Netgear R8500 Nighthawk X8 Tri Band Ac5300 Wifi Router User Manual

							4.Noting your port triggering rule and observing the destination port number of 6667, your router creates another
session entry to send any incoming port 113 traffic to your computer.
5.The IRC server sends a return message to your router using the NAT-assigned source port (for example, port
33333) as the destination port and sends an “identify” message to your router with destination port 113.
6.When your router receives the incoming message to destination port 33333, it checks its session table to see
if a session is active for port number 33333. Finding an active session, the router restores the original address
information replaced by NAT and sends this reply message to your computer.
7.When your router receives the incoming message to destination port 113, it checks its session table and finds
an active session for port 113 associated with your computer.The router replaces the message’s destination
IP address with your computer’s IP address and forwards the message to your computer.
8.When you finish your chat session, your router eventually senses a period of inactivity in the communications.
The router then removes the session information from its session table and incoming traffic is no longer accepted
on port numbers 33333 or 113.
Customize Internet Traffic Rules for Ports
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							15
Troubleshooting
This chapter provides information to help you diagnose and solve problems you might experience with your router. If
you do not find the solution here, check the NETGEAR support site at http://support.netgear.com for product and contact
information.
The chapter contains the following sections:
•Quick Tips on page 173
•Troubleshoot With the LEDs on page 173
•Cannot Log In to the Router on page 175
•Cannot Access the Internet on page 175
•Changes Not Saved on page 178
•WiFi Connectivity on page 178
•Troubleshoot Your Network Using the Ping Utility on page 179
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							Quick Tips
This section describes tips for troubleshooting some common problems.
Sequence to Restart Your Network
When you restart your network, follow this sequence:
1.Turn off and unplug the modem.
2.Turn off the router.
3.Plug in the modem and turn it on.Wait two minutes.
4.Turn on the router and wait two minutes.
Check Ethernet Cable Connections
If your device does not power on, make sure that the Ethernet cables are securely plugged in.The Internet LED on
the router is lit if the Ethernet cable connecting the router and the modem is plugged in securely and the modem
and router are turned on. If one or more powered-on computers are connected to the router by an Ethernet cable,
the corresponding numbered router LAN port LED lights.
Network Settings
Make sure that the network settings of the computer are correct.Wired and wirelessly connected computers must
use network (IP) addresses on the same network as the router.The simplest way to do this is to configure each
computer to obtain an IP address automatically using DHCP.
Some cable modem service providers require you to use the MAC address of the computer initially registered on
the account.You can view the MAC address on the Attached Devices page.
WiFi Settings
Make sure that the WiFi settings in the computer and router match exactly.The WiFi network name (SSID) and WiFi
security settings of the router and the computer or WiFi-capable device must match exactly.
If you set up an access list on the Wireless Settings page, you must add each computer or WiFi device’s MAC
address to the router’s access list.
Troubleshoot With the LEDs
By default, the router is set with standard LED settings. If you turned off the LEDs except the Power LED, you must
return the LEDs to their standard settings for troubleshooting. Pressing the LED button on the front panel of the
router turns the LEDs on and off.
Standard LED Behavior When the Router Is Powered On
After you turn on power to the router, verify that the following sequence of events occurs:
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							1.When power is first applied, verify that the Power LED  is lit.
2.After about two minutes, verify the following:
•The Power LED is solid white.
•The Internet LED is lit.
•The WiFi LEDs are lit unless you turned off the WiFi radios.
You can use the LEDs on the front panel of the router for troubleshooting.
Power LED Is Off or Blinking
This could occur for a number of reasons. Check the following:
•Make sure that the power adapter is securely connected to your router and securely connected to a working
power outlet.
•Make sure that you are using the power adapter that NETGEAR supplied for this product.
•If the Power LED blinks slowly and continuously, the router firmware is corrupted.This can happen if a firmware
upgrade is interrupted, or if the router detects a problem with the firmware. If the error persists, it is likely that a
hardware problem exists. For recovery instructions, or help with a hardware problem, contact technical support
at www.netgear.com/support.
Power LED Stays Amber
When the router is turned on, the Power LED turns amber for up to two minutes and then turns white. If the LED
does not turn white, this indicates a problem with the router.
If the Power LED is still amber three minutes after you turn on power to the router, do the following:
•Cycle the power to see if the router recovers.
•Press and hold the Reset button to return the router to its factory settings. For more information, see Factory
Settings on page 182.
If the error persists, a hardware problem might be the cause. Contact technical support at www.netgear.com/support.
LEDs Never Turn Off
When the router is turned on, the LEDs light for about 10 seconds and then turn off. If all the LEDs stay on, this
indicates a fault within the router.
If all LEDs are still lit one minute after power-up, do the following:
•Cycle the power to see if the router recovers.
•Press and hold the Reset button to return the router to its factory settings. For more information, see Factory
Settings on page 182.
If the error persists, a hardware problem might be the cause. Contact technical support at www.netgear.com/support.
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							2.4 GHz, 5 GHz-1, and 5 GHz-2 WiFi LEDs Are Off
If these LEDs stay off, check to see if someone pressed the WIFI button on the front of the router.This button turns
the WiFi radios in the router on and off.These LEDs are lit when the WiFi radios are turned on.
Internet or Ethernet Port LEDs Are Off
If the Internet LED or the Ethernet port LEDs does not light when the Ethernet connection is made,
check the following:
•Make sure that the Ethernet cable connections are secure at the router and at the modem or computer.
•Make sure that power is turned on to the connected modem or computer.
•Be sure that you are using the correct cable.
When connecting the router’s Internet port to a cable or DSL modem, use the cable that was supplied with the cable
or DSL modem.This cable can be a standard straight-through Ethernet cable or an Ethernet crossover cable.
Cannot Log In to the Router
If you are unable to log in to the router from a computer on your local network, check the following:
•If you are using an Ethernet-connected computer, check the Ethernet connection between the computer and
the router.
•Make sure that the IP address of your computer is on the same subnet as the router. If you are using the
recommended addressing scheme, your computer’s address is in the range of 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.254.
•If your computer’s IP address is shown as 169.254.x.x, recent versions of Windows and Mac OS generate and
assign an IP address if the computer cannot reach a DHCP server.These autogenerated addresses are in the
range of 169.254.x.x. If your IP address is in this range, check the connection from the computer to the router,
and reboot your computer.
•If your router’s IP address was changed and you do not know the current IP address, clear the router’s
configuration to factory defaults.This sets the router’s IP address to 192.168.1.1. For more information, see
Factory Settings on page 182.
•Make sure that Java, JavaScript, or ActiveX is enabled in your browser. If you are using Internet Explorer, click
the Refresh button to be sure that the Java applet is loaded.
•Try quitting the browser and launching it again.
•Make sure that you are using the correct login information.The user name is admin, and the default password
is password. Make sure that Caps Lock is off when you enter this information.
Cannot Access the Internet
If you can access your router but not the Internet, check to see if the router can obtain an IP address from your
Internet service provider (ISP). Unless your ISP provides a fixed IP address, your router requests an IP address
from the ISP.You can determine whether the request was successful using the ADVANCED Home screen.
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							To check the WAN IP address:
1.Launch a web browser from a computer or wireless device that is connected to the network.
2.Select an external site such as www.netgear.com.
3.Enter http://www.routerlogin.net.
A login window opens.
4.Enter the router user name and password.
The user name is admin.The default password is password.The user name and password are case-sensitive.
The BASIC Home page displays.
5.Click the ADVANCED tab.
The ADVANCED Home page displays.
6.Check that an IP address is shown for the Internet port. If 0.0.0.0 is shown, your router did not obtain an IP
address from your ISP.
If your router cannot obtain an IP address from the ISP, you might need to force your cable or DSL modem to recognize
your new router by restarting your network. For more information, see Sequence to Restart Your Network on page 173.
If your router is still unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP, the problem might be one of the following:
•Your Internet service provider (ISP) might require a login program. Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over
Ethernet (PPPoE) or some other type of login.
•If your ISP requires a login, the login name and password might be set incorrectly.
•Your ISP might check for your computer’s host name. Assign the computer host name of your ISP account as the
account name on the Internet Setup page.
•If your ISP allows only one Ethernet MAC address to connect to Internet and checks for your computer’s MAC
address, do one of the following:
•Inform your ISP that you bought a new network device and ask them to use the router’s MAC address.
•Configure your router to clone your computer’s MAC address.
If your router obtained an IP address, but your computer is does not load any web pages from the Internet, it might be
for one or more of the following reasons:
•Your computer might not recognize any DNS server addresses.
A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names (such as www addresses) to numeric IP
addresses.Typically, your ISP provides the addresses of one or two DNS servers for your use. If you entered a
DNS address during the router’s configuration, reboot your computer, and verify the DNS address.You can configure
your computer manually with DNS addresses, as explained in your operating system documentation.
•The router might not be configured as the TCP/IP gateway on your computer.
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							If your computer obtains its information from the router by DHCP, reboot the computer and verify the gateway
address.
•You might be running login software that is no longer needed.
If your ISP provided a program to log you in to the Internet (such as WinPoET), you no longer need to run that
software after installing your router.You might need to go to Internet Explorer and select Tools > Internet Options,
click the Connections tab, and select Never dial a connection. Other browsers provide similar options.
Troubleshoot Internet Browsing
If your router can obtain an IP address but your computer is unable to load any web pages from the Internet, it might
be for one of the following reasons:
•The traffic meter is enabled, and the limit was reached.
By configuring the traffic meter not to block Internet access when the traffic limit is reached, you can resume
Internet access. If your ISP sets a usage limit, they might charge you for the overage.
•Your computer might not recognize any DNS server addresses. A DNS server is a host on the Internet that
translates Internet names (such as www addresses) to numeric IP addresses.
Typically, your ISP provides the addresses of one or two DNS servers for your use. If you entered a DNS address
during the router’s configuration, restart your computer.
Alternatively, you can configure your computer manually with a DNS address, as explained in the documentation
for your computer.
•The router might not be configured as the default gateway on your computer.
Reboot the computer and verify that the router address (www.routerlogin.net) is listed by your computer as the
default gateway address.
•You might be running login software that is no longer needed. If your ISP provided a program to log you in to
the Internet (such as WinPoET), you no longer need to run that software after installing your router.You might
need to go to Internet Explorer and select Tools > Internet Options, click the Connections tab, and select the
Never dial a connection. Other browsers provide similar options.
Troubleshoot PPPoE
If you are using PPPoE, try troubleshooting your Internet connection.
To troubleshoot a PPPoE connection:
1.Launch a web browser from a computer or WiFi device that is connected to the network.
2.Enter http://www.routerlogin.net.
A login window opens.
3.Enter the router user name and password.
The user name is admin.The default password is password.The user name and password are case-sensitive.
The BASIC Home page displays.
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							4.Click the ADVANCED tab.
The ADVANCED Home page displays.
5.In the Internet Port pane, click the Connection Status button.
The Connection Status window opens.
6.Check the Connection Status window to see if your PPPoE connection is up and working.
If the router is not connected, click the Connect button.
The router continues to attempt to connect indefinitely.
7.If you cannot connect after several minutes, the router might be set up with an incorrect service name, user
name, or password, or your ISP might be experiencing a provisioning problem.
Unless you connect manually, the router does not authenticate using PPPoE until data is transmitted to the network.
Changes Not Saved
If the router does not save the changes that you make in the router interface, do the following:
•When entering configuration settings, always click the Apply button before moving to another page or tab, or
your changes are lost.
•Click the Refresh or Reload button in the web browser. It is possible that the changes occurred, but the old
settings might be in the web browser’s cache.
WiFi Connectivity
If you are experiencing trouble connecting to a routerWiFi network, try to isolate the problem:
•Does the computer or WiFi-capable device that you are using find your WiFi network?
If not, check the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz-1, or 5 GHz-2 LED on the top of the router. If these LEDs are off, you can press
the WIFI button on the front of the router to turn the routerWiFi radios back on.
If you disabled the router’s SSID broadcast, then your WiFi network is hidden and does not display in the list of
networks that your computer or WiFi device finds. (By default, SSID broadcast is enabled.)
•Does your WiFi-capable device support the security that you are using for your WiFi network (WPA or WPA2)?
•If you want to view the WiFi settings for the router, use an Ethernet cable to connect a computer to a LAN port
on the router.Then log in to the router, and select BASIC > Wireless.
Be sure to click the Apply button if you change settings.Note
•If you are trying to connect to the 5 GHz 1 or 5 GHz 2 band, does your computer or WiFi-capable device support
this standard?
•Did your computer or WiFi device automatically connect to a different WiFi network in your area, such as a WiFi
hotspot?
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							Troubleshoot Your Network Using the Ping Utility
Most network devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device.
The device then responds with an echo reply.You can easily troubleshoot a network using the ping utility in your
computer or workstation.
Test the LAN Path to Your Router
You can ping the router from your computer to verify that the LAN path to your router is set up correctly.
To ping the router from a Windows computer:
1.From the Windows toolbar, click the Start button and select Run.
2.In the field provided, type ping followed by the IP address of the router, as in this example:
ping www.routerlogin.net
3.Click the OK button.
You see a message like this one:
Pingingwith32bytesofdata
If the path is working, you see this message:
Replyfrom:bytes=32time=NNmsTTL=xxx
If the path is not working, you see this message:
Requesttimedout
If the path is not functioning correctly, one of the following problems might be occuring:
•Wrong physical connections
For a wired connection, make sure that the numbered LAN port LED is lit for the port to which you are connected.
Check that the appropriate LEDs are on for your network devices. If your router and computer are connected
to a separate Ethernet switch, make sure that the link LEDs are lit for the switch ports that are connected to
your computer and router.
•Wrong network configuration
Verify that the Ethernet card driver software and TCP/IP software are both installed and configured on your
computer.
Verify that the IP address for your router and your computer are correct and that the addresses are on the same
subnet.
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							Test the Path From Your Computer to a Remote Device
To test the path from your computer to a remote device.
1.From the Windows toolbar, click the Start button and select Run.
2.In the Windows Run window, type
ping -n 10
where  is the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP DNS server.
If the path is functioning correctly, messages display that are similar to those shown in Test the LAN Path to
Your Router on page 179.
3.If you do not receive replies, check the following:
•Check that IP address of your router is listed as the default gateway for your computer. If DHCP assigns
the IP configuration of your computers, this information is not visible in your computer Network Control
Panel.Verify that the IP address of the router is listed as the default gateway.
•Check to see that the network address of your computer (the portion of the IP address specified by the
subnet mask) is different from the network address of the remote device.
•Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning.
•If your ISP assigned a host name to your computer, enter that host name as the account name on the
Internet Setup page.
•Your ISP might be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your computers.
Many broadband ISPs restrict access by allowing traffic only from the MAC address of your broadband modem.
Some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of a single computer connected to that modem. If
your ISP does this, configure your router to “clone” or “spoof” the MAC address from the authorized computer.
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