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Planet Technology Router XRT-401E User Manual

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    							 46 Appendix A 
    How to Manually find your PC’s IP and MAC address 
     
    1) In Window’s open the Command Prompt program 
      
      
    2) Type ipconfig /all and  
       
    						
    							 47 · Your PC’s IP address is the one entitled IP address (192.168.0.7) 
    · The router’s IP address is the one entitled Default Gateway (192.168.0.1) 
    · Your PC’s MAC Address is the one entitled Physical Address  (00-48-54-12-41-44)  
    						
    							 48 Glossary 
     
    Default Gateway (Router): Every non-router IP device needs to configure a default gateway’s IP 
    address. When the device sends out an IP packet, if the destination is not on the same network, 
    the device has to send the packet to its default gateway, which will then send it out towards the 
    destination. 
    DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This protocol automatically gives every computer 
    on your home network an IP address. 
    DNS Server IP Address: DNS stands for Domain Name System, which allows Internet servers to 
    have a domain name (such as www.Broadbandrouter.com) and one or more IP addresses (such 
    as 192.34.45.8). A DNS server keeps a database of Internet servers and their respective domain 
    names and IP addresses, so that when a domain name is requested (as in typing 
    www.planet.com.tw into your Internet browser), the user is sent to the proper IP address. The 
    DNS server IP address used by the computers on your home network is the location of the DNS 
    server your ISP has assigned to you.  
    DSL Modem: DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line. A DSL modem uses your existing phone 
    lines to transmit data at high speeds.  
    Ethernet: A standard for computer networks. Ethernet networks are connected by special cables 
    and hubs, and move data around at up to 10/100 million bits per second (Mbps).  
    Idle Timeout: Idle Timeout is designed so that after there is no traffic to the Internet for a pre-
    configured amount of time, the connection will automatically be disconnected. 
     
    IP Address and Network (Subnet) Mask: IP stands for Internet Protocol. An IP address consists 
    of a series of four numbers separated by periods, that identifies a single, unique Internet 
    computer host in an IP network. Example: 192.168.0.1. It consists of 2 portions: the IP network 
    address, and the host identifier. 
     
    The IP address is a 32-bit binary pattern, which can be represented as four cascaded decimal 
    numbers separated by “.”: aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa, where each “aaa” can be anything from 000 to 255, 
    or as four cascaded binary numbers separated by “.”: bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb, 
    where each “b” can either be 0 or 1. 
    A network mask is also a 32-bit binary pattern, and consists of consecutive leading 
    1’s followed by consecutive trailing 0’s, such as 
    11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. Therefore sometimes a network mask can also be 
    described simply as “x” number of leading 1’s. 
    When both are represented side by side in their binary forms, all bits in the IP address that 
    correspond to 1’s in the network mask become part of the IP network address, and the remaining 
    bits correspond to the host ID.  
     
    For example, if the IP address for a device is, in its binary form, 
    11011001.10110000.10010000.00000111, and if its network mask is, 
    11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000 
    It means the device’s network address is  
    11011001.10110000.10010000.00000000, and its host ID is, 
    00000000.00000000.00000000.00000111. This is a convenient and efficient method for routers 
    to route IP packets to their destination.  
    						
    							 49 ISP Gateway Address: (see ISP for definition). The ISP Gateway Address is an IP address for 
    the Internet router located at the ISPs office.  
    ISP: Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity to the Internet for 
    individuals and other businesses or organizations.  
    LAN: Local Area Network. A LAN is a group of computers and devices connected together in a 
    relatively small area (such as a house or an office). Your home network is considered a LAN.  
    MAC Address: MAC stands for Media Access Control. A MAC address is the hardware address 
    of a device connected to a network. The MAC address is a unique identifier for a device with an 
    Ethernet interface. It is comprised of two parts: 3 bytes of data that corresponds to the 
    Manufacturer ID (unique for each manufacturer), plus 3 bytes that are often used as the product’s 
    serial number. 
    NAT: Network Address Translation. This process allows all of the computers on your home 
    network to use one IP address. Using XRT-401E’s NAT capability, you can access the Internet 
    from any computer on your home network without having to purchase more IP addresses from 
    your ISP.  
    Port: Network Clients (LAN PC) uses port numbers to distinguish one network 
    application/protocol over another. Below is a list of common applications and protocol/port 
    numbers: Application Protocol Port Number Telnet TCP 23 FTP TCP 21 SMTP TCP 25 POP3 TCP 110 H.323 TCP 1720 SNMP UCP 161 SNMP Trap UDP 162 HTTP TCP 80 PPTP TCP 1723 PC Anywhere TCP 5631 PC Anywhere UDP 5632  
     
    PPPoE: Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. Point-to-Point Protocol is a secure data 
    transmission method originally created for dial-up connections; PPPoE is for Ethernet 
    connections. PPPoE relies on two widely accepted standards, Ethernet and the Point-to-Point 
    Protocol. It is a communications protocol for transmitting information over Ethernet between 
    different manufacturers 
     
    Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules for interaction agreed upon between multiple parties so that 
    when they interface with each other based on such a protocol, the interpretation of their behavior 
    is well defined and can be made objectively, without confusion or misunderstanding.  
     
    Router: A router is an intelligent network device that forwards packets between different 
    networks based on network layer address information such as IP addresses.  
    						
    							 50 Subnet Mask: A subnet mask, which may be a part of the TCP/IP information provided by your 
    ISP, is a set of four numbers (e.g. 255.255.255.0) configured like an IP address. It is used to 
    create IP address numbers used only within a particular network (as opposed to valid IP address 
    numbers recognized by the Internet, which must be assigned by InterNIC).  
    TCP/IP, UDP: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Unreliable Datagram 
    Protocol (UDP). TCP/IP is the standard protocol for data transmission over the Internet. Both TCP 
    and UDP are transport layer protocol. TCP performs proper error detection and error recovery, 
    and thus is reliable. UDP on the other hand is not reliable. They both run on top of the IP (Internet 
    Protocol), a network layer protocol. 
     
    WAN: Wide Area Network. A network that connects computers located in geographically 
    separate areas (e.g. different buildings, cities, countries). The Internet is a wide area network. 
     
    Web-based management Graphical User Interface (GUI): Many devices support a graphical 
    user interface that is based on the web browser. This means the user can use the familiar 
    Netscape or Microsoft Internet Explorer to Control/configure or monitor the device being managed. 
      
    						
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