Runco Vx 3c Projector User Manual

							RS-232 PROTOCOL
9600 Baud
8 bits
No parity
1 Stop bit
ASCII
RxD of the PC or TxD of the VHD is on pin2
TxD of the PC or RxD of the VHD is on pin3
Gnd is pin 5
RTS of the PC or CTS of the VHD is on pin7 (not used)
CTS of the PC or RTS of the VHD in on pin8 (not used)
Command format 
Inputs: Aspect Ratios: Power:
0 = Composite A = Anamorphic ON = Power on
1 = S-Video L = LetterBox OF = Power off
2 = Component S = Standard (4:3)
3 = Pass Through C = Computer (for Pass-Through)
R = RGB HDTV (for Pass-Through)
Y = YUV HDTV (for Pass-Through)
To keep the currently selected aspect ratio or input, replace the letter/number with a dash -
Each command must be followed by a carriage return .
Examples:
2L will select the component input and change the aspect ratio to letterbox
-A will change the aspect ratio to anamorphic, but leave the input selection alone
1- will change the input to S-Video, but leave the aspect ratio alone
RS-232 Projector Control requires a cable terminated with male RJ-11 jacks at both ends. 
Wiring is the same as for a phone (ie. in a cross configuration).
6-19
Projector VHD Controller
N.C. 1 6
GND 2 5 GND
RxD/TxD 3 4 RxD/TxD
RxD/TxD 4 3 RxD/TxD
GND 5 2 GND
N.C. 6 1 
						

							6-20
Inputs:(1) Component, (1) S-video, (1) Composite, (1) Pass-through
Inp ut s tand ards:  NTSC  (PAL , NTSC export version )
Output formats: 1024 x 575 (anamorphic), 768 x 575 (wide screens), 1024 x 768 (4:3 screens)
Bandwidth:Video inputs: 0-5.5 Mhz
Pass-through: 100 Mhz
Power input:120V (220V export model), 50/60 Hz
Power 
consumption:15W
Control Options:RS-232, Infrared, Front panel
Operating
environment:41-95° F (5-35° C)
0-90% humidity (non-condensing)
Dimensions: Width: 17.45 in./443.23 mm
Depth: 16 in./406.40 mm
Height: 3.5 in./88.90 mm
W eight: 16 lbs ./7.26 kg
Safety 
Regulations:Complies with UL, FCC class ‘B’, CE, C-tick
Fuses:(Screen Fuse: 5mm x  25mm, AGC, 1A, 250v, Fast Blow)      
(Main Fuse: 5mm x  20 mm, 500mA, 250v, Slow Blow)
Rack Ears:Included
SPECIFICATIONS
•Remote Control w/ 2 AAA Batteries
•Power Cord
•Users Manual
Supplied Accessories 
						

							A-1
Appendix A
This appendix defines the specific terms used in this manual as they apply to this projector. Also included are
other general terms commonly used in the projection industry.
Active Line Time!The time, inside one horizontal scan line, during which video is generated.
Ambient Light Rejection!The ability of a screen to reflect ambient light in a direction away from the line
of best viewing. Curved screens usually have good ambient light rejection. Flat
screens usually have less ambient light rejection.
Analog Video!The video output of most computers and video tape machines. Analog video can
generate a large number of colors.
Aspect Ratio!The ratio of the width of an image to its height, such as the 4:3 aspect ratio com-
mon in video output.
Auto Source!The ability of the projector to automatically recognize and synchronize to the
horizontal and vertical scan frequencies of an input signal for proper display.
Bandwidth!The frequency range of the projectors video amplifier.
Baud Rate!The speed at which serial communications travel from their origin. In this pro-
jector, the RS-232 or RS-422 default baud rate of 38400 can be changed to
match a controlling device. 
Blanking Time!The time inside one scan line during which video is not generated. The blanking
time of the input signal must be equal to or greater than the retrace time of the
projector.
Brightness!In projection, brightness usually describes the amount of light emitted from a
surface such as a screen. It is measured in foot-lamberts or candelas per square
meter.
Candela or Candle!Unit of measure for measuring intensity of light.
Channel!A collection of measurements stored by the projector for a given input source,
including frequencies, pulse width, polarity, syncs, channel number and location,
user-adjustable display settings, etc. Use channels to switch between a variety of
setups quickly, automatically recalling previously defined display parameters.
Channel List!A list/menu of previously-defined channels available in projector memory.
Channel Number!A number that uniquely identifies a specific channel retained in projector memo-
ry. The projector can retain up to 99 channels.
Glossary 
						

							A-2
GLOSSARY
Checkbox!A menu item that indicates whether an option is currently in effect (checked) or
not (unchecked).
Color Shift!A change in the color of a white field across an image (white field uniformity).
Color Temperature!The coloration (reddish, white, bluish, greenish, etc.) of white in an image,
measured using the Kelvin (degrees K) temperature scale. Higher temperatures
appear bluer, while lower color temperatures appear redder.
Component Video!See YCbCr or YPbPr.
Composite Video!The output of video tape players and some computers, characterized by synchro-
nization, luminance and color signals combined on one output cable.
Contrast (ratio)!The degree of difference between the lightest and darkest areas of the image.
Convergence!The alignment of the red, green, and blue elements of a projected image.
Curved Screen!A projection screen which is slightly concave for improved screen gain. Curved
screens usually have screen gains which are greater than 1 but viewing angles
much less than 180°. Curved screens are not recommended for use with this pro-
jector.
DDI!A Direct Digital Interface signal can be supplied to the projector via an optional
digital input module installed in INPUT 2. For example, you can input an
SMPTE-259M signal using a Serial Digital Input Module or input an SMPTE-
272M signal from a HDTV Serial Input Module.
DMD 
!Digital Micromirror Devicesused in this projector for processing red, green,
and blue color data.
Decoder!Located at INPUT 3 and INPUT 4, this device converts NTSC 3.58, NTSC 4.4,
PAL, PAL-N, PAL-M, or SECAM to RGB video.
Detail!The sharpness of a display from a video source.
Diffused Screen!A type of rear-projection screen which spreads the light striking it. Screen gain is
less than 1 but audience viewing angles are increased.
Display Setting!An adjustment that affects the display of an image. Such display settings include
contrast, brightness, tint, blanking, size, offsets, and others.
Flicker!A very rapid variation in image brightness caused by a frame rate that is too
slow. (See Interlace.)
Frame Rate!The frequency at which complete images are generated. For non-interlaced sig-
nals, the frame rate is identical to the vertical frequency. For interlaced signals,
the frame rate (also known as field rate) is one half of vertical frequency.
Foot-candle!The intensity of visible light per square foot.
Foot-lambert!The luminance (brightness) which results from one foot-candle of illumination
falling on a perfectly diffuse surface.
Gain or Screen Gain!The ability of a screen to direct incident light to an audience. A flat matte white
wall has a gain of approximately 1. Screens with gain less than 1 attenuate inci-
dent light; screens with gain more than 1 direct more incident light to the audi-
ence but have a narrow viewing angle. For example: An image reflecting off a  
						

							A-3
GLOSSARY
a 10 gain screen appears 10 times brighter than it would if reflected off a matte
white wall. Curved screens usually have larger gain than flat screens.
Help Screen!A display of help information regarding the current task or presentation.
Horizontal Frequency!The frequency at which scan lines are generated, which varies amongst sources.
Also called horizontal scan rate or line rate.
Horizontal Offset!The difference between the center of the projected image and the center of the
projector lens. For this projector, this value is expressed as the maximum per-
centage of the image that can be projected to one side of the lens center without
degrading the image quality. Horizontal offset ranges can be affected by the type
of lens in use, and whether or not the image is offset vertically at the same time.
Hot Spot!A circular area of a screen where the image appears brighter than elsewhere on
the screen. A hot spot appears along the line of sight and moves with the line
of sight. High gain screens and rear screens designed for slide or movie projec-
tion usually have a hot spot.
Input!A physical connection route for a source signal, described by a 2-digit number
representing 1) its switcher/projector location and 2) its slot in the switcher/pro-
jector.
Input Signal!Signal sent from a source device to the projector.
Interface!A device, such as the Serial Digital Input Module, that accepts an input signal
for display by the projector.
Interlace!A method used by video tape players and some computers to double the vertical
resolution without increasing the horizontal line rate. If the resulting frame/field
rate is too low, the image may flicker depending on the image content.
Keypad!A small push-button device for controlling most projector settings and operation.
For more information, refer to 3.3, Using the Keypad.
Keystone!A distortion of the image which occurs when the top and bottom borders of the
image are unequal in length. Side borders both slant in or out, producing a key-
stone shaped image. It is caused when the screen and lens surface are not paral-
lel.
Linearity!The reproduction of the horizontal and vertical size of characters and/or shapes
over the entire screen.
Line of Best Viewing!When light from a projector is incident on a screen, the light reflects from the
screen such that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence. The Line
of Best Viewing is along the line of reflection.
Loop through!The method of feeding a series of high impedance inputs from a single video
source with a coaxial transmission line in such a manner that the line is terminat-
ed with its characteristic impedance at the last input on the line.
Lumen!The unit of measure for the amount of visible light emitted by a light source.
Lux!The amount of visible light per square meter incident on a surface.
1 lux = 1 lumen/square meter = 0.093 foot-candles 
						

							A-4
GLOSSARY
Menu!A list of selectable options displayed on the screen.
NTSC Video!A video output format of some video tape and disk players. There are two types
of NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) video: NTSC 3.58 and
NTSC 4.43. NTSC 3.58 is used primarily in North America and Japan. NTSC
4.43 is less commonly used.
Optical Screen!A type of rear-projection screen which re-directs light through the screen to
increase image brightness in front of the screen. Screen gain is usually greater
than 1 but audience viewing angles are reduced. 
PAL Video!PAL (Phase Alternating Line) video is a 50 Hz standard with 768 x 576 resolu-
tion. It is found on some video tape and disk players (used primarily in Europe,
China and some South American and African countries).
Pincushion!A distortion of the image shape characterized by concave or convex borders.
Pixel (picture element)!The smallest discernible element of data from a computer-generated image.
Pixel Phase!The phase of the pixel sampling clock relative to incoming data.
Pixel Tracking!The frequency of the pixel sampling clock, indicated by the number of pixels per
line. 
Projector-to-Screen Distance!
The distance between the projectors front feet centers and the screen. Also
called Throw Distance.
Protocol!The type of code format called A or B utilized by the remote keypad(s). The
default protocol set at manufacture is Protocol A. By using two different key-
pad protocols, adjacent projectors can be controlled independently with their
remote IR keypads.
Pull-down List!A selectable menu item that unfolds into a list of options pertaining to it.
Rear Screen!A translucent panel for screen projection. Incident light travels through the inci-
dent surface of a rear screen and forms an image on the other surface.
Resizing!The ability to manipulate through software commands the physical size, place-
ment and/or aspect ratio of an image.
Resolution (lens)!The maximum number of alternate white and black horizontal lines that can be
distinguished on a screen when a photographic target is placed between the lens
and a light source and illuminated by that source.
Resolution (projector)!The maximum number of pixels that the projector can display horizontally and
vertically across an image, such as 1024 x 768 (called XGA).
Retrace Time!(Horizontal) The minimum time required for a CRT projector to move the posi-
tion of the scanning spot from the right edge to the left edge.
Rise Time!The time required by the video amplifier of the projector to increase its output
from 10% to 90% of the maximum value. 
						

							A-5
GLOSSARY
RGB Video!The video output (analog or digital) of most computers. Analog RGB video can have 3,
4, or 5 wires - one each for red, green, and blue, and either none, one or two for sync.
For three-wire RGB, the green wire usually provides sync. (See TTL Video).
RS-232!A common asynchronous data transmission standard recommended by the Electronics
Industries Association (EIA). Also called serial communication.
RS-422!A less common asynchronous data transmission standard in which balanced differential
voltage is specified. RS-422 is especially suited to long distances.
S-Video!The output from certain video tape players and video equipment. S-Video separates sync
and luminance from color information, typically producing a higher quality display than
composite video.
Scan Frequency!The horizontal or vertical frequency at which images are generated.
Scan Line!One horizontal line on the display.
SECAM!A video output format of some video tape and disc players (used primarily in France).
SECAM (Sequential Couleur á Mémoire) signals are similar in resolution and frequency
to PAL signals. The primary difference between the two standards is in the way color
information is encoded.
Slidebar!A slidebar is a graphical display of an adjustable setting. The numerical setting often
represents a percentage but can be a specific unit such as degrees Kelvin.
Source!The device, such as a computer or VCR, connected to the projector for display. A source
is identified at the projector as        ,       ,       , or         , or as other user-defined num-
bers. A source may have numerous corresponding channels defined and recognized by
the projector. See Input.
Source Setup!See Channel.
Spot Size!The diameter of the smallest dot that can be generated by a CRT projector. This projec-
tor has a fixed spot (pixel) size.
Sync!This term refers to the part of the video signal that is used to stabilize the picture. Sync
can occur in three forms:
1) Composite sync:  the horizontal and vertical components are together on
one cable.
2) Sync-on-green:  the sync is part of the green video.
3) Separate sync or H.SYNC and V.SYNC:  the horizontal and vertical
components of the sync are on two separate cables.
Sync Width!The duration of each sync pulse generated by a computer. The sync width is part of the
blanking time.
TTL Video!A type of RGB video with digital characteristics.
Terminated!A wire connecting a single video source to a display device, such as a projector, must be
terminated by a resistance (usually 75Ωfor video).
 Input1 Input2 Input3 Input4 
						

							A-6
GLOSSARY
Throw Distance!The distance between the front feet of the projector and the screen. Also called
Projector-to-Screen Distance. Always use the correct throw distance formula to calcu-
late the proper throw distance (±5%) required for your lens.
Tint!Balance of red-to-green necessary for realistic representation of NTSC signals.
Variable Scan!The ability of a projector to synchronize to inputs with frequencies within a specified
range.
Vertical Frequency!The frequency at which images are generated. Vertical frequencies vary amongst
sources. Also called vertical scan rate.
Vertical Offset!The difference between the center of the projected image and the center of the projector
lens. For this projector, this value is expressed as the maximum percentage of the image
that can be projected above or below the lens center without degrading the image quali-
ty. Vertical offset ranges depend on the type of lens in use, and whether or not the image
is offset horizontally at the same time.
Video!The signal that is used by display devices (such as projectors) to generate an image.
This term also refers to the output of video tape/disk players and computers.
Video Decoder!An optional device that converts NTSC 3.58, NTSC 4.4, PAL, PAL-N, PAL-M or
SECAM to RGB video.
Video Standard!A specific type of video signal, such as NTSC, PAL, SECAM. This projector can auto-
matically recognize and interpret the incoming standard and display accordingly.
Viewing Angle!Screens do not reflect equally in all directions. Most light is reflected in a conical vol-
ume centered around the line of best viewing. Maximum brightness is perceived if
you are within the viewing cone defined by the horizontal and vertical viewing angles.
White Balance!The color temperature of white used by the projector.
White Field!The area of an image that is white only. For example, a full white field is an image that
is white everywhere. A 10% white field is a white area (usually rectangular) that occu-
pies 10% of the image; the remaining 90% is black.
YCbCr!A high-end digitalcomponent video signal.
YPbPr!A high-end analogcomponent video signal. Sometimes called YUV, Component, or Y,
R-Y, B-Y, the YPbPr signal by-passes the video decoder in this projector.
YUV!See YPbPr. 
Zoom!The adjustment of image size by means of a zoom lens. 
						

							B-1
KEYPAD REFERENCE
Figure B-1. Keypad
Appendix B 
						

							C-1
Menu Tree
Appendix C