Land Rover Defender 00my Owners Handbook Rover

							Traction control
68 ELECTRONIC TRACTION CONTROL
(if fitted)
The purpose of electronic traction control is to
aid traction when one wheel spins while the
other still has good grip, eg. if one side of the
vehicle is on ice and the other is on tarmac.
The system works by applying the brake to a
spinning wheel in order to transfer torque to
the other side of the axle.
NOTE:Traction control only operates below
approximately 30 mph (50 km/h).
The instrument panel has a traction control
warning light (TC) which illuminates whenever
the system is active (for a minimum of 2
seconds) and also illuminates as a bulb check
(for approximately 4 seconds) when the
starter switch is turned to position II. In the
unlikely event that traction control operates
continuously for too long (in excess of
approximately 1 minute), then the control unit
shuts down to allow cooling and the warning
light flashes for at least ten seconds.
If there is a fault with the system, then the
warning light will illuminate continuously -
contact your dealer at the earliest opportunity. 
						

							Towing & load carrying
69 TOWING
WARNING
If a Nato Hook or a Jaw and Pintle type
towing accessory is to be fitted to your
vehicle, DO NOT attach them directly to the
chassis rear cross-member - it is essential
that an adapter plate kit (available from a
Land Rover dealer) is also fitted.
The torque ranges of Land Rover engines
allow maximum-weight loads to be pulled
smoothly from standstill, and reduce gear
changing on hills or rough terrain.
The suspension is designed to cope with a
heavy trailer load without upsetting the
balance or feel of the vehicle.
WARNING
Only fit towing accessories that have been
designed and approved by Land Rover.
Ensure that the gross weight and maximum
rear axle weight are not exceeded.
When preparing your vehicle for towing,
always pay careful attention to the trailer
manufacturers recommendations and the
following guidelines.
·Ensure that the towing vehicle tyre
pressures are correct and that the trailer
tyre pressures are as recommended by the
trailer manufacturer.
·With the trailer and vehicle unladen,
balance the combination so that the trailer
draw-bar and the hitch point on the vehicle
are at the same height. Adjust the height
of the hitch point if necessary.
·Check the operation of trailer brakes and
lights.
·For maximum stability, ensure that loads
are properly secured and unable to shift
position during transit. Also, position
loads so that most of the weight is placed
close to the floor and, where possible,
immediately above or close to the trailer
axle(s).
·After loading the trailer, check that the
weight on the hitch point (this is called the
draw-bar loading weight, or nose weight),
is in accordance with the manufacturers
recommendations.
·When calculating the laden weight of the
trailer, remember to include the weight of
the trailer PLUS THE LOAD.
·Where the load weight can be divided
between trailer and tow vehicle, loading
more weight into the vehicle will generally
improve the stability of the combination.
·A smooth start will be achieved with
trailers over 2000 kg (4400 lb) by moving
off in LOW range, then changing to HIGH
range while on the move (see Transfer
gearbox). 
						

							Towing & load carrying
70
NOTE:Towing regulations vary from country to country. It is very important to ensure that
national regulations governing towing weights and speed limits are observed (refer to the relevant
national motoring organisation for information). The following maximum permissible towed
weights refer to the vehicles design limitations and NOT to any specific territorial restriction.
Maximum permissible towed weights On-road kg Off-road kg
Unbraked trailers 750........................................................................ 500
Trailers with overrun brakes 3500...................................................... 1000
4 wheel trailers with coupled brakes 3500.......................................... 1000
NOSE WEIGHT
The recommended trailer nose weight limit is
150 kg (330 lb). The nose weight plus the
combined weight of the vehicles load carrying
area and rear seat passengers, must never
exceed the maximum rear axle load or the
gross vehicle weight (as shown in General
data).
WARNING
DO NOT carry unsecured equipment, tools or
luggage which could move and cause
personal injury in the event of an accident or
emergency manoeuvre, either on or off
road.VEHICLE WEIGHTS
When loading a vehicle to its maximum (gross
vehicle weight), consideration must be taken
of the unladen vehicle weight and the
distribution of the load to ensure that axle
loadings do not exceed the permitted
maximum values.
It is your responsibility to limit the vehicle
load in such a way that neither the maximum
axle loads nor the gross vehicle weight are
exceeded (see General data). 
						

							Towing & load carrying
71 Coupled braking systems
In order to tow a trailer with a weight in
excess of 3,500 kg, the vehicle must be
adapted to operate a coupled brake system. If
this adaptation is carried out, the vehicle
identification number plate (VIN) must be
changed to show the increased train weight.
Revised VIN plates may be obtained from
Land Rover; these will be issued subject to
satisfactory proof that the vehicle has been
fitted with an approved conversion.
NOTE:Above 300 metres (1,000 feet) the
effects of altitude can adversely affect engine
performance and also cause overheating.
Trailer socket
When the engine is running, power
consumption from trailer socket must NOT
exceed 5 amps.
ROOF RACK
ALWAYS use an approved roof rack and
follow the manufacturers fitting instructions
carefully. A full list of all available accessories
is available from your Land Rover dealer.
WARNING
ALWAYS consult your dealer for advice
regarding the approval, suitability,
installation and use of any parts or
accessories before fitting.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
·The MAXIMUM roof rack load is
150 kg.
·A loaded roof rack can reduce the
stability of the vehicle, particularly
when cornering and encountering
cross winds.
·All loads should be evenly
distributed, and secured within the
periphery of the rack.
·Always secure the load to the side
rails, not just to the cross rails.
·Driving off-road with a loaded roof
rack is not recommended. If it is
necessary to stow luggage on the
roof rack while driving off-road, all
loads MUST be removed before
traversing side slopes.
·Only fit roof racks that have been
designed for your vehicle. If in
doubt, consult your dealer. 
						

							Emergency starting
72 Starting an engine with a discharged battery
The ONLY recommended methods of
restarting a vehicle with a discharged battery
are:
·The use of a substitute battery fitted to the
disabled vehicle.
·The use of booster cables to connect the
battery from a donor vehicle to the
discharged battery.
USING BOOSTER CABLES
WARNING
Batteries emit explosive hydrogen gas -
keep sparks and naked lights away from the
battery compartment.
Make sure BOTH batteries are of the same
voltage (12 volts), and that the booster
cables have insulated clamps and are
approved for use with 12 volt batteries.
DO NOT connect positive (+) terminals to
negative (-) terminals, and ensure booster
cables are kept away from any moving parts
in the engine compartment.
Take care when working near rotating parts
of the engine.Always adopt the following procedure when
using booster cables:.
1.If a donor vehicle is to be used, both
vehicles should be parked with their
battery locations adjacent to each other.
Ensure that the two vehicles do not touch.
2.Apply the handbrakes and ensure that the
transmission of both vehicles is set in
neutral (P or Park for donor vehicles with
automatic transmission).
3.Turn off the starter switch and ALL
electrical equipment of BOTH vehicles.
4.Connect the RED booster cable between
the positive (+) terminal of the donor
battery and the positive (+) terminal of the
discharged battery.
5.Connect the BLACK booster cable from the
negative (-) terminal of the donor battery
to a good earthing point on the disabled
vehicle (eg. an engine mounting or other
unpainted metal surface) - at least 0.5m
away from the battery and well away from
fuel and brake lines.For safety reasons,
DO NOT connect this cable to the
negative terminal of the discharged
battery.
6.Check that the booster cables are clear of
any moving parts in either engine, then
start the engine of the donor vehicle and
allow it to idle for a few minutes.
7.Now start the vehicle with the discharged
battery. 
						

							Emergency starting
73 8.Once both engines are running normally,
allow them to idle for two minutes before
switching off the engine of the donor
vehicle and disconnecting the booster
cables. DO NOT switch on any electrical
circuits on the previously disabled vehicle
until AFTER the booster cables have been
removed.
9.Disconnecting the booster cables must be
an EXACT reversal of the connecting
procedure,ie; disconnect the BLACK
cable from the earthing point on the
disabled vehicle FIRST. 
						

							Vehicle recovery
74 VEHICLE RECOVERY
If it is necessary to recover the vehicle by
towing, always adhere to the following
procedure:
Towing the vehicle (on four-wheels)
1.Set the main gearbox and transfer box in
neutral.
2.Ensure the differential lock is in the
unlocked position.
3.Turn the starter switch to the first position
to unlock the steering and leave in this
position while the vehicle is being towed.
4.Secure the towing attachment to the
vehicle.
5.Release the handbrake.
NOTE:If, due to an accident or electrical fault
it is not considered safe to turn the starter
switch, the battery must be disconnected.
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
DO NOT attempt to tow the vehicle unless
the starter switch is turned to position I
(to unlock the steering).
·DO NOT attempt to remove the
starter key or turn the switch to
position 0 while the vehicle is in
motion.
·Without the engine running, the
brake servo and power steering
pump cannot provide assistance.
Greater brake pedal and steering
effort are therefore necessary to
safely control the vehicle.Suspended tow
WARNING
Your vehicle has permanent four wheel
drive - the propeller shaft MUST be removed
from the axle to be trailed.
If the front axle is to be trailed ALWAYS
adhere to the following precautions:
·Ensure the four bolts securing the front
propeller shaft to the gearbox are tightly
secured with the appropriate nuts after
disconnecting the propeller shaft -
otherwise serious damage to the gearbox
may occur.
·Unlock the steering.
·Secure the steering wheel and/or linkage
in the straight ahead position - the
steering lock MUST NOT be used for this
purpose.
WARNING
The propeller shaft MUST only be
reconnected by a qualified Land Rover
engineer. Contact your Land Rover dealer
for further information. 
						

							Vehicle recovery
75
Transporter or trailer lashing
Use the towing rings on the front and rear
cross members as lashing points (see
illustration). DO NOT secure lashing hooks or
trailer fixings to any other part of the vehicle. 
						

							Ancillary equipment
76 Winches
A number of different winches, suited to jobs
ranging from vehicle recovery to haulage, can
be fitted to your Defender. For further
information on the types of winch available
and their various uses, contact your Land
Rover dealer.
As winch operation will vary considerably on
different winch units, it is essential that the
manufacturers operating instructions are
understood and followed carefully.
Winch safety
WARNING
If used incorrectly, winches can be
extremely dangerous.
ALWAYS follow the manufacturers
operating instructions carefully.
NEVER stand near, or astride a winching
cable whilst it is under tension.
ALWAYS wear protective gloves when
handling winching cables.In addition;
·DO NOT attempt to continue winching if
the winch has stalled due to overloading.
·Inspect the winch and cable regularly -
ALWAYS have worn or damaged parts
replaced immediately.
·Only use recommended replacement parts
of the same specification as the original
equipment - failure to do so may not only
damage the winch, but may cause serious
personal injury.
After winching
Whilst wearing thick, protective gloves, clean
and lubricate the cable with a recommended
cable lubricant. For further information,
consult your Land Rover dealer.
WARNING
NEVER allow a cable to kink, coil or overlap.
NOTE:If a capstan winch is used, ensure the
rope is cleaned and dried before stowing. 
						

							Ancillary equipment
77 Power take-off drives
Your Defender is capable of providing a static
or mobile power source, which can be used to
power generators, compressors, pumps and
other ancillary equipment, mounted on or
under the vehicle, by means of shaft, belt or
hydraulic drive. This is possible by having a
power take-off drive unit fitted to the transfer
gearbox. This provides the basic drive for
several variations of power take-off layouts.
The power take-off capability is an integral
part of the vehicle design and has been tried
and tested under the most rigorous and
demanding conditions across the world. Land
Rover dealers provide a full range of power
take-off drive units and accessories, designed
and built for the Defender.For static operation, select neutral in the
transfer gearbox to disconnect the drive to the
road wheels - it is then possible to operate the
power take-off independently. The forward
gears and hand throttle (if fitted) can now be
used to control the operating speed. To
prevent the transmission from being
overloaded, it is recommended that the
highest gear possible should be used.
The lower gears can be used when lower
operating speeds are required, but they
should only be used for light workloads and
for short periods of time.
If power take-off is being used while the
vehicle is moving, it will operate at a speed in
direct proportion to the road speed of the
vehicle and to the selected transfer gear ratio.
For more information on the use of power
take-off drives and equipment, consult your
Land Rover dealer.