AOR AR5000 Wideband Reciever Instructions

							AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL          PAGE 11
 
- SR.MODE
Pressing the  key places the receiver into program
search mode.  There are twenty search banks in total
numbered from 00 to 19.  To change the bank number
rotate the SUB DIAL, the bank number appears in the top
right of the LCD.  If the receiver stops on an unwanted
busy channel during search, it can be forced onward using
the 
  keys or MAIN DIAL.  To cancel search
press 
 again or press 
The key sequence   activates a sub menu
where bank link, pause, delay, level squelch, voice squelch
and auto-store may be configured.
 
- SC.MODE
Pressing the  key briefly places the receiver into
MEMORY RECALL MODE.  The bank number may be
selected using the SUB DIAL, channel number using the
MAIN DIAL and three digit bank/channel number using the
numeric keypad.
Pressing the 
 a second time places the receiver
into memory scan mode.  There are ten scan banks in
total numbered from 0 to 9.  If the receiver stops on an
unwanted busy channel during scan, it can be forced
onward using the 
  keys or MAIN DIAL.  To
cancel scan press 
 again or press 
The key sequence   activates a sub menu
where bank link, pause, delay, level squelch, voice squelch
and mode may be configured.
 
- PR.SET
The priority key  activates / deactivates receive
PRIORITY as a toggle.  The legend “PRIO” appears on
the centre-top row of the LCD to show that priority has
been activated and the legend “Pr” on the right of the
LCD signifies when the priority frequency is currently active
(busy).
If the sequence 
  is keyed, the channel used
for priority may be selected followed by the interval for
sampling, which is 5 seconds as default.
 
- V.MODE
The AR5000 has a FIVE VFO system being identified
“VA”, “VB”, “VC”, “VD” & “VE” on the right of the LCD.
The term VFO historically means 
Variable Frequency
Oscillator
 and today refers to a tuneable data store which
contains frequency, mode, step, attenuator and other
relevant information.
The first time you enter a frequency via the numeric
keypad, it is best to first press the 
 key until “VA” is
displayed to place the receiver in a known state of
operation.  The condition of 
VFO (A-VFO), (B-VFO) etc
is generally referred to as MANUAL MODE.If the sequence 
  is keyed, additional
parameters affecting VFO search operation may be
configured: DELAY, L-SQ & VOICE.
 
- SR.PROG
Figure ONE for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  activates the SEARCH
PROGRAM menu where bank number, lower frequency
limit, upper frequency limit, mode, and text comment may
be programmed.
 
- K.LOCK
Figure TWO for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  activates the KEY LOCK which
disables all front panel keys except for 
 and ,
the rotary tuning controls (MAIN DIAL & SUB DIAL) are also
locked to prevent accidental misoperation of the receiver
when listening to an important frequency.  The volume
and squelch controls remain operative.
The legend “KEY” is displayed on the top row of the LCD
left of centre to indicate when key lock is in operation.  To
unlock the keys press 
  which acts as a toggle.
 
- IF BW
Figure THREE for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  activates the I.F. bandwidth
menu.  In normal operation the word “AUTO” will be
displayed toward the centre of the LCD to signify that
automode is in operation and the I.F. bandwidth, receiver
mode and channel step will be automatically selected by
the receiver from its detailed pre-programmed bandplan
data.  Selecting a new bandwidth from the list of 220,
110, 30, 15, 6 and 3 kHz is accomplished using the
SUB DIAL, 0.5 kHz is only available if the optional CW filter
has been fitted.
Once automode has been cancelled, it may be reinstated
from the MODE select menu using a short cut... select
AUTO by pressing and holding the 
 
key for more
than one second.
 
- S.SCAN
Figure FOUR for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  initiates SELECT SCAN, a
special form of scan where memory channels may be
temporarily tagged in a form of notebook. 
						

							PAGE  12          AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL
 
- OFFSET
Figure FIVE for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  initiates FREQUENCY
OFFSET where the receiver will automatically jump to a
pre-programmed frequency offset, this is very useful for
checking the other side of duplex transmissions such as
the input frequency of amateur radio repeaters or VHF
marine traffic.
The sequence 
 
then hold the  key for more
than one second activates the FREQUENCY OFFSET
menu where new offsets may be specified and saved /
recalled from one of 48 special locations for easy retrieval
at any time.
 
- RF GAIN
Figure SIX for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  activates the RF GAIN control
in place of the squelch control.  The “N-SQL” legend is
removed from the LCD to confirm operation.  The
RF GAIN control reduces the level of amplification applied
to the receiver’s I.F. circuits.  This has the effect of reducing
the  sensitivity of the receiver in much the same way as
the attenuator but is more controllable.
The usual position for the AR5000 RF GAIN control is
fully anti-clockwise when the set is at its most sensitive.
As the control is rotated clockwise the S-meter will
advance to indicate what strength signal is required to
produce solid and readable results.
The control is most useful on SSB where the RF GAIN
should be adjusted so that the 
peaks of SSB signals just
deflect the S-meter.  This will greatly reduce the level of
background noise especially during pauses in speech or
inactivity.
When the squelch control is switched off and RF GAIN
used, the legend “N-SQL” is removed from the top line of
the LCD slightly centre-right.
 - CLOCK
Figure SEVEN for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
If the sequence 
  
is keyed, the clock is displayed
on the LCD.  The SUB DIAL may be used to select one of
two clocks (a second clock is often useful to store world
time of a regular DX site).
The sequence 
 then hold the  key for more
than one second activates the clock set menu where
display of 12hr / 24hr may be selected, times set for both
clocks and a three character text identifier added to each
clock.
 
- ALARM
Figure EIGHT for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  activates the ALARM which
can be programmed to switch the receiver on automatically
as an alarm clock or for unattended recording with the
provision to program the active period between 1 and 120
minutes.
The sequence 
 then hold the  key for more
than one second activates the alarm set menu.
 
- SLEEP
Figure NINE for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  activates the SLEEP facility
which can be programmed to switch the receiver off
automatically after a prescribed time period of 1 to 120
minutes... useful if you go to sleep with the AR5000 as a
bedside radio.
The sequence 
 then hold the  key for more
than one second activates the sleep set menu.
 
- OPTION
Figure ZERO for the numeric input of frequencies, bank,
channel numbers etc.
The sequence 
  activates the OPTION menu
where the options of DTMF tone display and T-ELMT may
be selected.  If the optional boards are fitted, DE-SCR
(descrambler, not available in all countries) and CTCSS
tone selection may also be configured.
 
- DELETE
Used during the MHz input of frequency to separate the
MHz to the left of the frequency input from the rest of the
entry of kHz and Hz.  For example the entry of 88.300000
MHz would be 
    
Note: frequencies below 3.0 MHz (3000 kHz) are always
displayed as kHz regardless of input format.
The sequence of 
  while in memory recall mode
causes the displayed memory channel to be deleted.
The sequence 
 then hold the  key for more
than one second activates the DELETE menu where the
item to be deleted may be selected:
MEM-CHmemory channel
SEL-CHselect scan channel
M-PASSmemory channel pass
SRCHsearch bank
F-PASSfrequency pass 
						

							AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL          PAGE 13
 
- CONFIG
This key is used to accept frequency input via the numeric
keypad in kHz format.  For example: To key in a frequency
of 954 kHz key 
    the LCD will display
954.000 kHz.  This has the same effect as keying
0.954MHz or .954MHz
Note: keying a decimal 
 before the number causes a
preceding zero to be added automatically.
The kHz method of frequency entry reduces the number
of key presses required when working with low frequencies
and simplifies operation as short wave listings are often
stated in kHz.  Example: Oceanic air traffic 5616kHz or
short wave transmissions Radio Netherlands 5955kHz and
6045kHz.
The key sequence 
  activates the CONFIG
menu where the lamp On/Off, keypad beep tone status
OFF / volume, external IF output, remote baud rate, aerial
(antenna) automatic switching and internal / external
frequency reference may be configured.
 
- AF.SET
This key is used primarily to select receive mode.
To select AUTOMODE press and hold the 
 key
for more than one second, the receive mode, I.F.
bandwidth and frequency step will be selected by the
AR5000 automatically from its extensive pre-programmed
bandplan listing.
When automode is in operation, the legend “AUTO” is
displayed above the right hand digit (Hz position) of the
frequency red-out.
To over-ride the receive mode, briefly press the 
key.  The options are: FM, AM, LSB, USB, CW and AUTO.
WFM is supported as a product of the I.F. bandwidth
selected (i.e. 110 or 220 kHz).
The key sequence 
  activates the AF.SET
(audio frequency set-up) where the AUDIO LOW PASS
FILTER (3.0 kHz, 4.0 kHz, 6.0 kHz or 12 kHz), AUDIO
HIGH PASS FILTER (0.05 kHz, 0.2 kHz, 0.3 kHz or 0.4
kHz), AUDIO DE-EMPHASIS (25, 50, 75, 750 or THRU),
CW PITCH (0.4 kHz, 0.5 kHz, 0.6 kHz, 0.7 kHz, 0.8 kHz,
0.9 kHz, 1.0 kHz or 1.1 kHz) and AUDIO INPUT
(INTERNAL or EXTERNAL) may be configured.
 
- AGC
This key primarily selects the frequency step size for tuning
the receiver.  If the legend ”AUTO” is displayed then the
step size will automatically be determined from the
automode bandplan data, as soon as another selection is
made automode is cancelled.
The standard step sizes offered for the MAIN DIAL are:
0.001 kHz (1 Hz), 0.010 kHz (10 Hz), 0.050 kHz (50 Hz),
0.100 kHz (100 Hz), 0.500 kHz (500 Hz), 1.000 kHz,
5.000kHz, 6.250 kHz, 9.000 kHz, 10.000 kHz, 12.500
kHz, 20.000 kHz, 25.000 kHz, 30.000 kHz, 50.000 kHz,
100.000 kHz and 500.000 kHz.In addition unusual step sizes may be entered using
the numeric keypad (i.e. 
   
for 22 kHz or
    for 200 Hz).
The SUB DIAL may also be configured for: MAIN (same as
MAIN DIAL), x10 speed of MAIN DIAL, 0.1 kHz, 0.5 kHz, 1.0
kHz, 5.0 kHz, 10.0 kHz, 50.0 kHz, 100.0 kHz, 500 kHz or
1000.0 kHz (1 MHz).
AGC
The key sequence   
activates the AGC
(Automatic Gain Control) menu.
In FM mode the options are AGC ON / OFF and in other
modes are OFF, FAST, MIDDLE and SLOW.  When AGC
OFF has been selected, two horizontal bars are displayed
on the LCD between the kHz and MHz legends.
FM:AGC  OFF
AGC  ON
Other modes:AGC  OFF
AGC  FAST
AGC  MIDDLE
AGC  SLOW
Note: “AUT” for AUTO AGC will be displayed toward
the top right of the LCD if AUTOMODE is in operation
and the appropriate AGC selection will be made
automatically by the AR5000.
 - S.SET
This key is used to PASS (skip over) unwanted active
frequencies in search and scan mode.  In search mode,
the unwanted frequencies are held in a special PASS LIST
where they may be added to, deleted or reviewed.  In
scan mode the memory is locked out so is skipped.
The pass list is laid out in 20 banks for search mode (00
to 19) plus one extra for frequencies to be skipped while
in VFO mode.
Pressing the 
 
key while in memory recall mode or
scan mode 
locks out the current channel so that it will be
skipped over.  The “PASS” legend is displayed to the left
of the memory channel number (above the “M” legend) to
signify that the channel is selected as PASS.  The 
key acts as a toggle, simply press it again to remove the
PASS status.
When the key sequence 
  is keyed while in
SCAN mode or MEMORY RECALL mode, the displayed
channel is added to the SELECT SCAN list.  This is a
special temporary notepad memory bank.  The legend
“S” is added to the display above the channel number, to
the left of the bank number to signify that the channel is
selected for SELECT SCAN (see section 10 of this
manual).
Note:  If this key is accidentally pressed, it may give the
impression that the AR5000 is not receiving certain
frequencies... so make sure you are familiar with the PASS
operations. 
						

							PAGE  14          AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL
The  key also allows selection On/Off of certain
options while in menus (such as step-adjust) and selects
defaults in other menus.
 - 
[MHz] [ENT] - TXT (Cyber Scan)
This key has three main applications:
MHz - the key is used to enter frequencies as MHz while
in VFO mode.  For example to enter a frequency of 88.300
MHz follow the key sequence 
    
There is no need to add the trailing zeros to the right,
once the 
 key has been used, the AR5000
microprocessor will automatically add the additional trailing
digits.  The display will read “88.300000 MHz”
Note: Frequencies below 3.0 MHz (3000 kHz) will be
displayed as kHz regardless of the entry format.  It is
usually more convenient to enter medium wave / long wave
frequencies using the kHz format.
ENT - the key is used as ENTER in 
many operations and
to complete sequences in most menus.
If the 
 
key is held for more than one second while
in VFO mode, the receiver enters memory write mode.
Use the MAIN DIAL to select channel number to be
overwritten, the SUB DIAL to select the memory bank
number or key in the three digit memory location using
the numeric keypad.  Pressing the 
,  
or
 
key will enable text comments of up to eight
characters to be added to each memory channel.
The key sequence 
 then press and hold the 
key for more than one second activates CYBER SCAN
where scan and search speeds are approximately doubled
(the frequency display is blanked out during 
CYBER SCAN
& CYBER SEARCH).
TEXT - The key sequence 
 then a brief press of
 causes the TEXT COMMENTS to be displayed in
memory recall, scan and search modes
(in place of the frequency readout).
 
- ANT
This key activates the RF attenuator menu.
An aerial attenuator system allows selection of AUTO,
0dB, 10dB or 20dB.  The attenuator control switches
in / out of circuit the RF preamplifier and attenuator
affecting the sensitivity of the receiver.  20dB may not be
selected above 230 MHz.  RF gain is also available in all
modes via a front panel rotary control, this is especially
useful in providing optimum audio quality for SSB
operation.
The selection of attenuator is made using the SUB DIAL,
the final selection is accepted by pressing the 
 key.
The key sequence 
  activates the aerial
selection menu.  The SUB DIAL is used to select input via
either of the two rear panel aerial sockets (ANT 1 for the
N-type input and ANT 2 for the SO239).  Additional aerialsmay also be controlled via the optional AS5000 switching
unit.  AUTO may be selected where the aerial will be
automatically switched based upon the programming of
frequency / aerial data.
The sequence 
 followed by the  key being
held for more than one second activates the M.TUNE
AUTO / MANU RF input preselection for frequencies up
to 999.999999 MHz.  The default is AUTO where the
microprocessor controls the RF front end preselection.
However if strong adjacent-channel interference is
experienced, the preselection may manually moved
off frequency reducing interference.  Under this situation
the 
on channel sensitivity will generally be reduced to
some degree, for this reason do not manually tune the
preselector too far away from the start point.
The 
  
keys toggle between AUTO and
M.TUNE with preselection being controlled by the SUB DIAL.
To accept changes press 
 
- CLEAR
The CLEAR key may be used to abort frequency entry
during programming or to escape from a menu.  If the
 key is held depressed while the receiver is switched
on using the 
 
key, the AR5000 microprocessor will
be 
soft reset.
 - UP
This key has three functions:
UP - if quickly pressed causes the displayed frequency in
VFO mode to be incremented in an upward direction by
one step.  The key may be pressed to force the scan and
search onward past a busy frequency or channel, it may
also be used to reverse the direction of scan and search.
If held for more than one second while in VFO mode,
frequency search is initiated.  If held for more than one
second while in memory recall mode, the 
scan process
will start.
INCREMENT - the key will often increment menu options
such as DTMF to T.ELMT etc.  While in TEXT write mode,
the 
 key will move the cursor one space to the right.
BACK SPACE - if an error is made while keying in
frequencies in VFO mode, the 
 key may be used
to back space delete the entry from the right hand side.  If
all digits are deleted, the display will return to the previous
frequency.
 
- DOWN
If this key is quickly pressed, the displayed frequency in
VFO mode to be incremented in a downward direction by
one step.  The key may be pressed to force the scan and
search onward past a busy frequency or channel, it may
also be used to reverse the direction of scan and search. 
						

							AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL          PAGE 15
If held for more than one second while in VFO mode, a
frequency search is initiated.  If held for more than one
second while in memory recall mode, the scan process
will start.
INCREMENT - the key will often increment menu options
such as DTMF to T.ELMT etc.  While in TEXT write mode,
the 
 key will move the cursor one space to the left.
Rear panel
5-14  DC 12V - external power connection
This is a special three pin socket designed to accept
external d.c. input of a nominal 13.5V d.c. @ 1.0A negative
ground.  You may either connect the power supply provided
or another suitable supply such as a 12V car battery using
the optional DC3000 d.c. lead and observing the correct
polarity:
RED=  positive
WHITE (black on some cables) =  negative
Viewed from the rear of the receiver, the socket forms a
pyramid of three terminals.  The top is not used, the left is
negative and the right positive.  You need not worry about
this in normal use as the special plugs are pre-wired and
moulded onto the lead.
Note: 
At no time must a.c. mains power (100/110/120/
220/230/240V a.c.) be connected directly to this socket
or serious damage may occur including the risk of
personal injury and fire.
5-15  ACC 2  (accessory 2 socket)
This 8-pin miniature socket is used for connection of an
optional aerial (antenna) switching unit (AS5000) so thatmore than two aerials (up to four) may be connected to
the receiver and switched manually or automatically from
the receivers front panel.
The optional AS5000 is connected to ANT 1 and the
control switching signal is taken from ACC 2.  ANT 2 is
left unaffected and available for connection to an aerial
leaving the AS5000 to provide access to ANT 1, ANT 3
and ANT 4.
Note:  ACC 2 uses a different plug/socket to ACC 1.
 A typical example of the ACC 2 plug is manufactured by
Hoshiden type TCP6180-01-1120.
Pin out is as follows:
1  12V 50mA MAX
2  10V 50mA MAX
3  AGC 4.5 ~ 3.0V
4  No connection
5  ANT SW A (data line)
6  ANT SW B (data line)
7  No connection
8  Ground 
						

							PAGE  16          AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL
The control truth table is as follows:
     Aerial number    1   3    4
     ANT SW A (data)      G    G
     ANT SW B (data)           G
Open collector 100mA MAX
(G) connects to ground
5-16  EXT SP - external speaker socket
This 3.5mm mono jack socket provides audio output to
drive an external speaker unit.  Connection to this socket
automatically disables the internal speaker but not a
headphone if connected to the front panel socket.
An external speaker should have a nominal 8 OHM
impedance and power handling of 2 WATTS or greater.
5-17  REMOTE - RS232C computer port
The 9 pin female D type RS232C control socket and
associated internal circuitry is fitted as standard.  This
permits the AR5000 to be connected directly to a computer
for 
hands off remote control.
PC control Windows/95 software is under development
for the AR5000 and a programmer’s RS232 command
protocol supplement is available as an option.
Connection to an IBM compatible PC is as follows:
   AR5000     PC 9-pin serial input
     2                2
     3                3
     5                5   (GROUND)
     7                7
     8                8
   AR5000     PC 25-pin serial input
     2                3
     3                2
     5                7   (GROUND)
     7                4
     8                5
5-18  I.F. OUTPUT (10.7 MHz)
This BNC socket provides a suitable output to drive the
optional AOR SDU5000 spectrum display unit providing
a usable ± 5 MHz of bandwidth.  The output to this socket
must be switched on using the CONFIG menu 
, 
item three EXT-IF OFF, 1 or 2.
5-19  STD IN (10 MHz)
This BNC socket may be configured using the CONFIG
menu 
  to accept an external high stability
10 MHz reference (such as off-air atomic coupled).
In the standard configuration, a built-in 12.8 MHz TCXO
is employed.
5-20 MUTE
This PHONO/RCA socket is used to mute the AR5000
when used in conjunction with a transmitter (to mute the
AR5000 when placed into transmit).  The transmitter
should provide a normally closed contact becoming open
during transmit.
Note:  An internal yellow jumper wire is fitted across the
mute terminals to enable normal operation without the
need for a shorted phono/RCA plug to be fitted in place.
If connected to a transmitter this yellow link wire 
must
be cut.  If the receiver is then to be used stand alone, a
shorted plug MUST be left in the mute socket for standard
operation or the AR5000 will not receive and no audio will
be heard from the speaker.
In receive mode: Short circuit
In transmit mode (muted): Open circuit
Enabling the mute facility
Only the upper case of the AR5000 need by removed to
access the area containing the yellow jumper wire.  Switch
the receiver off and unplug the power cord.
1  In order to lift the upper case, 
carefully (with the correct
fitting posi-drive screwdriver) remove the 4 screws from
the top cabinet and the 3 screws from each side panel
(the screws on the side of the unit toward the front are
larger than the rest).  The rear edge of the top cabinet
has a flange and the sides have two unused holes
(for mobile mounting).
2  Locate and cut the yellow jumper wire positioned above
the MUTE terminal.
3  Refit the upper case. 
						

							AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL          PAGE 17
5-21  ANT 2
This is the secondary aerial (antenna) input for the AR5000
receiver.  It may be controlled from the front panel or
programmed to switch automatically.
The socket is a 50 OHM SO239 type and
the corresponding plug is the PL259.  Many off the shelf
inter-series adapters are available for connection to BNC,
N-type or other types of aerial termination.
5-22  ANT 1
This is the primary aerial (antenna) input for the AR5000
receiver.  It may be controlled from the front panel or
programmed to switch automatically.
The socket is a high quality 50 OHM N-type.  Many off the
shelf inter-series adapters are available for connection to
BNC, PL259/SO239 or other types of aerial termination.
(6) Basic manual operation of the receiver
To achieve the maximum use of the receiver’s
performance and features,  it is important to fully familiarise
yourself with it’s operation through the use of this
handbook.
Connect and select an appropriate aerial (antenna) to the
ANT 1 input on the rear of the receiver.  The selection of
aerial depends upon your location and specific
requirements but may include a dipole, discone, colinear
or long wire.  There is further aerial information in section
20 of this manual, if in doubt please consult your dealer.
Connect the AR5000 to an appropriate d.c. power source
using either the supplied a.c. adapter or optional DC3000
d.c. lead.
Note: Never connect the AR5000 directly to the
a.c. mains supply.
Before turning on the power switch, set the volume to the
10 o’clock position and squelch control to the 12 o’clock
position.
6-1 Switching on for the first time
Press and release the  
switch, the receiver will
power up and the LCD back light will illuminate.
Press the 
 
key a few times until the legend “VA” is
displayed in the lower right corner of the LCD.  Press and
hold the 
 
key for more than one second so that the
“AUTO” legend is displayed in the centre of the LCD above
the last right hand digit of the frequency readout (Hz
position) to ensure the receiver is in AUTO MODE.  This
places the receiver into a known state of operation ready
to accept frequency input, change of mode etc.  As with
all modern microprocessor controlled equipment, the
AR5000 has enormous potential and capabilities.
Note:  The AR5000 uses an EEPROM (Electronically
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) for storage
of memories and other parameters.  A permanent storage
EEPROM has the advantage of not requiring a back-up
battery to maintain data even when the receiver is
disconnected from a power supply.  The EEPROM may
be over-written many thousands of times.
6-2 Changing VFO
The term VFO historically means Variable Frequency
Oscillator
 and today refers to a tuneable data store which
contains frequency, mode, step, and attenuator
information.
The AR5000 has a total of FIVE VFOs which store
frequency, mode, tuning step, I.F. bandwidth, attenuator
setting etc.  VFO mode is selected using the 
 key.
The currently active VFO is displayed in the lower right
corner of the LCD as “VA”, “VB”, “VC”, “VD” and “VE”.
To cycle through the five VFOs, press the 
 key
repeatedly until the desired VFO is displayed.
Each VFO can be used for tuning and keying frequencies,
all can hold different parameters.  This is useful for keeping
one VFO on VHF airband (AM), one on VHF marine band
(FM), one on 20m amateur band (USB) etc...
In addition, the five VFOs are assigned additional status:
VFO-A
VFO-B   Manual search between VFO-A and VFO-B
               displayed frequencies
If an automatic frequency search is initiated with “VA” or
“
VB” displayed, the process will loop from the start
frequency in VFO-A and search until it gets to VFO-B
then loop back to the start frequency of VFO-A and repeat.
The key sequence 
  
accesses a menu
where the DELAY, L-SQ level squelch and VOICE options
may be set up for search between VFO-A and VFO-B.
VFO-C
VFO-D  Accept the frequency from the search mode
If a frequency is keyed in to VFO-C or VFO-D and the
 key held for more than one second the search
process will commence from the displayed frequency.
If 
 
is pressed while in SEARCH MODE, the active
frequency will be transferred to VFO-D, the AR5000 will
switch to VFO-D automatically where you may monitor
and tune from the selected frequency. 
						

							PAGE  18          AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL
VFO-E  Accept the frequency from the scan mode
If a frequency is keyed in to VFO-E and the  key
held for more than one second the search process will
commence from the displayed frequency.
If 
 is pressed while in SCAN MODE, the active
frequency will be transferred to VFO-E, the AR5000 will
switch to VFO-E automatically where you may monitor
and tune from the selected frequency.
Note:  If you press the VFO key for one second
or longer, SEARCH will be activated.
6-3 Tuning the receiver using the rotary controls
The receiver may be tuned using the rotary tuning controls
(MAIN DIAL and SUB DIAL) which are used to select receive
frequency and in memory mode for selection of memory
channel etc.
A tuning knob is by far the most traditional approach to
tuning on short wave, the MAIN DIAL provides a smooth
feel and the best method of user interface especially when
listening on the SSB, FAX and CW modes.  The SUB DIAL
is indented so tunes in a number of clicks and is best suited
for channelised tuning on the VHF/UHF bands.
It is possible to tune the receiver through it’s entire range
from 10 kHz to 2600 MHz.  Rotating the MAIN DIAL &
SUB DIAL clockwise increases the displayed frequency
(and tunes the receiver upward), rotating the controls
anti-clockwise decreases the displayed frequency (and
tunes the receiver downward).
The 
  
keys may also be used to increase or
decrease the receive frequency.
The AR5000 has an AUTOMODE capability where the
receive mode, frequency step and I.F. filter selection is
made automatically by the AR5000 microprocessor
following detailed bandplan information (for each world
market area).  This very much simplifies and speeds up
operation, particularly in the early stages of familiarisation.
When automode is active, the legend “AUTO” is displayed
above the right hand digit (last one, Hz) of frequency
readout.  If it is not displayed, press and hold the 
key for more than one second, the “AUTO” legend will
appear on the LCD to confirm selection.
6-4 Entering a frequency via the numeric keypad
Select VFO mode and the desired VFO out of the five
available “VA”, “VB”, “VC”, “VD” and “VE”, this achieved
by pressing the 
 
key several times until the desired
VFO is displayed on the lower right corner of the LCD
(i.e. “VA”).
The AR5000 is now in a known state of operation ready
for data input.
There are two methods of frequency entry, MHz & kHz:
MHz
The  
key is used to enter frequencies as MHz while
in VFO mode.  For example to enter a frequency of 88.300
MHz follow the key sequence  
    
There is no need to add the trailing zeros to the right,
once the 
 key has been used the AR5000
microprocessor will automatically add the additional trailing
digits.  The display will read “88.300000 MHz”
kHz
The  
key is used to accept frequency input via the
numeric keypad in kHz format.  For example: To key in a
frequency of 954 kHz, key 
    
the LCD
will display “954.000 kHz”.  This has the same effect
as keying 0.954MHz or .954MHz (Note: keying a decimal
 before the number causes a preceding zero to be
added automatically).
The kHz method of frequency entry reduces the number
of key presses required when working with low frequencies
and simplifies operation as short wave listings are often
stated in kHz.  Example: Oceanic air traffic 5616kHz or
short wave transmissions Radio Netherlands 5955kHz and
6045kHz.
Note: Frequencies below 3.0 MHz (3000 kHz) will always
be displayed as kHz regardless of the entry format.  It is
usually more convenient to enter medium wave / long wave
frequencies using the kHz format. 
						

							AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL          PAGE 19
Providing the AUTOMODE facility has been engaged
(so that the “AUTO” legend is displayed above the right
hand digit of frequency readout), you may monitor the
frequency or tune the receiver using the MAIN DIAL or
SUB DIAL.  The AR5000 microprocessor will automatically
select the appropriate tuning increment, mode and I.F.
bandwidth from the detailed automode bandplan data
pre-programmed into the receiver (specific to each world
market area).  If automode is not active, press and hold
the 
 
key for more than one second.  The “AUTO”
legend on the LCD will confirm operation.
6-5 Correction of frequency during input via
the numeric keypad
Should a mistake be made while entering frequency via
the keypad in VFO mode, the 
 
key may be used to
backspace delete the entry from the right hand side. If all
digits are deleted, the display will return to the previous
frequency.
6-6 Selecting tuning step (increment)
The specification for channel occupancy, step (separation)
and mode are decided by and allocated by departments
of Government following International discussions.
Not surprisingly the allocation of frequency bands are not
the same all over the world and channel separation (step)
varies from band to band.  As an example, the channel
separation (step) for the medium wave band in Europe is
9 kHz while in the U.S.A. it is 10 kHz.
For the above reason it is necessary to alter the STEP
size according to local bandplan conventions.  The
AR5000 has been pre-programmed at the factory with all
the bandplan data (specific to each market area) so that
the AR5000 will automatically select the appropriate step
size and mode for the frequency chosen.  This greatly
simplifies operation of the receiver while you are
familiarising yourself with all the facilities.
The pre-programming of step size may be manually
overridden so you may choose alternative settings at will
or when bandplans are updated.
The tuning step (often referred to as the tuning rate or
increment) is usually automatically set by the AR5000
using the automode bandplan information - WHEN
AUTOMODE IS ENGAGED.
To enable AUTOMODE, press and hold the 
 
key
for more than one second, the “AUTO” legend will
appear on the LCD above the right hand (last) digit of
the frequency readout to confirm selection.Most known step sizes are available with the exceptions
such as TV channels which are allocated with 6MHz or
4MHz spacing.  There will be occasions when you may
wish to change the automode step selection so it is
possible to customise the step size used by the MAIN DIAL
and SUB DIAL (step size may also be programmed in search
mode).
MAIN DIAL
Only when the VFO mode is engaged may the MAIN DIAL
be used to select the receive frequency.  Rotate the
MAIN DIAL to change the receive frequency, alternatively
the 
 
and  
keys can be used.  Frequency will
step in the pre-programmed step size as dictated by the
automode bandplan data.
The 
 
key enables the step size for tuning the
receiver to be customised.
Press the 
 key, the flashing legend “STEP” on the
LCD confirms that the STEP SELECT MENU has been
activated.  If the legend ”AUT” is displayed above-right,
then the step will automatically be determined from the
automode bandplan data.  As soon as another selection
is made automode is cancelled.
At this point the SUB DIAL may be rotated to select a new
step size for the MAIN DIAL from the following list: 0.001
kHz (1 Hz), 0.010 kHz (10 Hz), 0.050 kHz (50 Hz), 0.100
kHz (100 Hz), 0.500 kHz (500 Hz), 1.000 kHz, 5.000kHz,
6.250 kHz, 9.000 kHz, 10.000 kHz, 12.500 kHz, 20.000
kHz, 25.000 kHz, 30.000 kHz, 50.000 kHz, 100.000 kHz
and 500 kHz.
Once the selection has been made press 
 
to accept
any changes.  If you wish to abort step size selection press
In addition, unusual step sizes may be entered using the
numeric keypad (i.e. 
   
for 22 kHz or 
   for 200 Hz).  Acceptable input range is
1 Hz to 999.999 kHz.
Important:  The receive frequency must be divisible by
the step size or the receiver will not receive the desired
frequency or follow the bandplan.
Examples:
Receive frequency / Step size  
must =  round number
433.200MHz/20kHz =  Divisible  (433200 / 20 = 21660 all okay)
152.010MHz/20kHz =  Not divisible  (152010 / 20 = 7600.5 so must
                                                use the special STEP-ADJUST
               FACILITY detailed section 6-7
               of this manual). 
						

							PAGE  20          AR5000 OPERATING MANUAL
Note:  The MAIN DIAL is a mechanical encoder and as
such small variations in tuning may be experienced or the
frequency may move slightly after rotation, this is normal.
To ensure the best life span and smoothest operation,
rotate the control from time to time to ensure the encoder’s
track remains clean.
SUB DIAL
The SUB DIAL can also be used to select the receive
frequency in three different ways:
l   Same step size as the MAIN DIAL
l  10 times faster than the MAIN DIAL
l  One of the step sizes from 0.1 kHz (100 Hz),
     0.5 kHz (500 Hz), 1.0 kHz, 5.0 kHz, 10.0 kHz,
     50.0 kHz, 100.0 kHz, 500.0 kHz or 1000.0
     kHz (1 MHz).
The 
 
key enables the step size for the SUB DIAL to
be selected.
Press the 
 key, the flashing legend “STEP” on the
LCD confirms that the STEP SELECT MENU has been
activated.  The first menu is for the MAIN DIAL so press
 or  
to move on to the SUB DIAL  configuration
(if step adjust is in use the legend “*” will be displayed and
the 
  keys will require two presses to
increment to the SUB DIAL menu).  The flashing legends on
the LCD “STEP” and “SUB” indicate that the SUB DIAL
step selection menu has been activated.  Use the
SUB DIAL to make selection:
SUB  MAIN
SUB  x 10
SUB  0.1 kHz
MAIN = tuning rate for the SUB DIAL will be the same as
that of the MAIN DIAL.
x10 = tuning rate of the SUB DIAL will be ten times faster
than the MAIN DIAL (i.e. a tuning rate on the MAIN DIAL of
25 kHz will be 250 kHz on the SUB DIAL).
0.1 kHz (100 Hz), 0.5 kHz (500 Hz), 1.0 kHz, 5.0 kHz,
10.0 kHz, 50.0 kHz, 100.0 kHz, 500.0 kHz, 1000.0 kHz
(1 MHz) = tuning rates for SUB DIAL.
When the selection has been made, press 
 
to
accept the changes and return to VFO mode.  If you wish
to abort step size selection press 
6-7 Step-adjust
The AR5000 provides a powerful feature to enable
accurate following of unusual bandplans. When active,
the “STEP-ADJ” legend is displayed in the centre of the
LCD.
Step-adjust is used when the receiving frequency is not
divisible by the step size in use (It is possible that step-
adjust has been programmed into the automode bandplan
data for some world market areas).  Therefore step-adjust
is useful for certain bandplans such as cellular which in
some areas starts as 917.0125 MHz then increments in
25 kHz steps.  Another example is the CB allocation in
certain areas which starts at 27.60125 MHz then
increments in 10 kHz steps.
Example:
Tune through the UK CB frequencies of 27.60125 MHz in
10 kHz steps with mode set to FM, 15 kHz bandwidth.
Select frequency:  Select the start frequency for tuning,
in this example 27.60125 MHz 
    
   
Set up step:  Press the  
key to access the tuning
step menu.  Select a step size of 10 kHz by pressing 
 .  Select STEP-ADJUST by pressing ,
the “*” legend is displayed on the left of the LCD to confirm
operation.  Complete the sequence by pressing 
.
You may review or change the offset value used by
step-adjust via the STEP menu.  Press 
 to access
the tuning step menu.  Initially the 
step size is displayed,
press 
 
to view the STEP-ADJUST value.
Note: It is possible to enter a new value of step-adjust
using the 
SUB DIAL and numeric keypad (i.e.   
)
while viewing the step-adjust value, you can experiment
with interesting results!  If you intend direct programming
please refer to the mathematical explanation at the end
of this section 6-7.
Half step: If the original tuned frequency were a
round number such as 145.000 MHz with a step size
of say 25 kHz, the 
default step-adjust would be half of
the original step size (12.5 kHz).
Press  to accept the data input and return to VFO
mode.  Alternatively press 
 to abort entry and return
to VFO mode.
Select receive mode:  Press the 
 
key and use
the SUB DIAL to select “FM”.  Press 
 to accept the
selection and return to VFO mode.