Apple Iphone IOS 8.4 User Guide
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Appendix A Accessibility 151 Use iTunes on your computer to configure accessibility on iPhone. You can choose some accessibility options in iTunes on your computer. Connect iPhone to your computer, then select iPhone in the iTunes device list. Click Summary, then click Configure Accessibility at the bottom of the Summary screen. For more information about iPhone accessibility features, see www.apple.com/accessibility/. Accessibility Shortcut Use the Accessibility Shortcut. Press the Home button quickly three times to turn any of these features on or off: •VoiceOver •Invert Colors •Grayscale •Zoom •Switch Control •AssistiveTouch •Guided Access ( The shortcut starts Guided Access if it’s already turned on. See Guided Access on page 16 8.) •Hearing Aid Control (if you have paired Made for iPhone hearing aids) Choose the features you want to control. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > Accessibility Shortcut, then select the accessibility features you use. Not so fast. To slow down the triple-click speed, go to Settings > General > Accessibility > Home-click Speed. ( This also slows down double-clicks.) VoiceOver VoiceOver describes aloud what appears onscreen, so you can use iPhone without seeing it. VoiceOver tells you about each item on the screen as you select it. The VoiceOver cursor (a rectangle) encloses the item and VoiceOver speaks its name or describes it. Touch the screen or drag your finger over it to hear the items on the screen. When you select text, VoiceOver reads the text. If you turn on Speak Hints, VoiceOver may tell you the name of the item and provide instructions—for example, “double-tap to open.” To interact with items, such as buttons and links, use the gestures described in Learn VoiceOver gestures on page 15 4 . When you go to a new screen, VoiceOver plays a sound, then selects and speaks the first item on the screen (typically in the upper-left corner). VoiceOver also lets you know when the display changes to landscape or portrait orientation, and when the screen becomes dimmed or locked. Note: VoiceOver speaks in the language specified in Settings > General > Language & Region. VoiceOver is available in many languages, but not all. VoiceOver basics Important: VoiceOver changes the gestures you use to control iPhone. When VoiceOver is on, you must use VoiceOver gestures to operate iPhone—even to turn VoiceOver off. Turn VoiceOver on or off. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, or use the Accessibility Shortcut. See Accessibility Shortcut above.
Appendix A Accessibility 15 2 Use Siri. Say: •“Turn VoiceOver on” •“Turn VoiceOver off” Explore. Drag your finger over the screen. VoiceOver speaks each item you touch. Lift your finger to leave an item selected. •Select an item: Tap it, or lift your finger while dragging over it. •Select the next or previous item: Swipe right or left with one finger. Item order is left-to-right, top-to-bottom. •Select the item above or below: Set the rotor to Vertical Navigation, then swipe up or down with one finger. If you don’t find Vertical Navigation in the rotor, you can add it; see Use the VoiceOver rotor on page 15 5 . •Select the first or last item on the screen: Tap with four fingers at the top or bottom of the screen. •Select an item by name: Triple-tap with two fingers anywhere on the screen to open the Item Chooser. Then type a name in the search field, or swipe right or left to move through the list alphabetically, or tap the table index to the right of the list and swipe up or down to move quickly through the list of items. You can also use handwriting to select an item by writing its name; see Write with your finger on page 15 7. To dismiss the Item Chooser without making a selection, do a two-finger scrub (move two fingers back and forth three times quickly, making a “z”). •Change an item’s name so it’s easier to find: Select the item, then double-tap and hold with two fingers anywhere on the screen. •Speak the text of the selected item: Set the rotor to characters or words, then swipe down or up with one finger. •Turn spoken hints on or off: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speak Hints. •Use phonetic spelling: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Phonetic Feedback. •Speak the entire screen, from the top: Swipe up with two fingers. •Speak from the current item to the bottom of the screen: Swipe down with two fingers. •Pause speaking: Tap once with two fingers. Tap again with two fingers to resume, or select another item. •Mute VoiceOver: Double-tap with three fingers; repeat to unmute. If you’re using an external keyboard, press the Control key. •Silence sound effects: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, then turn off Use Sound Effects. Use a larger VoiceOver cursor. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, then turn on Large Cursor. Adjust the speaking voice. You can adjust the VoiceOver speaking voice: •Change the volume: Use the volume buttons on iPhone. You can also add volume to the rotor, then swipe up and down to adjust; see Use the VoiceOver rotor on page 15 5 . •Change the speech rate: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, then drag the Speaking Rate slider. You can also set the rotor to Speech Rate, then swipe up or down to adjust. •Use pitch change: VoiceOver uses a higher pitch when speaking the first item of a group (such as a list or table) and a lower pitch when speaking the last item of a group. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Pitch Change.
Appendix A Accessibility 15 3 •Speak punctuation: Set the rotor to Punctuation, then swipe up or down to select how much you want to hear. •Control audio ducking: To choose whether audio that’s playing is turned down while VoiceOver speaks, set the rotor to Audio Ducking, then swipe up or down. •Change the language for iPhone: Go to Settings > General > Language & Region. VoiceOver pronunciation of some languages is affected by the Region Format you choose there. •Change pronunciation: Set the rotor to Language, then swipe up or down. Language is available in the rotor only if you select more than one pronunciation in Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speech > Rotor Languages. •Choose which dialects are available in the rotor: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speech > Rotor Languages. To adjust voice quality or speaking rate, tap next to the language. To remove languages from the rotor or change their order, tap Edit, tap the delete button or drag up or down, then tap Done. •Set the default dialect for the current iPhone language: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speech. •Download an enhanced quality reading voice: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speech, tap a language, then tap Enhanced Quality. If you’re using English, you can choose to download Alex (869 MB), the same high-quality U.S. English voice used for VoiceOver on Mac computers. Use iPhone with VoiceOver Unlock iPhone. Press either the Home button or the Sleep/Wake button, swipe to select the Unlock button, then double-tap the screen. Enter your passcode silently. To avoid having your passcode spoken as you enter it, use handwriting; see Write with your finger on page 15 7. Open an app, toggle a switch, or tap an item. Select the item, then double-tap the screen. Double-tap the selected item. Triple-tap the screen. Adjust a slider. Select the slider, then swipe up or down with one finger. Use a standard gesture. Double-tap and hold your finger on the screen until you hear three rising tones, then make the gesture. When you lift your finger, VoiceOver gestures resume. For example, to drag a volume slider with your finger instead of swiping up and down, select the slider, double-tap and hold, wait for the three tones, then slide left or right. Scroll a list or area of the screen. Swipe up or down with three fingers. •Scroll continuously through a list: Double-tap and hold until you hear three rising tones, then drag up or down. •Use the list index: Some lists have an alphabetical table index along the right side. Select the index, then swipe up or down to move through the index. You can also double-tap, hold, then slide your finger up or down. •Reorder a list: You can change the order of items in some lists, such as the Rotor items in Accessibility settings. Select to the right of an item, double-tap and hold until you hear three rising tones, then drag up or down. Open Notification Center. Select any item in the status bar, then swipe down with three fingers. To dismiss Notification Center, do a two-finger scrub (move two fingers back and forth three times quickly, making a “z”).
Appendix A Accessibility 15 4 Open Control Center. Select any item in the status bar, then swipe up with three fingers. To dismiss Control Center, do a two-finger scrub. Switch apps. Double-click the Home button to see open apps, swipe left or right with one finger to select an app, then double-tap to switch to it. Or, set the rotor to Actions while viewing open apps, then swipe up or down. Rearrange your Home screen. Select an icon on the Home screen, double-tap and hold, then drag. Lift your finger when the icon is in its new location. Drag an icon to the edge of the screen to move it to another Home screen. You can continue to select and move items until you press the Home button. Speak iPhone status information. Tap the status bar at the top of the screen, then swipe left or right to hear information about the time, battery state, Wi-Fi signal strength, and more. Speak notifications. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, then turn on Always Speak Notifications. Notifications, including the text of incoming text messages, are spoken as they occur, even if iPhone is locked. Unacknowledged notifications are repeated when you unlock iPhone. Turn the screen curtain on or off. Triple-tap with three fingers. When the screen curtain is on, the screen contents are active even though the display is turned off. Learn VoiceOver gestures When VoiceOver is on, standard touchscreen gestures have different effects, and additional gestures let you move around the screen and control individual items. VoiceOver gestures include two-, three-, and four-finger taps and swipes. For best results using multi-finger gestures, relax and let your fingers touch the screen with some space between them. You can use different techniques to perform VoiceOver gestures. For example, you can perform a two-finger tap using two fingers on one hand, or one finger on each hand. You can even use your thumbs. Some people use a split-tap gesture: instead of selecting an item and double- tapping, touch and hold an item with one finger, then tap the screen with another finger. Try different techniques to discover which works best for you. If a gesture doesn’t work, try a quicker movement, especially for a double-tap or swipe gesture. To swipe, try brushing the screen quickly with your finger or fingers. In VoiceOver settings, you can enter a special area where you can practice VoiceOver gestures without affecting iPhone or its settings. Practice VoiceOver gestures. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, then tap VoiceOver Practice. When you finish practicing, tap Done. If you don’t see the VoiceOver Practice button, make sure VoiceOver is turned on. Here are some key VoiceOver gestures: Navigate and read •Tap: Select and speak the item. •Swipe right or left: Select the next or previous item. •Swipe up or down: Depends on the rotor setting. See Use the VoiceOver rotor on page 15 5 . •Two-finger swipe up: Read all from the top of the screen. •Two-finger swipe down: Read all from the current position. •Two-finger tap: Stop or resume speaking.
Appendix A Accessibility 15 5 •Two-finger scrub: Move two fingers back and forth three times quickly (making a “z”) to dismiss an alert or go back to the previous screen. •Three-finger swipe up or down: Scroll one page at a time. •Three-finger swipe right or left: Go to the next or previous page (on the Home screen, for example). •Three-finger tap: Speak additional information, such as position within a list or whether text is selected. •Four-finger tap at top of screen: Select the first item on the page. •Four-finger tap at bottom of screen: Select the last item on the page. Activate •Double-tap: Activate the selected item. •Triple-tap: Double-tap an item. •Split-tap: As an alternative to selecting an item and double-tapping to activate it, touch an item with one finger, then tap the screen with another. •Double-tap and hold (1 second) + standard gesture: Use a standard gesture. The double-tap and hold gesture tells iPhone to interpret the next gesture as standard. For example, you can double-tap and hold, and then without lifting your finger, drag your finger to slide a switch. •Two-finger double-tap: Answer or end a call. Play or pause in Music, Videos, Voice Memos, or Photos. Take a photo in Camera. Start or pause recording in Camera or Voice Memos. Start or stop the stopwatch. •Two-finger double-tap and hold: Change an item’s label to make it easier to find. •Two-finger triple-tap: Open the Item Chooser. •Three-finger double-tap: Mute or unmute VoiceOver. •Three-finger triple-tap: Turn the screen curtain on or off. Use the VoiceOver rotor Use the rotor to choose what happens when you swipe up or down with VoiceOver turned on, or to select special input methods such as Braille Screen Input or Handwriting. Operate the rotor. Rotate two fingers on the screen around a point between them. Choose your rotor options. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Rotor, then select the options you want to include in the rotor. The available rotor options and their effects depend on what you’re doing. For example, if you’re reading an email, you can use the rotor to switch between hearing text spoken word-by-word or character-by-character when you swipe up or down. If you’re browsing a webpage, you can set the rotor to speak all the text (either word-by-word or character-by-character), or to jump from one item to another of a certain type, such as headers or links. When you use an Apple Wireless Keyboard to control VoiceOver, the rotor lets you adjust settings such as volume, speech rate, use of pitch or phonetics, typing echo, and reading of punctuation. See Use VoiceOver with an Apple Wireless Keyboard on page 15 8 .
Appendix A Accessibility 15 6 Use the onscreen keyboard When you activate an editable text field, the onscreen keyboard appears (unless you have an Apple Wireless Keyboard attached). Activate a text field. Select the text field, then double-tap. The insertion point and the onscreen keyboard appear. Enter text. Type characters using the onscreen keyboard: •Standard typing: Select a key on the keyboard by swiping left or right, then double-tap to enter the character. Or move your finger around the keyboard to select a key and, while continuing to touch the key with one finger, tap the screen with another finger. VoiceOver speaks the key when it’s selected, and again when the character is entered. •Touch typing: Touch a key on the keyboard to select it, then lift your finger to enter the character. If you touch the wrong key, slide your finger to the key you want. VoiceOver speaks the character for each key as you touch it, but doesn’t enter a character until you lift your finger. •Direct Touch typing: VoiceOver is disabled for the keyboard only, so you can type just as you do when VoiceOver is off. •Choose typing style: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Typing Style. Or, set the rotor to Typing Mode, then swipe up or down. Move the insertion point. Swipe up or down to move the insertion point forward or backward in the text. Use the rotor to choose whether you want to move the insertion point by character, by word, or by line. To jump to the beginning or end, double-tap the text. VoiceOver makes a sound when the insertion point moves, and speaks the character, word, or line that the insertion point moves across. When moving forward by words, the insertion point is placed at the end of each word, before the space or punctuation that follows. When moving backward, the insertion point is placed at the end of the preceding word, before the space or punctuation that follows it. Move the insertion point past the punctuation at the end of a word or sentence. Use the rotor to switch back to character mode. When moving the insertion point by line, VoiceOver speaks each line as you move across it. When moving forward, the insertion point is placed at the beginning of the next line (except when you reach the last line of a paragraph, when the insertion point is moved to the end of the line just spoken). When moving backward, the insertion point is placed at the beginning of the line that’s spoken. Change typing feedback. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Typing Feedback. Use phonetics in typing feedback. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Phonetic Feedback. Text is read character by character. VoiceOver first speaks the character, then its phonetic equivalent—for example, “f ” and then “foxtrot.” Delete a character. Use with any of the VoiceOver typing styles. VoiceOver speaks each character as it’s deleted. If Use Pitch Change is turned on, VoiceOver speaks deleted characters in a lower pitch. Select text. Set the rotor to Edit, swipe up or down to choose Select or Select All, then double- tap. If you choose Select, the word closest to the insertion point is selected when you double- tap. To increase or decrease the selection, do a two-finger scrub to dismiss the pop-up menu, then pinch.
Appendix A Accessibility 15 7 Cut, copy, or paste. Set the rotor to Edit, select the text, swipe up or down to choose Cut, Copy, or Paste, then double-tap. Undo. Shake iPhone, swipe left or right to choose the action to undo, then double-tap. Enter an accented character. In standard typing style, select the plain character, then double-tap and hold until you hear a sound indicating alternate characters have appeared. Drag left or right to select and hear the choices. Release your finger to enter the current selection. In touch typing style, touch and hold a character until the alternate characters appear. Change the keyboard language. Set the rotor to Language, then swipe up or down. Choose “default language” to use the language specified in Language & Region settings. The Language rotor item appears only if you select more than one language in Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speech. Write with your finger Handwriting mode lets you enter text by writing characters on the screen with your finger. In addition to normal text entry, use handwriting mode to enter your iPhone passcode silently or open apps from the Home screen. Enter handwriting mode. Use the rotor to select Handwriting. If Handwriting isn’t in the rotor, go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Rotor, then add it. Choose a character type. Swipe up or down with three fingers to choose lowercase, numbers, uppercase, or punctuation. Hear the currently selected character type. Tap with three fingers. Enter a character. Trace the character on the screen with your finger. Enter a space. Swipe right with two fingers. Go to a new line. Swipe right with three fingers. Delete the character before the insertion point. Swipe left with two fingers. Select an item on the Home screen. Start writing the name of the item. If there are multiple matches, continue to spell the name until it’s unique, or swipe up or down with two fingers to choose from the current matches. Enter your passcode silently. Set the rotor to Handwriting on the passcode screen, then write the characters of your passcode. Use a table index to skip through a long list. Select the table index to the right of the table (for example, next to your Contacts list or in the VoiceOver Item Chooser), then write the letter. Set the rotor to a web browsing element type. Write the first letter of a page element type. For example, write “l” to have up or down swipes skip to links, or “h” to skip to headings. Exit handwriting mode. Do a two-finger scrub, or turn the rotor to a different selection. Type onscreen braille With Braille Screen Input enabled, you can use your fingers to enter 6-dot or contracted braille codes directly on the iPhone screen. Tap codes with iPhone laying flat in front of you (tabletop mode), or hold iPhone with the screen facing away so your fingers curl back to tap the screen (screen away mode). Turn on Braille Screen Input. Use the rotor to select Braille Screen Input. If you don’t find it in the rotor, go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Rotor, then add it.
Appendix A Accessibility 15 8 Enter braille codes. Place iPhone flat in front of you or hold it with the screen facing away, then tap the screen with one or several fingers at the same time. Adjust entry dot positions. To move the entry dots to match your natural finger positions, tap and lift your right three fingers all at once to position dots 4, 5, and 6, followed immediately by your left three fingers for dots 1, 2, and 3. Switch between 6-dot and contracted braille. Swipe to the right with three fingers. To set the default, go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille > Braille Screen Input. Enter a space. Swipe right with one finger. (In screen away mode, swipe to your right.) Delete the previous character. Swipe left with one finger. Move to a new line (typing). Swipe right with two fingers. Cycle through spelling suggestions. Swipe up or down with one finger. Select an item on the Home screen. Start entering the name of the item. If there are multiple matches, continue to spell the name until it is unique, or swipe up or down with one finger to select a partial match. Open the selected app. Swipe right with two fingers. Turn braille contractions on or off. Swipe to the right with three fingers. Translate immediately (when contractions are enabled). Swipe down with two fingers. Stop entering braille. Do a two-finger scrub, or set the rotor to another setting. Use VoiceOver with an Apple Wireless Keyboard You can control VoiceOver using an Apple Wireless Keyboard paired with iPhone. See Use an Apple Wireless Keyboard on page 32. Use VoiceOver keyboard commands to navigate the screen, select items, read screen contents, adjust the rotor, and perform other VoiceOver actions. Most commands use the Control-Option key combination, abbreviated in the list that follows as “VO.” You can use VoiceOver Help to learn the keyboard layout and the actions associated with various key combinations. VoiceOver Help speaks keys and keyboard commands as you type them, without performing the associated action. VoiceOver keyboard commands VO = Control-Option •Turn on VoiceOver Help: VO–K •Turn off VoiceOver Help: Escape •Select the next or previous item: VO–Right Arrow or VO–Left Arrow •Double-tap to activate the selected item: VO–Space bar •Press the Home button: VO–H •Touch and hold the selected item: VO–Shift–M •Move to the status bar: VO–M •Read from the current position: VO–A •Read from the top: VO–B •Pause or resume reading: Control •Copy the last spoken text to the clipboard: VO–Shift–C •Search for text: VO–F
Appendix A Accessibility 15 9 •Mute or unmute VoiceOver: VO–S •Open Notification Center: Fn–VO–Up Arrow •Open Control Center: Fn–VO–Down Arrow •Open the Item Chooser: VO–I •Change the label of the selected item: VO–/ •Double-tap with two fingers: VO–”-” •Adjust the rotor: Use Quick Nav (see below) •Swipe up or down: VO–Up Arrow or VO–Down Arrow •Adjust the speech rotor: VO–Command–Left Arrow or VO–Command–Right Arrow •Adjust the setting specified by the speech rotor: VO–Command–Up Arrow or VO–Command– Down Arrow •Turn the screen curtain on or off: VO–Shift–S •Return to the previous screen: Escape •Switch apps: Command–Tab or Command–Shift–Tab Quick Nav Turn on Quick Nav to control VoiceOver using the arrow keys. •Turn Quick Nav on or off: Left Arrow–Right Arrow •Select the next or previous item: Right Arrow or Left Arrow •Select the next or previous item specified by the rotor: Up Arrow or Down Arrow •Select the first or last item: Control–Up Arrow or Control–Down Arrow •Tap an item: Up Arrow–Down Arrow •Scroll up, down, left, or right: Option–Up Arrow, Option–Down Arrow, Option–Left Arrow, or Option–Right Arrow •Adjust the rotor: Up Arrow–Left Arrow or Up Arrow–Right Arrow You can also use the number keys on an Apple Wireless Keyboard to dial a phone number in Phone or enter numbers in Calculator. Single-key Quick Nav for web browsing When you view a webpage with Quick Nav on, you can use the following keys on the keyboard to navigate the page quickly. Typing the key moves to the next item of the indicated type. To move to the previous item, hold the Shift key as you type the letter. •Turn on Single-key Quick Nav: VO-Q •Heading: H •Link: L •Text field: R •Button: B •Form control: C •Image: I •Table: T •Static text: S •ARIA landmark: W •List: X •Item of the same type: M
Appendix A Accessibility 16 0 •Level 1 heading: 1 •Level 2 heading: 2 •Level 3 heading: 3 •Level 4 heading: 4 •Level 5 heading: 5 •Level 6 heading: 6 Text editing Use these commands (with Quick Nav turned off ) to work with text. VoiceOver reads the text as you move the insertion point. •Go forward or back one character: Right Arrow or Left Arrow •Go forward or back one word: Option–Right Arrow or Option–Left Arrow •Go up or down one line: Up Arrow or Down Arrow •Go to the beginning or end of the line: Command–Left Arrow or Command–Down Arrow •Go to the beginning or end of the paragraph: Option–Up Arrow or Option–Down Arrow •Go to the previous or next paragraph: Option–Up Arrow or Option–Down Arrow •Go to the top or bottom of the text field: Command–Up Arrow or Command–Down Arrow •Select text as you move: Shift + any of the insertion point movement commands above •Select all text: Command–A •Copy, cut, or paste the selected text: Command–C, Command–X, or Command–V •Undo or redo last change: Command–Z or Shift–Command–Z Support for braille displays You can use a Bluetooth braille display to read VoiceOver output, and you can use a braille display with input keys and other controls to control iPhone when VoiceOver is turned on. For a list of supported braille displays, see www.apple.com/accessibility/ios/braille-display.html. Connect a braille display. Turn on the display, then go to Settings > Bluetooth and turn on Bluetooth. Then, go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille and choose the display. Adjust Braille settings. Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille, where you can: •Choose contracted, uncontracted 8-dot, or uncontracted 6-dot braille input or output •Turn on the status cell and choose its location •Turn on Nemeth code for equations •Display the onscreen keyboard •Choose to have the page turned automatically when panning •Change the braille translation from Unified English For information about common braille commands for VoiceOver navigation, and for information specific to certain displays, see support.apple.com/kb/HT4400. Set the language for VoiceOver. Go to Settings > General > Language & Region. If you change the language for iPhone, you may need to reset the language for VoiceOver and your braille display.