Husqvarna 435 Xtorq Owners Manual
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS English – 11115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 Cutting equipment This section describes how to choose and maintain your cutting equipment in order to: • Reduce the risk of kickback. • Reduce the risk of the saw chain breaking or jumping off the bar. • Obtain optimal cutting performance. • Extend the life of cutting equipment. • Avoid increasing vibration levels. General rules •Only use cutting equipment recommended by us! See instructions under the heading Technical data. •Keep the chain’s cutting teeth properly sharpened! Follow our instructions and use the recommended file gauge. A damaged or badly sharpened chain increases the risk of accidents. •Maintain the correct depth gauge setting! Follow our instructions and use the recommended depth gauge clearance. Too large a clearance increases the risk of kickback. •Keep the chain properly tensioned! If the chain is slack it is more likely to jump off and lead to increased wear on the bar, chain and drive sprocket. •Keep cutting equipment well lubricated and properly maintained! A poorly lubricated chain is more likely to break and lead to increased wear on the bar, chain and drive sprocket. Cutting equipment designed to reduce kickback The only way to avoid kickback is to make sure that the kickback zone of the bar never touches anything. By using cutting equipment with ”built-in” kickback reduction and keeping the chain sharp and well- maintained you can reduce the effects of kickback. Bar The smaller the tip radius the lower the chance of kickback. Chain A chain is made up of a number of links, which are available in standard and low-kickback versions. Some terms that describe the bar and chain To maintain the safety features of the cutting equipment, you should replace a worn or damaged bar or chain with a bar and chain combinations recommended by Husqvarna. See instructions under the heading Technical Data for a list of replacement bar and chain combinations we recommend. Bar •Length (inches/cm) • Number of teeth on bar tip sprocket (T). • Chain pitch (inches). The spacing between the drive links of the chain must match the spacing of the teeth on the bar tip sprocket and drive sprocket. ! WARNING! Faulty cutting equipment or the wrong combination of bar and saw chain increases the risk of kickback! Only use the bar/saw chain combinations we recommend, and follow the filing instructions. See instructions under the heading Technical data. IMPORTANT! No saw chain design eliminates the danger of kickback. ! WARNING! Any contact with a rotating saw chain can cause extremely serious injuries.
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 12 – English115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 •Number of drive links. The number of drive links is determined by the length of the bar, the chain pitch and the number of teeth on the bar tip sprocket. • Bar groove width (inches/mm). The groove in the bar must match the width of the chain drive links. • Chain oil hole and hole for chain tensioner. The bar must be matched to the chain saw design. Chain •Chain pitch (inches) • Drive link width (mm/inches) • Number of drive links. Sharpening your chain and adjusting depth gauge setting General information on sharpening cutting teeth •Never use a blunt chain. When the chain is blunt you have to exert more pressure to force the bar through the wood and the chips will be very small. If the chain is very blunt it will produce wood powder and no chips or shavings. • A sharp chain eats its way through the wood and produces long, thick chips or shavings. • The cutting part of the chain is called the cutter and consists of a cutting tooth (A) and the depth gauge (B). The cutters cutting depth is determined by the difference in height between the two (depth gauge setting). When you sharpen a cutting tooth there are four important factors to remember. 1 Filing angle 2 Cutting angle 3 File position 4 Round file diameter It is very difficult to sharpen a chain correctly without the right equipment. We recommend that you use our file gauge. This will help you obtain the maximum kickback reduction and cutting performance from your chain. See instructions under the heading Technical data for information about sharpening your chain.
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS English – 13115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 Sharpening cutting teeth To sharpen cutting teeth you will need a round file and a file gauge. See instructions under the heading Technical data for information on the size of file and gauge that are recommended for the chain fitted to your chain saw. • Check that the chain is correctly tensioned. A slack chain will move sideways, making it more difficult to sharpen correctly. • Always file cutting teeth from the inside face. Reduce the pressure on the return stroke. File all the teeth on one side first, then turn the chain saw over and file the teeth on the other side. • File all the teeth to the same length. When the length of the cutting teeth is reduced to 4 mm (0.16") the chain is worn out and should be replaced. General advice on adjusting depth gauge setting •When you sharpen the cutting tooth (A) the depth gauge setting (C) will decrease. To maintain optimal cutting performance the depth gauge (B) has to be filed down to achieve the recommended depth gauge setting. See instructions under the heading Technical data to find the correct depth gauge setting for your particular chain. Adjustment of depth gauge setting •The cutting teeth should be newly sharpened before adjusting the depth gauge setting. We recommend that you adjust the depth gauge setting every third time you sharpen the cutting teeth. NOTE! This recommendation assumes that the length of the cutting teeth is not reduced excessively. • You will need a flat file and a depth gauge tool. We recommend that you use our depth gauge tool to acheive the correct depth gauge setting and bevel for the depth gauge. • Place the depth gauge tool over the chain. Detailed information regarding the use of the depth gauge tool, will be found on the package for the depth gauge tool. Use the flat file to file off the tip of the depth gauge that protrudes through the depth gauge tool. The depth gauge setting is correct when you no longer feel resistance as you draw the file along the depth gauge tool. Tensioning the chain The more you use a chain the longer it becomes. It is therefore important to adjust the chain regularly to take up the slack. Check the chain tension every time you refuel. NOTE! A new chain has a running-in period during which you should check the tension more frequently. ! WARNING! Departure from the sharpening instructions considerably increases the risk of kickback. ! WARNING! The risk of kickback is increased if the depth gauge setting is too large! ! WARNING! A slack chain may jump off and cause serious or even fatal injury.
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 14 – English115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 Tension the chain as tightly as possible, but not so tight that you cannot pull it round freely by hand. 435 •Loosen the bar nut that holds the clutch cover and chain brake. Use the combination spanner. Then retighten the bar nut as tightly as you can by hand. • Raise the tip of the bar and stretch the chain by tightening the chain tensioning screw using the combination spanner. Tighten the chain until it does not sag from the underside of the bar. • Use the combination spanner to tighten the bar nut while holding up the tip of the bar. Check that you can pull the saw chain round freely by hand, and that there is no slack on the underside of the bar. The position of the chain tensioning screw on our chain saws varies from model to model. See instructions under the heading What is what? to find out where it is on your model. 435e, 440e •Release the knob by folding it out. • Turn the knob anti clockwise to loosen the bar cover. • Adjust the tension on the chain by turning the wheel down (+) for tighter tension and up (-) to loosen the tension. • Tighten the bar clutch by turning the knob clockwise.
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS English – 15115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 •Fold the knob back in to lock the tensioning. Lubricating cutting equipment Chain oil Chain oil must demonstrate good adhesion to the chain and also maintain its flow characteristics regardless of whether it is warm summer or cold winter weather. As a chain saw manufacturer we have developed an optimal chain oil which, with its vegetable oil base, is also biodegradable. We recommend the use of our own oil for both maximum chain life and to minimise environmental damage. If our own chain oil is not available, standard chain oil is recommended. Never use waste oil! Using waste oil can be dangerous to you and damage the machine and environment. Filling with chain oil •All our chain saws have an automatic chain lubrication system. On some models the oil flow is also adjustable. • The saw chain oil tank and the fuel tank are designed so that the fuel runs out before the saw chain oil. However, this safety feature requires that you use the right sort of chain oil (if the oil is too thin it will run out before the fuel), and that you adjust the carburetor as recommended (a lean mixture may mean that the fuel lasts longer than the oil) and that you also use the recommended cutting equipment (a bar that is too long will use more chain oil). Checking chain lubrication •Check the chain lubrication each time you refuel. See instructions under the heading Lubricating the bar tip sprocket. Aim the tip of the bar at a light coloured surface about 20 cm (8 inches) away. After 1 minute running at 3/4 throttle you should see a distinct line of oil on the light surface. If the chain lubrication is not working: • Check that the oil channel in the bar is not obstructed. Clean if necessary. • Check that the groove in the edge of the bar is clean. Clean if necessary. • Check that the bar tip sprocket turns freely and that the lubricating hole in the tip sprocket is not blocked. Clean and lubricate if necessary. If the chain lubrication system is still not working after carrying out the above checks and associated measures you should contact your service agent. ! WARNING! Poor lubrication of cutting equipment may cause the chain to snap, which could lead to serious, even fatal injuries. IMPORTANT! When using vegetable based saw chain oil, dismantle and clean the groove in the bar and saw chain before long-term storage. Otherwise there is a risk of the saw chain oil oxidizing, which will result in the saw chain becoming stiff and the bar tip sprocket jamming.
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 16 – English115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 Chain drive sprocket The clutch drum is fitted with one of the following drive sprockets: A Spur sprocket (the chain sprocket is welded on the drum) B Rim sprocket (replaceable) Regularly check the degree of wear on the drive sprocket. Replace if wear is excessive. Replace the drive sprocket whenever you replace the chain. Needle bearing lubrication Both versions of sprockets have a needle bearing on the drive shaft, which has to be greased regularly (once a week). CAUTION! Use a high-quality bearing grease or engine oil. See instructions under the heading Maintenance, Needle bearing lubrication. Checking wear on cutting equipment Check the chain daily for: • Visible cracks in rivets and links. • Whether the chain is stiff. • Whether rivets and links are badly worn. Replace the saw chain if it exhibits any of the points above. We recommend you compare the existing chain with a new chain to decide how badly the existing chain is worn. When the length of the cutting teeth has worn down to only 4 mm the chain must be replaced. Bar Check regularly:• Whether there are burrs on the edges of the bar. Remove these with a file if necessary. • Whether the groove in the bar has become badly worn. Replace the bar if necessary. • Whether the tip of the bar is uneven or badly worn. If a hollow forms on the underside of the bar tip this is due to running with a slack chain. • To prolong the life of the bar you should turn it over regularly. ! WARNING! Most chain saw accidents happen when the chain touches the operator. Wear personal protective equipment. See instructions under the heading Personal protective equipment. Do not tackle any job that you feel you are not adequately trained for. See instructions under the headings Personal protective equipment, How to avoid kickback, Cutting equipment and General working instructions. Avoid situations where there is a risk of kickback. See instructions under the heading Machine ′′′ ′s safety equipment. Use the recommended protective equipment and check its condition. See instructions under the heading General working instructions. Check that all the chain saw safety features are working. See instructions under the headings General working instructions and General safety precautions.
ASSEMBLY English – 17115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 Fitting the bar and chain 435 Check that the chain brake is in disengaged position by moving the front hand guard towards the front handle. Unscrew the bar nut and remove the clutch cover (chain brake). Take off the transportation ring (A). Fit the bar over the bar bolt. Place the bar in its rearmost position. Place the chain over the drive sprocket and in the groove on the bar. Begin on the top side of the bar. Make sure that the edges of the cutting links are facing forward on the top edge of the bar. Mount the clutch cover and remember to fit the chain adjuster pin in the hole in the bar. Check that the drive links of the chain fit correctly over the drive sprocket and that the chain is correctly located in the groove in the bar. Tighten the bar nut with your fingers. Tension the chain by turning the chain tensioning screw clockwise using the combination spanner. The chain should be tensioned until it does not sag from the underside of the bar. The chain is correctly tensioned when there is no slack on the underside of the bar, and it can still be turned easily by hand. Tighten the bar nut with the combination spanner while holding up the tip of the bar. When fitting a new chain, the chain tension has to be checked frequently until the chain is run-in. Check the chain tension regularly. A correctly tensioned chain ensures good cutting performance and long life. 435e, 440e Check that the chain brake is in disengaged position by moving the front hand guard towards the front handle. Loosen the chain tensioner wheel and remove the clutch cover (chain brake). Remove the transport guard. (A) Fit the bar over the bar bolts. Place the bar in its rearmost position. Place the chain over the drive sprocket locate it in the groove on the bar. Begin on the top edge of the bar. Make sure that the edges of the cutting links are facing forward on the top edge of the bar. ! WARNING! Always wear gloves, when working with the chain.
ASSEMBLY 18 – English115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 Mount the clutch cover and remember to fit the chain adjuster pin in the hole in the bar. Check that the drive links of the chain fit correctly over the drive sprocket and that the chain is correctly located in the groove in the bar. Tension the chain by turning the wheel down (+). The chain should be tensioned until it does not sag from the underside of the bar. The chain is correctly tensioned when it does not sag from the underside of the bar, but can still be turned easily by hand. Hold up the bar tip and tighten the bar knob by turning the knob clockwise. When fitting a new chain, the chain tension has to be checked frequently until the chain is run-in. Check the chain tension regularly. A correctly tensioned chain ensures good cutting performance and long life. Fitting a spike bumper To fit a spike bumper – contact your service agent.
FUEL HANDLING English – 19115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 Fuel Note! The machine is equipped with a two-stroke engine and must always be run using a mixture of petrol and two- stroke oil. It is important to accurately measure the amount of oil to be mixed to ensure that the correct mixture is obtained. When mixing small amounts of fuel, even small inaccuracies can drastically affect the ratio of the mixture. Petrol •Use good quality unleaded or leaded petrol. •CAUTION! Engines equipped with catalytic converters must be run on unleaded fuel mixtures. Leaded gasoline will destroy the catalytic converter and it will no longer serve its purpose. The green fuel cap on saws fitted with catalytic converters means that only unleaded gasoline can be used. • The lowest recommended octane grade is 90 (RON). If you run the engine on a lower octane grade than 90 so-called knocking can occur. This gives rise to a high engine temperature and increased bearing load, which can result in serious engine damage. • When working with continuous high revs (e.g. limbing) a higher octane is recommended. Environment fuel HUSQVARNA recommends the use of alkylate fuel, either Aspen two-stroke fuel or environmental fuel for four-stroke engines blended with two-stroke oil as set out below. Note that carburettor adjustment may be necessary when changing the type of fuel (see the instructions under the heading Carburettor). Running-in Avoid running at a too high speed for extended periods during the first 10 hours. Two-stroke oil •For best results and performance use HUSQVARNA two-stroke engine oil, which is specially formulated for our air-cooled two-stroke engines. • Never use two-stroke oil intended for water-cooled engines, sometimes referred to as outboard oil (rated TCW). • Never use oil intended for four-stroke engines. • A poor oil quality and/or too high oil/fuel ratio may jeopardise function and decrease the life time of catalytic converters. Mixing ratio 1:50 (2%) with HUSQVARNA two-stroke oil. 1:33 (3%) with oils class JASO FB or ISO EGB formulated for air-cooled, two-stroke engines. Mixing •Always mix the petrol and oil in a clean container intended for fuel. • Always start by filling half the amount of the petrol to be used. Then add the entire amount of oil. Mix (shake) the fuel mixture. Add the remaining amount of petrol. • Mix (shake) the fuel mixture thoroughly before filling the machine’s fuel tank. • Do not mix more than one month’s supply of fuel at a time. • If the machine is not used for some time the fuel tank should be emptied and cleaned. Chain oil •We recommend the use of special oil (chain oil) with good adhesion characteristics. • Never use waste oil. This results in damage to the oil pump, the bar and the chain. • It is important to use oil of the right grade (suitable viscosity range) to suit the air temperature. • In temperatures below 0°C (32°F) some oils become too viscous. This can overload the oil pump and result in damage to the oil pump components. • Contact your service agent when choosing chain oil. ! WARNING! Always ensure there is adequate ventilation when handling fuel. Petrol, litreTwo-stroke oil, litre 2% (1:50)3% (1:33) 50,100,15 100,200,30 150,300,45 200,400,60
FUEL HANDLING 20 – English115 10 82-26 Rev.2 2008-06-03 Fuelling Clean the area around the fuel cap. Clean the fuel and chain oil tanks regularly. The fuel filter must be replaced at least once a year. Contamination in the tanks causes malfunction. Make sure the fuel is well mixed by shaking the container before refuelling. The capacities of the chain oil tank and fuel tank are carefully matched. You should therefore always fill the chain oil tank and fuel tank at the same time. Fuel safety •Never refuel the machine while the engine is running. • Make sure there is plenty of ventilation when refuelling or mixing fuel (petrol and 2-stroke oil). • Move the machine at least 3 m from the refuelling point before starting it. • Never start the machine: 1 If you have spilt fuel or chain oil on the machine. Wipe off the spillage and allow remaining fuel to evaporate. 2 If you have spilt fuel on yourself or your clothes, change your clothes. Wash any part of your body that has come in contact with fuel. Use soap and water. 3 If the machine is leaking fuel. Check regularly for leaks from the fuel cap and fuel lines. Transport and storage •Always store the chain saw and fuel so that there is no risk of leakages or fumes coming into contact with sparks or naked flames from electrical equipment, electric motors, relays/switches, boilers and the like. • Always store fuel in an approved container designed for that purpose. • For longer periods of storage or for transport of the chain saw, the fuel and chain oil tanks should be emptied. Ask where you can dispose of waste fuel and chain oil at your local petrol station. • Ensure the machine is cleaned and that a complete service is carried out before long-term storage. • The bar guard must always be fitted to the cutting attachment when the machine is being transported or in storage, in order to prevent accident contact with the sharp chain. Even a non-moving chain can cause serious cuts to yourself or persons you bump into with an exposed chain. • Remove the spark plug cap from the spark plug. Activate the chain brake. Long-term storage Empty the fuel/oil tanks in a well ventilated area. Store the fuel in approved cans in a safe place. Fit the bar guard. Clean the machine. See instructions under the heading Maintenance schedule. ! WARNING! Taking the following precautions, will lessen the risk of fire: Do not smoke and do not place any hot objects in the vicinity of fuel. Always stop the engine and let it cool for a few minutes before refuelling. When refuelling, open the fuel cap slowly so that any excess pressure is released gently. Tighten the fuel cap carefully after refuelling. Always move the machine away from the refuelling area before starting. ! WARNING! Fuel and fuel vapour are highly flammable. Take care when handling fuel and chain oil. Be aware of the risks of fire, explosion and those associated with inhalation. ! WARNING! Never use a machine with visible damage to the spark plug guard and ignition cable. A risk of sparking arises, which can cause a fire.