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Setup 2 Page
Nearest Airport  Criteria
To set the minimum runway length and runway 
surface: 
1.  Select “Nearest Airport Criteria” from the Setup 
Page. 
2.   The flashing cursor highlights the “Runway 
Surface” field. Turn the small right knob 
to select the desired surface. The following 
options are available: 
• Any surface
• Hard surfaces Only
• Hard / Soft surfaces
• Water landings only
3. Press  ENT to accept the runway surface selec-
tion. 
4.   The flashing cursor moves to the minimum 
runway length field. To enter a different mini-
mum runway length, use the small and large 
right  knobs to enter the desired length. Press 
ENT when finished. 
  A runway length of “0”(or a very short length) 
will report all available runways. 
 NOTE: Exercise caution when changing the Near-
est Airport Criteria. Remember, by excluding certain 
surface types or shorter runway lengths, you may be excluding airports from the nearest list that are more than adequate for an emergency landing! 
Data Field Configuration
To change the configuration of the data field 
below the VLOC window: 
1.   Select “Data Field Configuration” from the 
Setup Page. 
2.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
data field option. The following options are 
available: 
• VOR/LOC Data — displays the identifier, 
distance and radial FROM the tuned VOR sta
-
tion active in the VLOC window. When tuned 
to a nearby localizer, the localizer identifier, 
associated airport and runway are displayed 
instead. 
• Configurable Data Fields — displays a user- selectable data field of navigation data (e.g., 
ground speed, track, distance to destination, etc.) 
• Traffic Watch — if your 500W-series unit is connected to other equipment providing traf
-
fic alert information (e.g., L3 SKYWATCH™ 
or RYAN TCAD), a window is provided to 
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display traffic information. This allows you 
to monitor traffic conditions from ANY page 
and quickly identify traffic hazards. See the 
400W/500W Series Display Interfaces Pilot's 
Guide Addendum for more information on 
traffic data. 
3. Press  ENT to accept the selection. 
4.   If “Configurable Data Fields” is selected, a 
second selection field appears to allow you 
to select the desired data type. Turn the large 
right  knob to highlight this second field, then 
turn the small right knob to display a list 
of available navigation data types. Continue 
turning the small right knob to select the 
desired data type and press ENT to approve 
your selection. 
COM Configuration
To set the COM channel spacing:  
1.  Select “COM Configuration” from the Setup 1 
Page. 
2.   The flashing cursor highlights the channel spac-
ing field. Turn the small right  knob to select 
the desired channel spacing: 8.33 kHz or 25.0 
kHz. Press ENT when finished. 
8.33 kHz and 25.0 kHz channel spacing are  available for the GNS 530W’s COM trans-
ceiver. Use the 25.0 kHz setting in the United  States. 
Preset Com Frequencies
On units configured for COM Frequency Presets 
you may store up to 15 preset Com frequencies in the 
Com Configuration page. On units configured with a 
remote Com frequency recall switch, these preset fre
-
quencies can be loaded into the STBY frequency with 
the press of a button. 
 NOTE: Preset Com Frequencies are only available with  Main System Software Version 3.00, or later. 
To store a  preset Com frequency: 
 1.   Select “COM Configuration” from the Setup 1 
Page. 
2.   The flashing cursor will highlight the Channel 
Spacing field. Turn the large right knob to 
highlight the left (non-decimal) part of the first 
frequency field. 
Setup 2 Page
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3.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
frequency. 
4.    Turn the large right knob to highlight the right 
(decimal) part of the frequency field. 
5.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
frequency. 
6.    Repeat for the desired frequencies. Press the 
small right knob to finish. 
When the remote Com frequency recall switch is 
pressed, the next preset frequency will be moved into 
the Com Standby frequency box and a small window 
with the current Com Frequency Preset number will 
appear next to it. You can scroll down through the 
preset frequencies by repeatedly pressing the remote 
Com Frequency recall switch. Empty Preset slots are 
skipped. 
Restoring Factory Settings
When making changes to any Setup 1 Page item, 
a “Restore Defaults?” menu selection allows you to 
restore the original factory settings (for the selected 
option only). For example, with the CDI / Alarms Page 
displayed, the “Restore Defaults?” option restores the 
arrival alarm, all airspace alarms and CDI settings to 
the original factory values. 
To restore a Setup 1 Page item to the original fac-
tory settings: 
1.   Select the desired item from the Setup 1 Page. 
2.  Press  MENU to display a page options window. 
3.   With “Restore Defaults?” highlighted, press 
ENT. 
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Setup 2 Page
SBAS Selection
To enable WAAS operation, in the Setup 2 page 
select the SBAS (Space-Based Augmentation System) 
item and then select WAAS. If WAAS is disabled, the 
unit will not be able to fly WAAS approaches (LP, LPV, 
LP +V, LNAV/VNAV, or LNAV+V). 
If WAAS was previously disabled, it may take sev
-
eral minutes to achieve a 3D-Diff fix after re-enabling 
WAAS. 
1.  Select “SBAS Selection” from the Setup 2 Page 
and press ENT. 
To enable WAAS operation, select the “SBAS 
Selection” menu option. 
2.  The flashing cursor highlights the WAAS status 
selection. Turn  the  small right knob to allow 
On/Off selection. 
To enable WAAS operation, select the “SBAS  Selection” menu option. 
3.  Turn  the  small right knob to select “On” or 
“Off” and then press ENT. Press the Cursor 
knob to exit WAAS selection. 
 NOTE:  There may be other SBAS selections avail-
able, such as MSAS. 
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Section 10   
Vertical Navigation (VNAV)
The 500W-series Vertical Navigation Page allows 
you to create a three-dimensional profile which guides 
you from your present position and altitude to a final 
(target) altitude at a specified location. This is helpful 
when you’d like to descend to a certain altitude near 
an airport. Once the profile is defined, message alerts 
and additional data on the Default NAV and Map 
Pages keep you informed of your progress. 
To display the Vertical Navigation Page, press the 
VNAV key. 
VNAV is inhibited in the following conditions: 
•  Groundspeed is less than 35 knots
•  No active flight plan or direct-to destination
•  SUSP mode
•  Vectors-to-Final mode
•  VLOC mode
•  After the FAF on an approach
 WARNING: VNAV is to be used for advisory 
purposes only.  VNAV messages or vertical speed required should not be used to maintain terrain or ATC clearances.  Terrain and ATC clearances are the sole responsibility of the pilot. 
Vertical Navigation Page
Target Altitude
Vertical Speed Desired Altitude Reference  (AGL or MSL)
 Vertical Speed Required
Target Distance 
(from reference) Target Reference
A message alert lets you know when to 
begin a VNAV descent... 
...as well as when you’re approaching your  new target altitude. 
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To create a vertical navigation profile: 
1. Press  VNAV to display the Vertical Navigation 
Page. 
2.   Press the small right knob to activate the 
cursor. 
3.   With the “Target Altitude” field highlighted, 
turn the small and large right knobs to select 
the target altitude and press ENT. 
Turn the small and large right knobs to select 
a target altitude. The target altitude can be 
above field elevation (for an airport) or you 
can specify an MSL altitude for any waypoint  category. 
4.  Turn the small right knob to select “Above 
Wpt” (AGL) or “MSL”, and press ENT. “Above 
Wpt” uses the altitude of a destination airport 
as stored on the Jeppesen NavData card. 
“MSL” lets you set a specific target altitude 
for any waypoint category: airport, VOR, NDB, 
intersection or user waypoint. 
5.   Turn the small  and large right knobs to select 
a distance from the target reference waypoint 
and press ENT. If the target altitude should 
occur at the target reference waypoint, enter 
a distance of zero. 
6.   Turn the small right knob to select “Before” 
or “After”, and press ENT. This setting desig-
nates whether the offset distance defines a 
point before you reach the target reference 
waypoint or after you reach the waypoint. The 
“After” selection is not available for the last 
waypoint. 
Turn the small right knob to select whether 
the distance is “Before” or “After” the refer -
ence waypoint. 
7.   When using a flight plan, the target refer -
ence waypoint itself can be specified from 
the waypoints contained in the flight plan. By 
default, the last waypoint in the flight plan is 
selected. To select a different waypoint, turn 
the  small right knob to select the desired 
waypoint and press ENT. 
Vertical Navigation Profile
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8.  The default profile utilizes a 400 foot-per-
minute descent rate. To change the rate, turn 
the  large right knob to highlight the “VS 
Profile” field and use the small and large 
right  knobs to enter a new rate. Press ENT 
when finished. 
The default profile is a 400 foot-per-minute 
descent. Use the small and large right knobs  to enter a different vertical speed figure.  
With the profile set, the vertical speed required 
(VSR) is displayed on the Vertical Navigation Page. 
Expect the following to occur when using the vertical 
navigation feature:  •  At one minute prior to reaching the initial 
descent point, a message “Approaching VNAV 
Profile” occurs. The descent angle also locks 
to prevent changes in speed from altering the 
profile. 
•   If selected, the vertical speed required (VSR) 
readout on the default NAV and map pages 
shows the desired vertical speed to maintain the 
proper descent angle. Maximum VSR that can 
be displayed is -6000 ft/min.  If VSR exceeds 
-6000 ft/min, dashes will be displayed. 
•  Course reversals are not included in the VNAV 
calculations until the aircraft begins the course 
reversal. While reversing course, VNAV includes 
direct-to the course reversal wayopint in the  VNAV calculation. 
•   At 500 feet above the target altitude, an 
“Approaching Target Altitude” message is pro
-
vided. The VSR readout on the Default NAV and 
Map Pages is blanked out, at this point. 
Vertical navigation messages can be turned on or 
off. (By default the messages are off.) Turning the mes
-
sages off allows you to keep the profile settings you’ve 
entered previously, without having them generate mes
-
sages when the feature isn’t needed. 
To disable/enable the vertical navigation (VNAV) 
messages: 
1.  Press  MENU to display the Vertical Navigation 
Page Options menu. 
2.   With “VNAV Messages On?” highlighted, press 
ENT.  Or, if the messages are already on and 
you wish to turn them off, make sure “VNAV 
Messages Off?” is highlighted and press 
ENT. 
Select “VNAV Messages On?” to display the 
vertical navigation alert message. 
To restore the factory default VNAV settings: 
1. Press  MENU to display the Vertical Navigation 
Page Options menu. 
2.   Turn the large right knob to highlight 
“Restore Defaults?” and press ENT.  
VNAV Messages
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Section 11   
Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) 
Interface
Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE)
The Garmin 500W-series software incorporates 
a Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) algorithm, 
thus providing a basis for approval per FAA Notice 
N8110.60 requirements for “GPS as a Primary Means 
of Navigation for Oceanic/Remote Operations”. 
The FDE consists of two distinct features, fault 
detection and fault exclusion. The fault detection 
feature detects the presence of an unacceptably large 
pseudorange error for a satellite (and presumably, 
position error) for a given mode of flight. Upon detec
-
tion, fault exclusion follows and excludes the source 
of the unacceptably large pseudorange error , thereby 
allowing navigation to return to normal performance 
without an interruption in service. To enhance safety, 
FDE functionality is provided for other phases of flight 
(non-precision approach, terminal, en route). The FDE 
functionality for non-oceanic flight phases complies 
with missed alert probability, false alert probability and 
failed exclusion probability specified by DO-229C / 
TSO-C146a. 
Pre-departure Verification of FDE
An FDE prediction must be performed prior to 
departure for a flight plan involving Oceanic/Remote 
operation where GPS is to be the sole source of 
navigation. Prior to departure, the operator must 
use the FDE prediction program supplied with the 
400W/500W-series Trainer CD to demonstrate that 
there are no outages in the capability to navigate 
on the specified route of flight (the FDE prediction 
program determines whether the GPS constellation is 
robust enough to provide a navigation solution for the 
specified route of flight). Please, refer to the instruc
-
tions included in the Garmin 400W/500W-series 
Training CD for complete details on using the FDE 
prediction program. 
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Section 12   
Messages, Abbreviations,  
& Nav Terms
Messages
The 500W-series unit uses a flashing “MSG” annun-
ciator at the bottom of the screen (directly above the MSG 
key) to alert you of any important information or warnings. 
While most messages are advisory in nature, warning mes
-
sages may require your intervention. Whenever the “MSG” 
annunciator flashes, press the MSG key to display the 
message, when pilot workload allows. Press MSG again to 
return to the previous page. 
The following is a list of available messages and their mean
-
ings: 
ABORT APPROACH — Loss of Navigation — Execute 
missed approach using other navigation equipment. 
ADS-B traffic has failed — The ADS-B traffic system may 
have lost GPS position or detected an internal fault. Contact 
dealer for service. 
ADS-B transmit has failed — ADS-B unit is not able to 
transmit a message due to a failure with the ADS-B system 
or antenna(s). Contact dealer for service. 
ADS-B is not transmitting position — The ADS-B unit 
has detected a position input falut. Contact dealer for 
service. 
ADS-B fault -  Check ADS-B Status Page — A fault has 
been detected. Check the ADS-B unit Status page in Aux 
mode.  
ADS-B - Connection has been lost — The GNS is config
-
ured for a traffic device but is not receiving data from it. 
Traffic will not be displayed on the GNS. Contact dealer for 
service. 
ADS-B Traffic Alerting not available — The ADS-B traf
-
fic system is reporting that the CSA application has failed. 
Traffic alerting on ADS-B traffic is unavailable. Ensure the 
aircraft has a clear view of the sky. If the problem persists. 
Contact dealer for service.  Airport terrain database integrity error — The 
500W-series unit has detected a problem with a database 
on the TAWS/Terrain data card. The data is not usable and 
the card should be returned to your Garmin dealer.
Airspace ahead — less than 10 minutes — Your GPS-calcu-
lated course is projected to enter a special use airspace within 
10 minutes. This message is automatically disabled within 30 
NM of an arrival airport, when an approach is loaded. 
Airspace near and ahead — Your GPS-calculated 
position is within 2 NM of the boundary of a special use 
airspace and your course is projected to enter the airspace. 
This message is automatically disabled within 30 NM of an 
arrival airport, when an approach is loaded. 
All data referenced to True North — The unit does not 
have a valid aviation database, so it cannot compute mag
-
netic variation. 
Approach downgraded — Use LNAV minima — This 
message will occur 60 seconds prior to the FAF if flying 
LNAV+V, L/VNAV, LP, or LPV approaches and WAAS 
integrity parameters have fallen below minimal limits. As a 
result, vertical guidance has been discontinued and the LP, 
LPV, LP +V, LNAV+V, or L/VNAV approach you were flying 
has been downgraded. 
Approach is not active — The approach could not transi
-
tion to “active”, at 2 NM or closer to the FAF. Verify that 
“SUSP” DOES NOT appear directly above the OBS key, 
indicating the auto waypoint sequencing is suspended. 
This message also appears if Receiver Autonomous Integrity 
Monitoring (RAIM) has determined that sufficient GPS 
satellite coverage DOES NOT exist for the phase of flight 
you are currently in (along with a “RAIM not available from 
FAF to MAP” message). 
Approaching target altitude — The current GPS-com
-
puted altitude is within 500 feet of the final Vertical Naviga-
tion target altitude. 
Approaching VNAV profile — You are within one minute 
of reaching the initial Vertical Navigation descent point. 
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ABBREVIATIONS &  NAV TERMS 
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APR Guidance Available - Use PROC before A/P APR 
— For units configured with the KAP140 or KFC225 auto-
pilot, this message reminds pilots, when they turn on course 
to the FAF, that they need to enable autopilot outputs (by 
pressing PROC and selecting “Enable A/P APR Outputs?”) 
before switching the autopilot control panel to APR. 
Arrival at waypoint [waypoint name] — You are within 
the arrival alarm circle for the indicated waypoint. The size 
of the arrival alarm circle is defined from the “CDI / alarms” 
menu option on the Setup Page. 
Audio database integrity error — The 500W-series unit 
has detected a problem with the built-in TAWS Audio Data
-
base. TAWS audio alerts are not available. The unit should 
be returned to your Garmin dealer for service. 
Aviation database integrity error — The 500W-series 
unit has detected a problem with a database on the Nav
-
Data® card. The data is not usable and the card should be 
returned to Jeppesen or your Garmin dealer for service. 
Bad geometry, parallel offset not activated — parallel 
offset is not activated because of flight plan geometry. 
Basemap database integrity error — The 500W-series 
unit has detected a failure in the built-in basemap (land 
data) database. Land data does not appear on the Map Page. 
Other unit functions continue to work normally, however 
the 500W-series unit should be taken to your Garmin 
dealer for service at your earliest convenience. 
Boot block verify failed - Return unit for repair — 
System integrity testing has determined that the boot block 
has become corrupted. Return the unit to your Garmin 
dealer for service. 
Cannot navigate locked FPL — You have attempted 
to navigate a flight plan (FPL) with one or more locked 
waypoints. A waypoint can be “locked” when the NavData
® 
card is replaced and the waypoint(s) does not exist in the 
new database or if attempting to crossfill user waypoints 
when no empty user-defined waypoint slots exist (will 
create a “lockd” point in flight plan).  Can’t change an active waypoint — An attempt has 
been made to modify the position of the active “to” or 
“from” waypoint. The 500W-series unit does not allow 
modifications to user waypoints currently being utilized for 
navigation guidance. 
Can’t delete an active or FPL waypoint — An attempt 
has been made to delete the active “to” or “from” user 
waypoint. The 500W-series unit does not allow you to 
delete user waypoints currently being utilized for naviga
-
tion guidance. 
CDI key stuck — The CDI key is stuck in the enabled (or 
“pressed”) state. Try pressing the CDI key again to cycle its 
operation. Check for proper operation of both the internal 
and remote keys (if present). If the message persists, contact 
your Garmin dealer for assistance. 
CDI key disabled — The installation has disabled the 
CDI key so that systems (such as an EFIS) connected to the 
500W series unit will always have GPS deviation data on 
one output (main) and VLOC deviation data on the other 
output (Nav). See your installer for more information. 
Check unit cooling — The 500W-series unit has detected 
excessive display backlighting temperature. The back
-
lighting has been automatically dimmed to reduce the tem-
perature. Check for adequate ventilation or check cooling 
airflow. Contact your Garmin dealer for assistance. 
COM has failed — (GNS 530W only) The unit has 
detected a failure in its communications transceiver. The 
COM transceiver is not available and the unit should be 
returned to your Garmin dealer for service. 
COM is not responding — (GNS 530W only) 
Internal 
system-to-system communication between the main proces
-
sor and the COM transceiver has failed. Operational status 
of the COM transceiver is unknown and the unit should be 
returned to your Garmin dealer for service. 
If the Com board is still working, it will automatically 
tune to 121.500 MHz. Transmit and receive functions 
may still operate regardless of the displayed frequency. 
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ABBREVIATIONS &  NAV TERMS 
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