Zanussi Ls3 Manual

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3. SPECIFICATIONS FOR ACTUATORS AND SENSORS
3.1 COMPONENTS
TYPE OF COMPONENT POWER AVAILABLE TYPE OF CONTROL
Wash pumpMax 250WTriac & relay
Drain pumpMax 100WTriac & relay
Washing heaterMax 2100W Relay
Water fill solenoidMax 10WTriac
Regeneration solenoidMax 10WTriac
Detergent/Rinse-aid solenoidMax 10WTriac
Fan motorMax 10WTriac
3.2 SENSORS
TYPE OF SENSOR TYPE OF READING TYPE OF COMPONENT
Salt sensor Digital 5 V Reed
Rinse-aid sensor Digital 5 V Reed
Temperature sensor Analogue 5 V * NTC
Tachimetric sensor Frequency Tachimetric generator
Level sensor Digital, high voltage Pressure switch
“Door closed” sensor Digital, high voltage switch
Anti-flooding sensor Digital, high voltage switch
* COMPARATIVE VALUES 
						

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4 OPERATION OF THE WASH / DRAIN MOTOR
4.1 WASH MOTOR
CHARACTERISTICS
This dishwasher is fitted with a single-phase variable-speed asynchronous motor.

A tachimetric sensor, fitted to the interior of the motor, constantly monitors the speed of the motor,
which is transmitted to the electronic control system.
MEASURING THE SPEED OF THE MOTOR
The operation of the motor during the washing cycle is controlled by the electronic control system,
which operates the motor at different speeds (fixed or variable).

The signal sent by the tachimetric sensor to the electronic control system (microprocessor) detects
the speed of the motor; the microprocessor performs a series of calculations and switches on the
Triac which generates the appropriate speed.

The following motor speeds are used during the washing cycle:
Fixed speed Variable speed
1600rpm
1600  = 2800rpm
2300rpm
2800rpm
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
-Power supply: 220/230V, 50Hz
- Speed: 2800 rpm
- Power absorption: 168 W
- Capacitor: 4µF
-     Direction of rotation: Anti-clockwise
- Head 200 cm
4.2 WASH / DRAIN FUNCTION
The WASH and DRAIN functions are controlled by the electronic control board, which powers the two
motors alternately by means of a switching relay fitted to the control board.
The motors electrical circuit is controlled by:

The triac (TY1), which powers the two windings and
determines the speed of rotation of the motor.

Relay R1, which switches the power from one motor
winding to the other.
The switching procedure is as follows:

WASH motor: relay not powered

DRAIN motor relay powered 
						

							TSE-P  02.01  LF 13/35 599 34  60-32 4.3 WASHING SYSTEM
This appliance features the conventional washing system, in which the mechanical action is obtained
by the rotation of the single motor. This drives the water into the hydraulic circuit and actions the two
spray arms simultaneously.
DEFINITION OF THE WASHING SYSTEM
In order to optimize the washing programmes, this appliance offers two different washing systems;
these are governed by the electronic control system, which powers the motor at two different speeds.

(ctrl) Fixed-speed washing at 2800rpm

(puls) Variable-speed (pulse) washing at 1600 > 2800rpm
The motor speeds for (ctrl) & (puls) are shown in the cycles table in the relative Service Notes.
4.3.1 (ctrl) FIXED-SPEED WASHING
The electronic control unit powers the washing motor at the maximum speed (2800 rpm), in other
words at fixed speed.
4.3.2 (puls) VARIABLE-SPEED (IMPULSE) WASHING
The variable-speed (impulse) washing system is controlled by the electronic control unit; the washing
motor is actioned sequentially at two different speeds at brief intervals.

Two timings are used for variable-speed (impulse) washing:
MOTOR SPEED VARIABLE PERIOD
Maintenance1600rpm 3/4sec
Impulse2800rpm 0,3 ÷ 0,6 ÷ 0,9sec
4.4 DRAIN MOTOR
The type of motor used is spin single-phase synchronous.
TECHINICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
- 
Power supply: 220/230V, 50Hz
- Speed: 2800 rpm
- Power absorption: 168 W
- Capacitor: 4µF
-     Direction of rotation: Anti-clockwise
- Head               200 cm 
						

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4.5 5. HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT
KEY
1. Anti-flooding device 11. Sump
2. Anti-overflow device 12. Pressure switch
3. Fill solenoid 13. Connector siphon for anti-overflow device
4. Air-Break 14. Cutting valve sump
5. Intake valve for regeneration chamber 15. Wash motor
6. Regeneration chamber 16. Drain motor
7. Vent valve 2
nd regeneration chamber 17. Non-return valve
8. Regeneration solenoid 18. Delivery valve to upper spray arm
9. Salt container 19. Upper sprayer
10. Resin reservoir 20. Vent chamber 
						

							TSE-P  02.01  LF 15/35 599 34  60-32 5.1 WATER FILL - FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM
For dishwashers fitted with motors with tachimetric sensors (1.5 New Generation models), the
electronic control system is designed to control the water fill by identifying the signals received from
the pressure switch (which thus acts as a pressure sensor).
The tachimetric sensor which signals the speed of the motor to the electronic control system is
independent of the water fill level control function.
5.1.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT
KEY:
1) Control board 5) Pressure switch
2) Fill solenoid 6) Sump
3) Anti-overflow device 7) Wash/Drain motor
4) Sump 8) Tachimetric sensor
5.1.2 DEFINITION OF THE WATER LEVEL
The pressure switch is connected pneumatically to the IWMS. Inside the IWMS, an air trap (pressure
chamber) communicating via a tube serves to determine the level of the water.

Inside the water level circuit, the air pressure is proportional to the quantity of water present in the
sump; when the pressure exceeds the predetermined threshold, the pressure switch - which is
also a pressure sensor - switches the electrical contact to FULL.

In order to maintain this condition, in dynamic operation (washing), the stability of the water level is
guaranteed so that the pressure switch remains on FULL.

In this way, it is possible to determine with certainty that the status of the pressure switch
determines the sequence of the washing cycle according to its position (FULL or EMPTY,
which indicate the presence or absence of water in the appliance); during the various phases,
switching of the pressure switch is as follows:
WASHING CYCLE SEQUENCE
SPECIFIC PHASES PRESSURE SWITCH STATUS STABILITY OBJECTIVE
During the fill phase empty > full
The water level that has been
reached
During the wash phase full (maintenance) The presence of water
During the drain phase full > empty The absence of water 
						

							TSE-P  02.01  LF 16/35 599 34  60-32 5.2 WATER FILL CONTROL
The quantity of water necessary to perform the washing cycle is determined exclusively by the closure
of the contact on the pressure switch, which switches from EMPTY to FULL.
In order to assure that the hydraulic circuit is correctly balanced, this system ensures that, if the
pressure switch re-opens on EMPTY, the water is replenished until the pressure switch returns to
FULL.
The fill phase is subdivided into the following sub-phases:
WATER FILL SUB-PHASE MOTOR STATUS CONDITIONS
Static Fill (pressure switch lev.) Stopped until FULL signal is received
Dynamic Fill (fixed duration) 1600 rpm Time-out (10 seconds)
Pause Stopped Time-out (5 seconds)
Dynamic Fill (fixed duration) 1600 rpm Time-out (5 seconds)
Control of level stability 2300 rpm (dynamic balance maintaining)
5.2.1Static Fill
With the motor switched off, the fill solenoid is activated and water is introduced into the appliance
untill “FULL” signal is received. This is followed by:
5.2.2Dynamic Fill
The motor is switched on at 1600 rpm, and water is introduced for 10 seconds
 (fixed time).

This condition makes it possible to start filling the hydraulic circuit. This is followed by:
5.2.3Pause
The motor and the fill solenoid switch off for 5 seconds (fixed time) to allow the water to fill up the
sump again.
5.2.4 Dynamic Fill to level control
The motor is switched on at 1600rpm for 5 seconds
 (fixed time) and water fill continues only if the
pressure switch is on “EMPTY”, untill it turns to “FULL”.

 The level is determined by the pressure chamber (inside the sump) to which the pressure switch
is linked. This is folowed by:
5.2.4Control of level stability
When the pressure switch signal is FULL, the fill solenoid is switched off; the motor switches on at
a constant speed of 2300 rpm.

A control procedure takes place, in which the pressure switch signal must remain closed on
FULL for 20 seconds without interruption.

The hydraulic circuit operates in optimum conditions when the pressure switch signal remains
stable on FULL. In this case, the quantity of water inside the sump is sufficient to ensure that
the motor can operate without speed fluctuations caused by cavitation, which may occur when
the water in the sump is insufficient.

When the pressure switch signal has remained on FULL for 20 seconds without interruption,
the fill phase is considered complete; the system advances to the subsequent phase.

When this condition is reached, the appliance is said to be dynamically balanced.

If the pressure switch signal should go to EMPTY during the 20 second control procedure, the
motor is switched off; the fill solenoid is again activated, and water is introduced until the
pressure switch signal returns to FULL.
This control procedure is repeated until dynamic balance is achieved.
N.B. In this case, the water level is monitored constantly by the two special safety systems
(software and hydraulic) in order to ensure that an excessive water fill does not result in water
leakage from the appliance. 
						

							TSE-P  02.01  LF 17/35 599 34  60-32 5.2.6 WATER FILL TIME
During the entire duration of the fill phase (i.e. from sub-phase 5.2.1 to sub-phase 5.2.4), the solenoid
valve may remain in the open position for a maximum overall time of 4 minutes.

Within this period, the system detects whether the pressure switch signal has stabilized on
FULL.

If the pressure switch signal stabilizes on FULL (sub-phase 5.2.4) after this 4-minute period
during which the solenoid is open, a Time-out is generated and the appliance goes into Alarm
mode [AL5] (no water).
5.2.7 POW ER FAILURE DURING WATER FILL PHASE
If the water fill phase is interrupted by a power failure, the fill always resumes from sub-phase 5.2.1
when the power supply is restored; all the counters are reset to zero.

The certainty that the fill results are correct is given by the fact that the aperture of the solenoid
depends only on the aperture of the pressure switch contact on EMPTY; in this way, water is
introduced until the level is sufficient to close the pressure switch contact on FULL.

 If the water fill phase is interrupted by opening the door, the values of all the counters are
memorized; when the door is re-closed, the water fill phase resumes from the point at which it was
interrupted.
5.3     CONTROL OF STABILITY OF WASHING WATER
When the fill phase is complete, the appliance passes to the washing phase.

In the washing phase - with cold or heated water - the status of the pressure switch is monitored
constantly in order to ensure that the hydraulic system operates efficiently.

Water replenisjment may take place is necessary.

If the pressure switch returns to EMPTY, the fill solenoid is activated for a time (T) of:
-T 3 sec if the duration of the EMPTY signal is less than 0.5 sec.
-T x sec if the duration of the EMPTY signal is in excess of 0.5 sec.
(Txsec = time required by the pressure switch to commutate from EMPTY
to FULL.
During the washing phase, the fill solenoid may remain open (also at intervals) for a maximum total
time of 60 seconds; if this period is exceeded, a Time-out is generated and the machine passes to the
Alarm condition ([AL5] - no water present).
5.3.1 INTERRUPTION OF THE WASHING CYCLE DURING WATER REPLENISHMENT
If the washing cycle is interrupted due to a power failure, the current value in the counter which
monitors the solenoid aperture time (limit 60 sec.) is reset to zero. When the power supply is restored,
the count is restarted from the beginning.

If the washing cycle is interrupted by opening the door, the current value in the counter which
monitors the solenoid aperture time (limit 60 sec.) is memorized. When the door is re-closed, the
count resumes from the point at which it was interrupted. 
						

							TSE-P  02.01  LF 18/35 599 34  60-32 5.4 CONTROL OF DRAIN CYCLE
When the washing cycle ends, the appliances passes to the drain phase.

In this phase, in order to ensure that the hydraulic circuit is empty before the start of the subsequent
phase (water fill), a control procedure is carried out at the end of the drain phase to check that the
contact of the pressure switch is open on EMPTY.
If this is the case, the appliance passes to the subsequent phase.

If, due to a malfunction in the drain phase, the contact of the pressure switch is closed on FULL
(signalling the presence of water in the hydraulic circuit), the drain phase is repeated.

If, after this second drain phase, the control system detects that the pressure switch contact is still
closed on FULL, a Time-out is generated and the machine passes to the Alarm condition [AL6 -
drain not completed).
5.4.1 INTERRUPTION OF THE DRAIN CYCLE
If the drain cycle is interrupted due to a power failure, the phase is reset to zero and all the information
relative to a possible incomplete drain cycle is lost. When the power supply is restored, the phase is
repeated from the beginning

If the drain cycle is interrupted by opening the door, the information relative to a possible incomplete
drain cycle is memorized. When the door is re-closed, the drain phase resumes from the point at
which it was interrupted. 
						

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5.5 SPECIAL REGENERATION CYCLE
With the new water softening system, the “special regeneration” process is controlled electronically,
and is subdivided into 5 levels as follows:
REGENERATION VALUES
LEVEL INDICATION WASHING CYCLEFILL
PHASESWATER HARDNESS
DEFINITIONLed  [ LD1 ]AUTONOMY REGENERATION Nº º F (TH) º D (dH)
WH11 flash
No regeneration - 0 > 8 0 >  4
WH22 flashes
5 cycles in the 6th cycle 24 9 > 30 5 > 18
* WH33 flashes
3 cycles in the 4th cycle 16 31 > 50 19 > 29
WH44 flashes
2 cycles in the 3rd cycle 12 51 > 70 30 > 40
WH55 flashes
Regeneration in every cycle 4 71 > 90 41 > 50
       * Level set in the factory
5.5.1DEFINITION OF THE SYSTEM
Cycle counting for the “special” regeneration process is performed by the electronic control system,
and is based on the number of fill phases rather than on the number of cycles; this makes the process
independent of the number and type of programmes performed.

Each time regeneration is performed, the chamber is emptied completely (about 240 cc of water).

Cycle calculation is based on a programme with 4 fill phases.

Modification of the regeneration level automatically results in regeneration being performed in the
subsequent cycle, irrespective of the number of fill phases performed previously.

With the new board, regeneration is always performed in the first cycle, irresepective of the
regeneration level selected.

If level [WH1] is selected, the regeneration process is not performed, and LED [LD13] remains unlit.
Vertical version Horizontal version
5.5.2SELECTING THE REGENERATION LEVEL
With the dishwasher switched OFF
(programme selection mode)
1Press and hold down keys [S1] & [S2
]
simultaneously
2. Press the START key [S0]

LED [LD1] lights (fixed) for 5seconds, and then begins to flash to indicate the level of
regeneration selected.

example: WH3 = ( 3 flashes – 5 seconds pause) x 60 seconds (repeated).
3. To modify the level, press [S1] repeatedly.

Each time [S1] is pressed, the regeneration level is modified; as a result, the flashing of LED
[LD1] changes.

The last level selected is stored in memory automatically after 60 seconds, after which the
dishwasher returns to programme selection mode.

LED [LD1] remains lit (fixed), while the cycle phase LEDs [LD9] & [LD10] flash.

To exit the regeneration level selection process, press the START key [S0]. 
						

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6 «ACTIVE» DRYING SYSTEM
The “Active Plus” drying system features a close integrated circuit with bidirectional convective
movement ; air is drawn in from the exterior thus allowing the circulation of the inner warm air.
6.1DEFINITION OF THE SYSTEM
The drying system is based on the natural circulation of the hot air produced during the hot rinse cycle,
in which the steam (humid hot air) circulates slowly through two ducts, this activating the process of
condensation.

 Some of the steam enters from the lower section through the steam venting ring; this steam
circulates inside the chamber where it condenses.

 The remaining part of the steam is expelled from the upper section of the tub via the external upper
duct linked with the lateral duct, in communication with the condensation chamber; in this junction
point (which isn’t waterproof) the cold air from the exterior convenes in the system, thus allowing
the circulation of the inner warm air.

 The condensation water sediments at the bottom of the chamber communicating with the hydraulic
system.

The duration of the drying cycle is approximately 10 minutes.