Antares ATR1a Hardware user manual

							41
Scale and Chord Guides
Here are some of the most commonly used scales, modes and chords,
and their associated ATR-1a settings. All spellings use sharps because the
ATR-1a software uses sharps to describe all accidentals (the black notes
on the keyboard).
Scales/Modes reference chart
While the major scale needs no introduction, the others might need some
explanation. For example, the difference between the natural and har-
monic minor is only one note, the seventh scale degree. The natural minor
uses a flat seventh and is typically found in most jazz and pop styles. The
harmonic minor uses the raised seventh, sometimes called the ‘leading
tone,’ and is used in classical music styles. The raised seventh also produces
a large interval between the sixth scale degree and the seventh (an
augmented second or three semitones) — this sound is featured often in
Middle Eastern styles. The dorian mode is used in popular music styles
because of the opportunity to use a major subdominant chord in a minor
key (i.e., using an A Major chord in the key of E Minor). The phrygian
mode, which features a lowered second scale degree as its most distinctive
characteristic, is seldom used in popular music, though found fairly often
in world music styles. The mixolydian mode is basically the major scale
with a lowered seventh scale degree, and is often used in rock music. 
						

							42
Scales/Modes reference chart
KEYMAJOR NATURAL MINOR
CC D E F G A B C D D# F G G# A#
C
 /DC
 D
 F F
 G
 A
 CC
 D
 E F
 G
 A B
DD E F
 G A B C
D E F G A A
 C
D
 /ED
 F G G
 A
 C D D
 F F
 G
 A
 B C

EE F
 G
 A B C
 D
E F
 G A B C D
FF G A A
 C D E F G G
 A
 C C
 D

F
 /GF
 G
 A
 B C
 D
 FF
 G
 A B C
 D E
GG A B C D E F
G A A
 C D D
 F
G
 /AG
 A
 C C
 D
 F G G
 A
 B C
 D
 E F

AA B C
 D E F
 G
A B C D E F G
A
 /BA
 C D D
 F G A A
 C C
 D
 F F
 G

BB C
 D
 E F
 G
 A
B C
 D E F
 G A
Chord reference chart
KEYMAJOR SEVENTH MAJOR SEVENTH
(7) (MAJ 7)
CC E G C E G A
C E G B
C
 /DC
 F G
C
 F G
 BC
 F G
 C
DD F
 AD F
 A C D F
 A C

D
 /ED
 G A
D
 G A
 C
D
 G A
 D
EE G
 BE G
 B D E G
 B D

FF A C F A C D
F A C E
F
 /GF
 A
 C
F
 A
 C
 EF
 A
 C
 F
GG B D G B D F G B D F

G
 /AG
 C D
G
 C D
 F
G
 C D
 G
AA C
 EA C
 E G A C
 E G

A
 /BA
 D F A
 D F G
A
 D F A
BB D
 F
B D
 F
 AB D
 F
 A
 
						

							43
MINOR MINOR SEVENTH DIMINISHED DIMINISHED AUGMENTED
(M7) (DIM) SEVENTH (DIM7) (+)
C D
 GC D
 G A
C D
 F
 AC D
 F
 A
C E G

C
 E G
C
 E G
 BC
 E G A
C
 E G B C
 F A
D F A D F A C D F G
 BD F G
 CD F
 A

D
 F
 A
D
 F
 A
 BD
 F
 A C D
 F
 A C
D
 G B
E G B E G B D E G A
 C
E G A
 DE G
 C
F G
 CF G
 C D
F G
 B D F G
 B D
F A C

F
 A C
F
 A C
 EF
 A C D
F
 A C E F
 A
 C

G A
 DG A
 D F G A
 C
 EG A
 C
 FG B D

G
 B D
G
 B D
 F
G
 B D F G
 B D F
G
 C E
A C E A C E G A C D
 F
A C D
 GA C
 F
A
 C
 FA
 C
 F G
A
 C
 E G A
 C
 E G
A
 D F

B D F
B D F
 A B D F G
B D F A B D
 G
HARMONIC MINOR DORIAN PHRYGIAN MIXOLYDIAN
C D D
 F G G
 BC D D
 F G A A
C C
 D
 F G G
 A
 C D E F G A A

C
 D
 E F
 G
 A C C
 D
 E F
 G
 A
 BC
 D E F
 G
 A B C
 D
 F F
 G
 A
 B
D E F G A A
 C
D E F G A B C D D
 F G A A
 CD E F
 G A B C
D
 F F
 G
 A
 B D D
 F F
 G
 A
 C C
D
 E F
 G
 A
 B C
D
 F G G
 A
 C C

E F
 G A B C D
E F
 G A B C
 D E F G A B C D E F
 G
 A B C
 D
F G G
 A
 C C
 EF G G
 A
 C D D
F F
 G
 A
 C C
 D
F G A A
 C D D

F
 G
 A B C
 D F F
 G
 A B C
 D
 EF
 G A B C
 D E F
 G
 A
 B C
 D
 E
G A A
 C D D
 F
G A A
 C D E F G G
 A
 C D D
 F G A B C D E F
G
 A
 B C
 D
 E G G
 A
 B C
 D
 F F
G
 A B C
 D
 E F
G
 A
 C C
 D
 F F

A B C D E F G
A B C D E F
 GA A
 C D E F G A B C
 D E F
 G
A
 C C
 D
 F F
 AA
 C C
 D
 F G G
A
 B C
 D
 F F
 G
A
 C D D
 F G G

B C
 D E F
 G A
B C
 D E F
 G
 A B C D E F
 G A B C
 D
 E F
 G
 A 
						

							44
MIDI System Exclusive Message Formats
In the explanations, below, braces < > are used to represent enclosed MIDI
data bytes. Concatenated data is shown by < > < >. Names are also enclosed
in braces as symbolic representations defined further into the explanation.
Values are decimal unless an H is used to denote Hexadecimal values.
For example, the MIDI bytes to select song mode for DEVICE NUMBER 3 are:
F0H, 0, 1, 26H, 3, 1, F7H.
 =   
 
 = 
 = one byte in range 0 to 15. Must match
SYSEX DEVICE NUMBER set in the ATR-1a.
 =  to select program mode.
or  to select song mode.
or  bypass on
or  bypass off
or 
or 
or 
 =
 1 to 16, 0 = OMNI
 controller 0 = off, 1 = on
 controller 0 = off, 1 = on
 controller 0 = off, 1 = on
 controller 0 = off, 1 = on
 controller 0 = off, 1 = on
 0 = BYPASS, 1 = STEP
 14 to 31, 13 = OFF
 14 to 31, 13 = OFF
 14 to 31, 13 = OFF
 0 = off, 1 = on
 1 to 25
 0 to 100
 0 = make sharp, 1 = make flat
 =
 1 to 50
 0 to 25
… for C, C#,…: 0=remove, 1 =tune, 2=bypass.
 0 = off, 1 = SINE, 2 = SQUARE, 3 = SAW
 0 to 100 cents
 1 to 97 (.1 to 9.7 sec) 
						

							45
 0 to 25 (see DELAY TABLE, below)
…
 all values between 32 (ASCII blank)
and 7FH
 =
 1 to 20
 0 to 25
 0 = off, 1 = SINE, 2 = SQUARE, 3 = SAW
 0 to 100 cents
 1 to 97 (.1 to 9.7 sec)
 0 to 25 (see DELAY TABLE, below)
…
 all values between 32 (ASCII blank)
and 7FH
… 7CH = B Bypass
7DH =  Link
0 = (empty)
1 to 50 = program number
Transmitting  causes values to be immediately used in the
ATR-1a. Transmitting  or  causes the data to be
put into the ATR-1a permanent memory, but the values do not take effect.
To have those data take effect, you can:
from the front panel:
in Song Mode: a new Song must be selected.
in Program Mode: a new Program must be selected.
from MIDI control:
in Program or Song Mode, send a MIDI program change message to
recall the affected Program or Song. Note that Song or Program down-
loads don’t change Modes. You must have the correct Mode selected
before transmitting a MIDI program change, or you must transmit a
SysEx message to change to Program or Song Mode, as appropriate.
Note:Due to the necessity of writing parameter changes to EEPROM, a delay of
at least 200 milliseconds is required after the transmission of Song,
Program or System parameter changes.
Note:The ATR-1a does not protect itself against SysEx parameters being out of
range. Unpredictable results may occur if out-of-range SysEx parameters
are received. 
						

							46
Vibrato Delay Table
The following table identifies the MIDI controller values required to set
each of the possible Vibrato Delay values:
MIDI VALUE VIBRATO DELAY
(milliseconds)
00
110
220
345
470
5 100
6 140
7 190
8 230
9 270
10 315
11 370
12 435
13 510
14 600
15 710
16 830
17 970
18 1140
19 1340
20 1575
21 1850
22 2170
23 2550
24 3000
25 3500 
						

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MIDI System Exclusive Message Examples
The following examples are Scripts from Opcode’s Galaxy. They show
System Exclusive Messages which communicate with the ATR-1a.
This message will cause the ATR-1a to select Program Mode.
Put $F0 into Sys_Ex;
Put 0 1 $26 into Antares;
Put 0 into Device_Num;
Put 0 into Mode;
Put $F7 into End_Sys_Ex;
Send Sys_Ex Antares Device_Num ¬
 Mode ¬
 End_Sys_Ex;
This message will cause the ATR-1a to select Song Mode.
Put $F0 into Sys_Ex;
Put 0 1 $26 into Antares;
Put 0 into Device_Num;
Put 1 into Mode;
Put $F7 into End_Sys_Ex;
Send Sys_Ex Antares Device_Num ¬
 Mode ¬
 End_Sys_Ex;
This message sets System data in the ATR-1a.
Put $F0 into Sys_Ex;
Put 0 1 $26 into Antares;
Put $F7 into End_Sys_Ex;
Put 0 into Device_Num;
Put 4 into Mode;
Put 14 into Msg_Length;
Put 0 into MIDI_Channel;
Put 0 into MIDI_Sustain;
Put 0 into Pgm_Change;
Put 0 into MIDI_Note;
Put 0 into Pitch_Bend;
Put 0 into Mod_Wheel;
Put 0 into Foot_Switch;
Put 13 into Speed_Controller;
Put 13 into Vib_Rate_Controller;
Put 13 into Vib_Delay_Controller; 
						

							48
Put 0 into Step_Controller;
Put 7 into Sensitivity;
Put 0 into Detune;
Put 0 into Detune_Direction;
Send Sys_Ex Antares Device_Num Mode Msg_Length ¬
 MIDI_Channel MIDI_Sustain Pgm_Change ¬
 MIDI_Note Pitch_Bend Mod_Wheel ¬
 Foot_Switch Speed_Controller Vib_Rate_Controller ¬
 Vib_Delay_Controller Step_Controller Sensitivity ¬
 Detune Detune_Direction¬
 End_Sys_Ex;
This message sets Program data in the ATR-1a.
Put $F0 into Sys_Ex;
Put 0 1 $26 into Antares;
Put $F7 into End_Sys_Ex;
Put 0 into Device_Num;
Put 5 into Mode;
Put 31 into Msg_Length;
Put 28 into Pgm_Number;
Put 7 into Speed;
Put 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 into Scale;
Put 0 into Vib_Type;
Put 28 into Vib_Depth;
Put 53 into Vib_Rate;
Put 11 into Vib_Delay;
Put “My Test name.” into Name;
Send Sys_Ex Antares Device_Num Mode Msg_Length ¬
 Pgm_Number Speed Scale Vib_Type Vib_Depth ¬
 Vib_Rate Vib_Delay Name ¬
 End_Sys_Ex;
This message sets Song data in the ATR-1a.
Put $F0 into Sys_Ex;
Put 0 1 $26 into Antares;
Put $F7 into End_Sys_Ex;
Put 0 into Device_Num;
Put 6 into Mode;
Put 34 into Msg_Length;
Put 5 into Song_Number;
Put 7 into Speed; 
						

							49
Put 0 into Vib_Type;
Put 28 into Vib_Depth;
Put 53 into Vib_Rate;
Put 11 into Vib_Delay;
Put “My test name.” into Name;
Put 10 11 12 0 $7c $7d $7e $7f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 into
Programs;
Send Sys_Ex Antares Device_Num Mode Msg_Length ¬
 Song_Number Speed Vib_Type Vib_Depth Vib_Rate ¬
 Vib_Delay Name Programs ¬
 End_Sys_Ex; 
						

							50
MIDI Implementation Chart
Model: ATR-1a, version 1.13
FUNCTION TRANSMITTED RECOGNIZED REMARKS
Basic ChannelDefaultM1–16 Memorized
ChangedM1–16
ModeDefaultMMModes not used
MessagesMM
AlteredMM
Note NumberM0–127
True voiceM33–96 Pitches retuned
VelocityNote OnMM
Note OffMM
After TouchKeysMM
ChannelMM
Pitch BendMm
Control ChangeMmModulation wheel
MmSustain foot switch
MmPitch Bend
M14–31 Continuous Control
SPEED Control
VIBRATO RATE
VIBRATO DELAY
MmData increment
Program ChangeMm1–50 Programs
True numberMm1–20 Songs
System ExclusiveMmSystem, Program and
Song parameters
System CommonSong PositionMM
Song SelectMM
Tune RequestMM
System Real TimeClockMM
CommandsMM
Aux MessagesLocal On/OffMM
All Notes OffMM
Active SensingMM
System ResetMM
m = YESM = NO