two disagree on three attempts, the TCM will flag a code 28. The ROM contains the program which runs the TCM and calculates the upshift and downshift points together with all the diagnostics on the TCM and its associated sensors. The TCM will also analyze its Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM). This area of memory is kept alive even when the TCM is disconnected to determine if the stored conditions for freeze frame and stored DTCs are correct. When the checksum values for this area of memory also disagree, then the TCM will flag a code 2. CAUSE The TCM data has become corrupted and the information it contains cannot be relied upon.
Page 11 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover REPAIR Renew the TCM and verify that everything works correctly. CODE: 05 FDKI, Throttle angle malfunction EFFECT: Substitute throttle angle of 30% DESCRIPTION Incorrect TPS information from the ECM can result in erratic shifts or no kickdown. This information is transmitted to the TCM in the form of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal. This signal should normally have a duty cycle of 5% to 94%. CAUSE This fault will be flagged if the duty cycle is outside of the 5% to 94% range for more than 50 ms with the engine rpm greater than 580 rpm. Intermittent connections at either the ECM, TCM or in- line connectors C551 and C659 can be the cause of this fault. REPAIR Verify that the TPS signal to the ECM is good; if not, then false signals will also be sent to the TCM. Check the following connectors for any sign of loose connections or terminals backing out: ECM connector C505 pin 27. TCM connector C601 pin 47. In-line connectors C551 pin 5 and C659 pin 7. CODE: 06 FMV1, Shift solenoid A malfunction EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION A different gear may be encountered momentarily, i.e.: First gear is engaged when second is selected. Second gear engages when first is selected. Third gear engages when fourth is selected. Fourth gear engages when third is selected. CAUSE Open circuits or shorts in the wiring of the MV1 solenoid REPAIR Check the continuity of the wiring from the TCM to the transmission connector and also the resis- tance of the MV1 solenoid. See figure 1 for assistance with the transmission connector pinouts and resistance of the solenoid.
Page 12 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover CODE: 07 FMV2, Shift solenoid B malfunction EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION A different gear may be encountered momentarily, i.e.: First gear engages when fourth is selected. Second gear engages when third is selected. Third gear is engaged when first is selected. Fourth gear engages when first is selected. Reverse gear does not engage. CAUSE Open circuits or shorts in the wiring of the MV2 solenoid REPAIR Check the continuity of the wiring from the TCM to the transmission connector and also the resis- tance of the MV2 solenoid. See figure 1 for assistance with the transmission connector pinouts and resistance of the solenoid. CODE: 09 FPRGANGZ1, Mode output 1 EFFECT: No noticeable effect DESCRIPTION Because the MES lines are an output to the BeCM they do not create a failure mode in the TCM. The following symptoms may be evident if the MES lines fail open or are shorted. Sport is recognized by the BeCM as a fault. Economy is recognized by the BeCM as low range manual. Manual is recognized by the BeCM as Economy. CAUSE Open circuits or shorts in the wiring of the MES lines from the TCM to BeCM. REPAIR Verify that the MES lines have good continuity and no shorts are evident.
Page 13 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover CODE: 10 FPRGANZ2, Mode output 2 EFFECT: No noticeable effect DESCRIPTION Because the MES lines are an output to the BeCM they do not create failure mode in the TCM. The following symptoms may be evident if the MES lines fail open or are shorted. Sport is recognized by the BeCM as a fault. Economy is recognized by the BeCM as low range manual. Manual is recognized by the BeCM as Economy. CAUSE Open circuits or shorts in the wiring of the MES lines from the TCM to BeCM. REPAIR Verify that the MES lines have good continuity and no shorts are evident. CODE: 12 FDKT, Throttle angle electrical short EFFECT: Substitute throttle angle of 30% DESCRIPTION Incorrect TPS information from the ECM can result in erratic shifts or no kickdown. This informa- tion is transmitted to the TCM in the form of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal. This signal should normally have a duty cycle of 5% to 94%. CAUSE This fault will be flagged if the duty cycle is outside of the 5% to 94% range for more than 50 ms with the engine rpm greater than 580 rpm. Intermittent connections at either the ECM, TCM or in- line connectors C551 and C659 can be the cause of this fault. REPAIR Verify that the TPS signal to the ECM is good; if not, then false signals will also be sent to the TCM. Check the following conectors for any sign of loose connections or terminals backing out: ECM connector C505 pin 27. TCM connector C601 pin 47. In-line connectors C551 pin 5 and C659 pin 7.
Page 14 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover CODE: 13 FMVWK, TCC output state does not match command state EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION TCC does not engage in third or fourth gears. TCC does not disengage causing vibrations at lower engine speeds and stalling when coming to a stop. CAUSE Open circuits or shorts in the wiring of the TCC solenoid. REPAIR Check the continuity of the wiring from the TCM to the transmission connector and also the resistance of the TCC solenoid. See figure 1 for assistance with the transmission connector pinouts and resistance of the solenoid. CODE: 20 FPLUSMV, Solenoid supply malfunction EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION Problems encountered with gearboxes selecting limp home mode and having stored code 20 are an indication that the control unit is receiving insufficient battery voltage to enable the solenoid supply rail, pin 19. To get this fault, the internal relay must have already energized, which means that the TCM sup- ply voltage must be greater than 10.5V at ignition switch on. However, during cranking this volt- age may drop and adversely affect the solenoid supply line. Communications problems may also be evident with the TCM and Gear box. Fault messages with no codes stored can occur. CAUSE Insufficient voltage to pin 1 during cranking or normal operation. REPAIR Check BeCM supply studs for battery voltage, (located on the side of the BeCM next to the fuses). Ensure that the voltage at these studs is the same as the voltage at the battery terminals. If not, investigate chassis grounds for looseness, corrosion or wiring problems and ensure the BeCM supply stud connections are electrically good. Locate BeCM connector C625 pin 3 and do a voltage drop test from this pin to the battery supply stud with the NLG wire attached to it (just to the left of the fuses). If more than 0.3 volts are dropped across these connections, then there is an internal problem with the BeCM. Replace BeCM.
Page 15 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover CODE: 21 FN_MOT, Engine speed, no signal EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION Can be caused by the engine stalling out while in gear, or by CPS signals not being reliably re- ceived by the ECM. CAUSE This fault is flagged if the engine exceeds 6100 rpm for more than 300 ms. In addition, if the engine speed drops below 95 rpm and the selected gear is not Park or Neutral while the output speed sen- sor signal is greater than 300 rpm, then the fault will be flagged if its duration is longer than 200 ms. REPAIR Verify that the CPS is not loose in its mounting on the block and its electrical connections are good. Check that the engine speed signal is being received by the TCM from the ECM via the BeCM. Failure of the BeCM can result in the loss of this signal. Check BeCM connections C625 pin 11 and C112 pin 9 for signs of a signal. CODE: 22 FDR, Pressure control regulator EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION Harsh shifts as maximum pressure is applied due to lack of pressure regulation. CAUSE Open circuits or shorts in the wiring of the TCC solenoid. REPAIR Check the continuity of the wiring from the TCM to the transmission connector and also the resis- tance of the pressure regulator solenoid. See figure 1 for assistance with the transmission connector pinouts and resistance of the solenoid. CODE: 23 FME, Engine torque reduction EFFECT: Poor shift quality - Maximum pressure on shifts DESCRIPTION This output from the TCM is a PWM signal that has an idle duty cycle of 17% (ignition retard inac- tive) and a normal driving duty cycle of 20% to 90% (ignition retard of 0 to 27.8 degrees). Extreme cold conditions and immediate start/drive away with transmission still cold can sometimes induce Code 23. Harsh shifts due to no ignition retard control.
Page 16 of 24 Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms CODE :24 FRSS, Output speed senso r, signal out of range CODE :26 FT_ T, Engine torque signal out of range
Page 17 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover CAUSE The ignition retard line from the ECM to the TCM will have a PWM signal to identify any ignition retard requests during normal operation of the TCM. This line will also indicate a fault condition when the TCM sends a PWM of less than 10% or greater than 93% and the engine speed is above 448 rpm REPAIR Check the following connectors for any sign of loose connectors or terminals backing out. ECM connector C505 pin 29. TCM connector C601 pin 21. In-line connectors C551 pin 5 and C659 pin 1. CODE: 27 FFSTBR, Output speed sensor, no signal EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION By comparing the engine speed while in gear and checking for the signal from the output speed sensor, it can be determined if the sensor is operational. The diagnostic monitors for zero rpm from the sensor while the engine speed is above 2000 rpm and a forward gear is selected. If the fault condition lasts for 50 ms, then the fault will be flagged. The engine speed and torque are used by the TCM to determine input shaft speed. When the torque converter locks up, engine speed equals input speed. Erratic, harsh or elongated shifts can result. CAUSE The output speed sensor provides the information necessary for the TCM to calculate the pressure needed for any shift and also for the length of the shift. The TCM compares the engine speed to output speed for a measure of slip. Mechanical slip due to excessive internal wear on the clutches can also cause a large difference between engine speed input and output speed. REPAIR Check the continuity of the wiring from the TCM to the transmission connector and also the resis- tance of the output speed sensor. Check output sensor screen wires for shorts to output sensor wiring. See figure 1 for assistance with the transmission connector pinouts and resistance of the output speed sensor. Verify the mechanical condition of the transmission and check transmission fluid for contamination.
Page 18 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover CODE: 28 FEPROM, TCM data corrupted EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION On each power-up the TCM analyzes its internal Read Only Memory (ROM) and checks that its contents are correct by calculating the contents for a specified length and comparing this value with the checksum value stored in ROM. When the two disagree on three attempts, the TCM will flag a code 28. The ROM contains the program which runs the TCM and calculates the upshift and downshift points together with all the diagnostics on the TCM and its associated sensors. The TCM will also analyze its Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), which is an area of memory that is kept alive even when the TCM is disconnected. This memory is used to determine that the stored conditions of freeze frame and DTCs are correct. The same conditions apply for flagging a fault in the EEPROM as in the ROM. CAUSE The TCM data has become corrupted and the information it contains cannot be relied upon. REPAIR Renew the TCM and verify everything works correctly. CODE: 30 FPOS, Gear position switch inaccurate while running EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION During normal operation the gear position is read from the XYZ switches. This information is also read by the BeCM so it can enable/disable cranking and display the currently selected gear on the message center. If the lever position does not return the correct selection then the BeCM, TCM and H-GATE will re- ceive incorrect information. If the wiring between the XYZ switches and the TCM is good but the wiring between the XYZ switches and the BeCM or H-GATE is faulty, no fault code woud set but a gear indication problem would exist. The table on the following page helps to identify the reaction of the BeCM, TCM and H-GATE to false information from the XYZ switches. The first column is the reaction to the system when Park is selected, the second when Reverse is selected and so on.
Page 19 of 24 1-13 Operation Pride Automatic Transmission Diagnostics - Electrical Symptoms Model: 1995-97 Range Rover StatusPRND321 Normal P R N D 3 2 1 X o/c Z N N D D 1 1 Y o/c P P Z 1 2 2 1 Z o/c P R N N R P Z X s/c gnd P R R 3 3 2 2 Y s/c gndRRND33D Z s/c gnd 2 3 D D 3 2 1 X s/c bat Z N N D D 1 1 Y s/c bat P P Z 1 2 2 1 Z s/c bat P R N N R P Z Note:Bold selections indicate a failure condition, Z is an open circuit condition on all switch positions and is not normally seen. The TCM will store fault 30 when a fault condition has been seen for more than 50 ms. CAUSE The status information from the XYZ switches is incorrect due to either an open circuit switch or shorts in the wiring from the switches. A misadjusted mechanical selector can cause the switch position to be different from the mechan- ically selected position. REPAIR Check the gear position on the PRNDL, message center and from the gearbox diagnostic in the real time monitor section on TestBook. Verify they all return the same information as the lever is moved through all possible combinations. Check mechanical selector for correct positioning. CODE: 31 FPOSST, Gear position switch inaccurate while starting EFFECT: Limp home in third or fourth DESCRIPTION During normal operation the gear position is read from the XYZ switches. This information is also read by the BeCM so it can enable/disable cranking and display the currently selected gear on the message center. The TCM will check the probability of this fault once only during cranking, when the engine speed exceeds a specific threshold (96 rpm). If during this time the TCM detects anything other than Park or Neutral for more than 50 ms, then a fault code 31 will be stored. CAUSE The status information from the XYZ switches is incorrect due to either an open circuit switch, or shorts on the wiring from the switches. A misadjusted mechanical selector can cause the switch position to be different from the mechan- ically selected position.