Sharp El531wh User Guide

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CO NTEN TS
HO W  T O  O PER ATE
Read Before Using
Key layo ut/R ese t sw it c h2
D is p lay  p atte rn3
D is p lay  fo rm at3
E xpo nen t d is p lay4
A ngu la r u nit5
Function and Key Operation
O N/O FF, e n try  c o rrectio n key s6
D ata  e n try  key s7
R an d o m  k e y
M odif y  k ey
8
B asic  a rit h m etic  key s, p are n th ese s1 0
Perce n t11
In ve rse ,  s q u are ,  c u be,  x th  p o w er o f  y ,
sq u are  r o ot,  c u be r o ot,  x th  r o ot o f  y1 2
10  t o  t h e p ower o f  x , c o m m on lo ga rit h m13
e t o  t h e p ower o f  x , n atu ra l  lo ga rit h m14
Fac to ria ls1 5
Permu ta tio ns, c o m bin atio ns16
T im e c alc u la tio n17
Fra c tio nal  c alc u la tio ns18
M em ory c alc u la tio ns19
Last a n swer m em ory20
Trigo no m etr ic  fu nctio ns21
A rc t r igo no m etr ic  fu nctio ns22
H yp erb o lic  fu n ctio ns23
C oo rd in ate  c o nversio n24
25
S TATIS TIC S F U NC TIO N
B in ary ,  p en ta l,   o cta l,   d ecim al,   a n d  
hex ad ecim al  o pera tio ns ( N -b ase )
D ata  in put a n d  c o rre ctio n26
“A N S” key s fo r 1-v aria b le  s ta tis tic s2 7
“A N S” key s fo r 2 -v aria b le  s ta tis tic s3 1
9
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How  t o  O pera te
2nd function key
P re ssin g t h is  k e y w il l   e n ab le  t h e fu nctio ns
w rit te n  in  o ra n ge  a b o ve  t h e c alc u la to r 
b utto ns.
ON/C, OFF key
D ire ct f u n ctio n
Mode key
T his  c alc u la to r c an  o pera te  in  t h ree  d if fe ren t
m odes a s fo ll o w s.

W rit te n  in  o ra n ge  a b o ve
th e O N/C  k e y
< Power o n>< Power o ff>
1 .  K EY  L AY O U T
If  t h e c alc u la to r fa ils  t o  o pera te  n o rm ally ,
p re ss t h e r e se t s w it c h  o n t h e b ac k  t o
r e in it ia lis e  t h e u nit .  T he d is p la y  fo rm at 
a n d  c alc u la tio n m ode w ill   r e tu rn  t o  t h eir
in it ia l  s e ttin gs.
RESET2 .  R ES ET S W IT C H
Rese t s w itc hRESET
2 n d f u n ctio n
N OTE:
Pre ssin g t h e r e se t s w it c h  
w ill   e ra se  a n y d ata  s to re d  
in  m em ory .
»R ead  B efo re  U sin g»
T his  o pera tio n g u id e h as b ee n  w rit te n  b ase d  o n t h e E L-5 3 1W ,  E L-5 0 9W ,  a n d  E L-5 3 1W H 
m odels .  S o m e fu n ctio ns d esc rib ed  h ere  a re  n o t fe atu re d  o n o th er m odels .  In  a d dit io n, 
k e y o pera tio ns a n d  s y m bo ls  o n t h e d is p la y  m ay  d if fe r a c co rd in g t o  t h e m odel.  
• M ode =  0; n o rm al  m ode for
p erfo rm in g n o rm al  a rit h m etic
a n d  fu n ctio n c alc u la tio ns.
[Normal mode]
•M ode =  1;  STAT-0 m ode for
p erfo rm in g 
c al  c alc u la tio ns.
[STAT-0 mode]
•M ode =  1;  S T A T-1–6  mode 
f o r p erfo rm in g 2 -v aria b le  
s ta tis tic al  c alc u la tio ns.[STAT-1–6 mode]
W hen  c h an gin g t o  t h e s ta tis tic al  s u b-m ode, 
p re ss t h e c o rre sp o nd in g n um ber k e y a ft e r 
p erfo rm in g t h e o pera tio n t o  s e le ct t h e s ta tis tic s 
m ode ( p re ss             ) .
(L IN E):	 Lin ear r e gre ss io n c alc u la tio n
(Q UAD ):	 Q uad ra tic  r e gre ssio n c alc u la tio n
(E X P):  	 Ex p o nen tia l  r e gre ss io n c alc u la tio n
(L O G):   	 Lo garit h m ic  r e gre ss io n c alc u la tio n
(P W R):	 Po w er r e gre ssio n c alc u la tio n
(IN V):  	 In ve rse  r e gre ssio n c alc u la tio n 
						

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For c o nven ie n t a n d  e asy  o pera tio n, t h is  m odel  c an  b e u se d  in  o ne o f  fo ur d is p lay  m odes.
T he s e le cte d  d is p lay  s ta tu s is  s h ow n in  t h e u p per p art o f  t h e d is p lay  ( Fo rm at In d ic ato r).
N ote : If  m ore 0 ’s ( z e ro s) t h an  n eed ed  a re  d is p laye d  w hen  t h e O N/C  key  is  p resse d , c h eck
w heth er o r n o t t h e c alc u la to r is  s e t t o  a  S p ecia l  D is p lay  Fo rm at.
•F lo atin g d ecim al  p o in t fo rm at ( n o  s y m bo l  is  d is p laye d )
Valid  v alu es b eyo nd  t h e m ax imu m  r a n ge  a re  d is p laye d  in  t h e fo rm  o f  a  [10 -d ig it
( m an tis sa ) +  2 -d ig it  ( e x po nen t)]
•F ixe d  d ecim al  p o in t fo rm at ( F IX  is  d is p laye d )
D is p lay s t h e fr a c tio nal  p art o f  t h e c alc u la tio n re su lt  a c co rdin g t o  t h e s p ecif ie d
nu m ber o f  d ecim al  p la c e s.
•S cie n tif ic  n o ta tio n ( S C I  is  d is p laye d )
Fre q uen tly  u se d  in  s c ie n ce  t o  h an d le  e x tre m ely s m all   o r la rg e  n um bers.
•E ngin ee rin g s c ie n tif ic  n o ta tio n ( E N G is  d is p laye d )
C onven ie n t fo r c o nvertin g b etwe en  d if fe re n t u nit s .
(s p ecif ie s n o rm al  m ode)
L et’s  c o m pare  t h e d is p lay  re su lt  o f
[10000 8.1 = ] in  e ac h  d is p lay  fo rm at.
4 .  D IS PLAY  F O RM AT A N D
      D EC IM AL S ETT IN G F U NCTIO N
3.  D IS PLAY  PAT TE R N
In it ia l  d is p lay
DEG
T he a c tu al  d is p lay  d o es n o t ap pear like  t h is .
T his  illu str a tio n is  fo r e x pla n ato ry p u rp o se s o nly.
1 00008 .1
( n o rm al  m ode)
DEG
N ote :  T he c alc u la to r h as t w o s e ttin gs fo r d is p la y in g a  
f lo atin g p o in t n um ber:  N O RM 1  (d efa u lt  s e ttin g) a n d  
N O RM 2. In  e ac h  d is p la y  s e ttin g,  a  n um ber is  
a u to m atic ally  d is p la y e d  in  s c ie n tif ic  n o ta tio n o uts id e a  
p re se t r a n ge :
• N O RM 1: 0.000000001    x     9999999999
•  N O RM 2: 0.01     x     9999999999
( F IX  m ode TA B =  3 )
DEGFIX 
						

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5.  E X PO NEN T D IS PLAY
The d is ta n ce  fro m  t h e e arth  t o  t h e s u n is  ap prox. 150,0 00,0 00 (1.5  x  108) k m . Valu es
su ch  a s t h is  w it h  m any  z e ro s a re  o ft e n  u se d  in  s c ie n tif ic  c alc u la tio ns, b ut e n te rin g t h e
ze ro s o ne by  o ne is  a  g re at d eal  o f  wo rk  a n d  it ’s  e asy  t o  m ake  m is ta ke s.
In  s u ch  a  c ase, t h e nu m eric al  v alu es a re  d iv id ed  in to  m an tis sa  a n d  e x po nen t p o rtio ns,
d is p laye d  a n d  c alc u la te d .
W hat is  t h e nu m ber o f  e le ctr o nic s flow in g in  a  c o nd ucto r w hen
th e e le ctr ic al  c h arg e  a c ro ss a  g iv e n  c ro ss-s e ctio n is  0 .3 2 c o u-
lo m bs. ( T he c h arg e  o n a  s in gle  e le ctro n =  1.6  x  10-19 c o ulo m bs).
0 .3 2
DEG
(S C I  m ode)
SCIDEG
X10
(E N G m ode)
ENGDEG
X10
(n o rm al  m ode)
DEG
1 91.6
DEG
X10
DEG
X10 
						

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Angu la r v alu es a re  c o nverte d  fro m  D EG  t o  R A D  t o  G RA D  w it h  e ac h  p ush  o f  t h e D RG
key. This  fu nctio n is  u se d  w hen  d o in g c alc u la tio ns r e la te d  t o  t r igo no m etr ic  fu nctio ns o r
co o rd in ate  g e o m etry  c o nversio ns.
(p/2 )

6 .  A N G ULA R U NIT
(in  D EG  m ode)
••• •• •••
O pera tio nD is p lay
9 0° ( D EG ) =
p/ 2  ( R A D ) =
10 0 ( G RA D ) =
p
2
T he re la tio nsh ip s b etwe en  t h e t h ree  t y p es
o f  a n gu la r u nit s  c an  b e e x presse d  a s r ig h t:
C heck  t o  c o nfir m  9 0 d egre e s e q ualin g p/2  r a d ia n s
eq ualin g 10 0 g ra d s.  (p= 3.141 59...)
9 0
DEG
RAD
GRAD
DEG
A ngu la r in d ic ato r
D egre e s ( D EG  is  s h ow n a t t h e t o p o f t h e d is p lay )
A  c o m monly u se d  u nit  o f  m easu re  fo r a n gle s. T he a n gu la r m easu re o f  a  c irc le
i s  e x presse d  a s 3 60°.
R ad ia n s ( R A D  is  s h ow n a t t h e t o p o f t h e d is p lay )
R ad ia n s a re  d if fe ren t t h an  d egre es a n d  e x press a n gle s b ase d  o n t h e c irc u m fe r-
e n ce  o f  a  c irc le. 18 0° is  e q uiv ale n t t o  p r a d ia n s. T herefo re, t h e a n gu la r m ea-
su re o f  a  c irc le  is  2 p  ra d ia n s.
G ra d s ( G RA D  is  s h ow n a t t h e t o p o f t h e d is p lay )
G ra d s a re  a  u nit  o f  a n gu la r m easu re u se d  in  E uro pe, p artic u la rly  in  F ra n ce.  A n
an gle  o f  9 0  d egre es is  e q uiv ale n t t o  100 g ra d s. 
						

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Turn s t h e c alc u la to r o n o r c le ars t h e d ata . It  a ls o  c le ars t h e c o nte n ts  o f  t h e
calc u la to r d is p lay  a n d  v o id s a ny  c alc u la to r c o m man d ; h o wever, c o effi-
c ie n ts  in  3 -v aria b le  li n ear e q uatio ns a n d  s ta tis tic s,  a s w ell  a s v alu es s to re d
in  t h e in d ep en d en t m em ory in  n o rm al  m ode, a re  n o t e ra se d .
Turn s t h e c alc u la to r o ff.
C le ars a ll  in te rn al  v alu es,  in clu d in g c o effic ie n ts  in  3 -v aria b le  lin ear e q u atio ns a n d
sta tis tic s. Va lu es s to red  in  m em ory  in  n o rm al  m ode a re  n o t e ra se d .
T hese  a rr o w  k e ys a re  u se fu l  fo r M ult i- L in e p la y b ac k ,  w hic h  le ts  y o u
sc ro ll  t h ro ugh  c alc u la tio n s te p s o ne by o ne. ( r e fe r t o  p age  8 )
T hese  key s a re  u se fu l  fo r e d it in g e q uatio ns. T hekey m oves t h e
cu rso r to  th e le ft , a n d  th ekey m oves t h e c u rso r t o  t h e r ig h t. T he
         key  d ele te s t h e s y m bo l/ n um ber a t t h e c u rso r. 
O N /O FF, E n tr y
C orre cti o n K eys
»F unctio n  a n d K ey O pera tio n»
         k e y in se rts  t h e s y m bo l/ n um ber a t t h e c u rso r. 
						

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Data  E ntry  K eys
P rovid ed  t h e e arth  is  m ovin g a ro un d  t h e s u n  in  a  c irc u la r o rb it ,
h ow  m an y k ilo m ete rs w ill  it  t r ave l  in  a  y e ar?
*  T he ave ra ge  d is ta n ce  b etwe e n  t h e e arth  a n d  t h e s u n b ein g
1.4 96 x  108 k m .
Circ u m feren ce  e q u als  d ia m ete r x  p; t h erefo re,
1.4 96 x  108 x  2  x  p
0  t o  9
P ress in g p a u to m atic ally  e n te rs t h e v alu e fo r p ( 3 .1415 9...) .
T he c o nsta n t p, u se d  fre q uen tly  in  fu nctio n c alc u la tio ns, is  t h e r a tio  o f  t h e
circ u m fe ren ce  o f  a  c irc le  t o  it s  d ia m ete r.

N um eric  k eys fo r e n te rin g d ata  v alu es.
D ecim al  p o in t key.  E n te rs a  d ecim al  p o in t.
E nte rs m inu s s y m bo l  o r s ig n  c h an ge  key.
C han ge s p o sit ive  nu m bers t o  n egative  a n d  n ega tiv e  nu m bers t o  p o sit ive.
P ress in g t h is  key  sw it c h es t o  s c ie n tif ic  n o ta tio n d ata  e n try.
O pera tio nD is p lay
2
14 968
DEG
X10
DEG 
						

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Rand om
G en era te s r a n d o m  nu m bers.
R an d o m  nu m bers a re  t h ree -d ecim al- p la c e  v alu es b etwe en  0.000  an d  0.999.    U sin g t h is
f u nctio n e n ab le s t h e u se r t o  o bta in  u n bia se d  s a m pli n g d ata  d erive d  fro m  r a n d o m
valu es g e n era te d  by t h e c alc u la to r.

A PP LIC ATIO NS:
Build in g s a m ple  s e ts  fo r s ta tis tic s o r r e se arc h .
0 . * **  (A  r a nd om  n um ber h a s b ee n  g en era te d .)
[ R an d o m  D ic e ]
T o s im ula te  a  d ie -r o lli n g,  a  r a n d o m  in te ge r b etw een  1  an d  6  can  b e g e n era te d  b y 
p re ss in g                                     .  T o g e n era te  t h e n ex t r a n d o m  d ic e  n u m ber,  p re ss       .
[ R an d o m  C oin ]
T o s im ula te  a  c o in  fli p ,  0  (h ead s) o r 1  (t a il s ) c an  b e r a n d o m ly  g e n era te d  b y p re ssin g 	
                                   
[ R an d o m  I n te ge r]
A n in te ge r b etw ee n  0  an d  99  can  b e g e n era te d  r a n d o m ly  b y p re ssin g                                     . 
T o g e n era te  t h e n ex t r a n d o m  in te ge r,  p re ss        . 
						

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Fu nctio n t o  ro un d  c alc u la tio n re su lt s .
E ven  a ft e r s e ttin g t h e nu m ber o f  d ecim al  p la c e s o n t h e d is p lay,  t h e c alc u la to r p er-
fo rm s c alc u la tio ns u sin g a  la rg e r n um ber o f  d ecim al  p la c e s t h an  t h at w hic h  ap p ears
o n t h e d is p lay.  B y u sin g t h is  fu n ctio n, in te rn al  c alc u la tio ns w ill  b e p erfo rm ed  u sin g
o nly t h e d is p laye d  v alu e.
A PP LIC ATIO NS:
Fre q u en tly  u se d  in  s c ie n tif ic  a n d  t e ch n ic al  fie ld s, a s we ll  a s b usin ess,
w hen  p erfo rm in g c h ain ed  c alc u la tio ns.

Rounded calculation (MDF)
FIX mode TAB = 1 (normal calculation)
5 .0
0 .6
0 .6
5 .4
59
9
59
9
M odify
( in te rn a lly,   0 .6 )
(in te rn a lly,   0 .5 555 ...)
 (in te rn a lly,   0 .5 555 ... )