Antares AutoTune 8 user manual
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15 3: Auto-Tune 8 Controls Continuous Controls Auto-Tune 8’s continuous controls are represented graphically as virtual knobs. Depending on your preference, you can control knobs by vertical, horizontal or radial mouse movement. Set your preference in the Options dialog described below. Double-clicking on a knob will return it to its default value. In some host applications, Command (Mac)/Control (PC) clicking on a knob will also reset it to default). Common Controls The following controls and displays are visible regardless of which operating mode is selected. Their settings a(ect both Automatic and Graphical Modes. Input Type As a result of Antares research into the unique characteristics of various types of audio signals, Auto-Tune 8 o(ers a selection of optimized processing algorithms for the most commonly pitch-corrected inputs. Choices include Soprano Voice, Alto/Tenor Voice, Low Male Voice, Instrument, and Bass Instrument. Matching the appropriate algorithm to the input results in even faster and more accurate pitch detection and correction. To select the desired Input Type, click on the Input Type pop-up and then select the desired type from the pop-up list. This chapter is a reference for all of the controls used in the Auto-Tune 8 interface. How these controls are used together for pitch correction and time shifting is demonstrated in Chapter 4, Auto-Tune 8 Tutorial. NOTE: Choosing the wrong Input Type (or just forgetting to set it at all) can result in compromised performance. Pay attention. ANOTHER NOTE: When any Input Type other than Bass Instrument is selected, Auto-Tune 8 is reliably able to detect pitches down to A1 (55Hz). Selecting Bass Instrument lowers the lowest detectable frequency by about one octave to 25Hz. Since the lowest E string on a bass guitar is approximately 41Hz, Bass Instrument (as its name so ably implies) allows you to apply pitch correction to those pesky fretless bass lines as well as other low bass range instruments. However, when Bass Instrument is selected, pitches above A4 may be incorrectly tuned, so be sure to select Bass Instrument only when correcting bass range tracks. Tr a c k i n g In order to accurately identify the pitch of the input, Auto-Tune 8 requires a periodically repeating waveform, characteristic of a voice or solo instrument. The Tracking control determines how much variation is allowed in the incoming waveform for Auto-Tune 8 to still consider it periodic. If you are working with a well-isolated solo signal (e.g., tracking in a studio or o( of a multitrack master) you can typically set the Tr a c k i n g c o n t r o l t o 5 0 a n d f o r g e t i t .
16 If, on the other hand, your signal is noisy or not well-isolated (as might be more common in a live performance situation) or you are dealing with a particularly breathy or guttural voice, it may be necessary to allow more signal variation (higher Tracking numbers). However, under these circumstances tracking is not guaranteed and a too “relaxed” setting may introduce distortion and popping. NOTE: The improved pitch detection technology in Auto-Tune 8 (in combination with the Input Type selection described above) results in noticeably more reliable pitch detection compared to Auto-Tune 5 and earlier. If you have used older versions of Auto-Tune, you may find that situations that previously required constant modifications of the Tracking control now track perfectly at the default setting. Select Pitch Reference Auto-Tune 8 provides the ability to pitch correct stereo tracks while maintaining the tracks’ phase coherence. (Refer to your host application’s manual for instructions on assigning a plug-in to a stereo track.) Click the appropriate button to select which of the two stereo tracks (left or right) Auto-Tune 8 will use as a pitch reference. NOTE: If there is a marked di!erence in the two tracks, pick the cleanest, most isolated track. For example, if one track is a close mic’d vocal while the other is mic’d from farther away for ambience, or is heavily processed, select the close mic’d track. ANOTHER NOTE: Auto-Tune 8 will only pitch correct true stereo tracks. If the second track (i.e., the track not selected as a pitch reference) is simply an independent unrelated track, unpredictable (and potentially unpleasant) sounds may result. On the other hand, something interesting might happen. You never know. When Auto-Tune 8 is instantiated on a mono track, this control is inactive (grayed out). Low Latency Normally, Auto-Tune makes use of a processing delay to provide the best processing quality when executing transposition (as opposed to just pitch correction). When you do your pitch and time correction during mixdown, your DAW’s delay compensation will account for this processing delay. However, if you want to use Auto-Tune 8 during the tracking process or to process a live performance, that delay would prove distracting. In that case, click the Low Latency button to reduce the processing delay to a virtually undectable level. Key Selection This control lets you select the key of the track you plan to process. To select the desired key, click on the Key pop-up and then select the desired note from the pop-up list. This determines the pitch of the first note of the scale according to the standard A4 = 440 Hertz. Scale Selection This control is used in combination with the Key selection above to define the scale of the track you plan to process. To select a scale, click on the Scale popup and then select the desired scale from the pop-up list. NOTE: To avoid having to deal with scales containing those annoying double flats, double sharps and notes like Cb, E#, Fb and B#, Auto-Tune 8 will automatically choose the simpler of two enharmonically equivalent scales. For example, if you select Db Major, the Edit Scale Display will duly display the Db Major scale. However, if you then go to the Scale selection pop-up and select Minor, the Key will automatically be changed to C# and the Edit Scale Display will, in fact, display the much friendlier C# Minor scale. This will be reflected on both the Auto Mode Scale Edit display and the Pitch Graph Display in the Graphical Mode.
17 Auto-Tune 8 comes with 29 preprogrammed scales. The first three equal-tempered scales, chromatic, major, and minor, are the ubiquitous scales typically found in Western tonal music. The other scales are historical, ethnic, and micro-tonal scales. An in-depth discussion of these scales and their history is beyond the scope of this manual. The interested reader will find more information in Tuning In — Micro-tonality In Electronic Music by Scott R. Wilkinson, published by Hal Leonard Books. A brief description of each scale can be found in Chapter 8, The Auto-Tune 8 Scales Scale Detune The Detune parameter allows you to change the pitch standard of Auto-Tune 8 from the default A = 440Hz. The value is set in cents (100 cents = 1 semitone). The range of adjustment is from -100 to +100 cents. For convenience, the detune amount is also displayed in Hertz relative to A440. The Detune function can be used to tune a vocal performance to some irreparably out-of-tune instrument (a piano or organ, for example), or to allow correction to other than the conventional 440Hz standard. It should be noted that this control functions di(erently in Automatic and Graphical modes: AUTOMATIC MODE In Automatic Mode, the Scale Detune control shifts the pitch reference by the set amount. GRAPHICAL MODE In Graphical Mode, the Scale Detune control shifts the position of the horizontal graph pitch reference lines (or lanes, if Show Lanes is selected), such that any correction objects created or adjusted relative to those reference lines will reflect the Scale Detune setting. VERY IMPORTANT NOTE: If you create any pitch correction objects and subsequently adjust the Scale Detune setting, this will NOT change the output pitches of the existing objects. If you will be working in Graphical Mode on a track that requires scale detuning, set the proper detune amount BEFORE beginning pitch correction. A TIP: If you have a tone that you want to use as the pitch standard, select that tone and play it in a loop. Adjust Scale Detune until the Change meter reads zero. (You may be required to use the Edit Scale Display to remove adjacent notes so that Auto-Tune 8 doesn’t tune to the wrong note.) The default Scale Detune setting is 0 cents. Double-clicking or Command (Mac)/Control (PC) clicking the Scale Detune knob will reset it to that value. Tr a n s p o s e In addition to any pitch correction applied by either Automatic or Graphical Mode, the Transpose control lets you shift the overall pitch of your performance over a two octave range (+/- one octave), selectable in precise semitone increments. In Automatic Mode, this transposition is accomplished in real time. In Graphical Mode, this function does not a(ect the Pitch Edit Display. It provides overall transposition on top of any pitch shifting accomplished with the graphical editing tools. As noted above, although you can also accomplish overall transposition in Graphical Mode by selecting all the correction objects in your track and manually moving them up or down, in most cases, using the Transpose function will provide superior results. NOTE: If you are transposing more than a semitone or two and your intent is to preserve the performer’s vocal character, be sure to engage the Formant Correction function described below. Transposing large intervals (especially transposing higher) without formant
18 correction will result in the “munchkinization” e! ect familiar from tape speed changing and early digital sampling. (Of course, if singing chipmunks are what you’re going for, leave Formant Correction o !.) The default Transpose setting is 0 semitones (i.e., no transposition). Double-clicking or Command (Mac)/Control (PC) clicking the Transpose knob will reset it to that value. Throat Length As mentioned above, the shape of a singer’s throat is a prime contributor to their vocal character. Auto- Tune 8 lets you modify the vocal quality of a performance by actually varying the geometry of a physical model of the human vocal tract and processing the original performance through that model. The Throat Length control lets you modify the length of the modeled throat. The range of the control is 50 to 180. Values above 100 represent a lengthening of the throat while values below 100 represent a shortening of the throat. The actual values represent the percentage change in the throat length. For example, a value of 120 represents a 20% increase in throat length, while a value of 70 represents a 30% decrease in throat length. NOTE: This control is only active when Formant Correction is engaged. When Formant Correction is not engaged, this control is disabled (grayed out). In addition to simply changing vocal timbre, increasing throat length is useful when the original performance is female and you want to transpose it down and have it sound more male. Conversely, decreasing throat length is useful when the original input is male and you want to transpose it up and have it sound female or childlike. NOTE: While this control gives you the ability to radically change the throat length, keep in mind that the variation in the length of human vocal tracts is rarely more than about 20% in either direction. If you are looking for a “realistic” vocal characteristic, start with modest settings of this control. More extreme settings can produce dramatic results, but probably not what anyone would call “realistic.” Command (Mac)/Control (PC) click the control to reset it to its default value of 100. IMPORTANT NOTE: This function is specifically for changing the existing quality of a voice, not for manual formant compensation for pitch shifting. Auto-Tune 8 automatically applies appropriate formant correction when it shifts pitch with Formant Correction Enabled. ANOTHER NOTE: This control sets the overall Throat Length for your entire track. Additionally, Throat Length can be adjusted on a note-by-note basis in Graphical Mode using the Throat Length Adjust function described in the Graphical Mode section below. Formant Correction Click the Formant button to toggle Auto-Tune 8’s formant correction function on and o (. The button will turn blue when formant correction is active and will be pale gray when it is inactive. Engaging Auto-Tune 8’s Formant Correction prevents the shifting of a voice’s resonant frequencies to ensure that its vocal characteristics are preserved over the pitch shift range. (For a more complete explanation of formant correction, refer to the Pitch Shifting and Formant Correction section in Chapter 2.)
19 AN IMPORTANT NOTE: Over the very small intervals usually associated with basic pitch correction, formant shifting is essentially inaudible and Auto- Tune’s classic pitch adjustment technology still provides the optimum results. Formant Correction is designed to be used with overall transposition or on tracks where notes are shifted by large intervals. Correction Mode Click the appropriate button to select either Automatic or Graphical Mode. The Options Dialog Clicking the Options button will bring up a window containing a number of settings that fall into the “set and forget” category. Th ey are: BUFFER SIZE This controls the number of seconds of memory bu (er space that are permanently reserved for pitch tracking and pitch correction data in Graphical Mode. (There is a separate bu (er for each plug-in occurrence.) To change the bu (er allocation, click in the data field and enter the required number of seconds. Th e maximum bu (er length is 14,400 seconds (i.e., 4 hours). NOTE: For hosts that provide valid time information, Auto-Tune 8 will display all tracked pitch information at its correct time within the track. If your host supports this capability, setting the bu !er to the length of the entire song and tracking the pitch in one pass will allow you to quickly and easily move to each section of audio to be corrected as necessary. NUMBER OF UNDOS Auto-Tune 8 provides multiple Undo/Redo capability in Graphical Mode. Select the maximum allowable number here (up to 20). Choosing a higher number allocates more memory for saving intermediate states. NOTE: The value selected here applies independently to both pitch correction Undo/Redos and time control Undo/Redos. For example, if you set this value to 15, you will have 15 levels of undo for pitch correction actions and an additional 15 levels for time control actions. KNOB CONTROL Lets you select how you want to control the “knobs” in the Auto-Tune 8 interface. LINEAR: Position the cursor over a knob, press and hold the left mouse button (or the only mouse button, if you’re using a one-button mouse) and move the cursor up or to the right to turn the knob clockwise or down or to the left to turn the knob counterclockwise. The current value of the knob’s parameter appears in its associated numeric display.
20 CIRCUL AR: Click any where around the circumference of the knob, press and hold the left mouse button and “rotate” the knob in the desired direction. The current value of the knob’s parameter appears in its associated numeric display. FOLLOW HOST: Some hosts also allow you to select a knob control method and pass that selection on to plug-ins. If yours does, selecting Follow Host will automatically set Auto-Tune 8’s Knob Control to the method selected in your host. If you select Follow Host, but your host doesn’t supply that information to Auto-Tu n e 8 , k n o b c o n t r o l w i l l d e f a u l t t o L i n e a r. USE CUSTOM CURSORS IN GRAPHICAL MODE Click the check box to use Custom Cursors in Graphical Mode. Normally, Auto-Tune 8 displays di(erent cursor shapes in the Pitch Graph Display to help you select ranges and grab and drag objects (e.g., the object cursor, the anchor point cursor, etc.). However, some host applications mistakenly think that they own the cursor when it is in a plug-in window. This may cause the cursor to flash as the host and Auto-Tune 8 alternately try to set the cursor shape. If this annoys you, unclick this check box. It will stop the flashing, but you will no longer see Auto-Tune 8’s custom cursors. DISPLAY VERTICAL LINE AT CURSOR TIME POSITION Click the check box to cause a vertical line to be displayed at the cursor position in Graphical Mode. This is most useful when you are comparing the various pitch values (tracked pitch, correction object pitch, and output pitch) at one or more time locations in your track. A TIP: Since the line indicator can be somewhat annoying during normal editing tasks, you can, if you prefer, uncheck this box in the Options dialog and then assign Toggle Time Indicator to one of the number keys as described below. That way, you can turn it on only when you need it, without having to call up the Options dialog every time. SHOW OUTPUT PITCH CURVES Click the check box to cause the green output curve to be visible. When not checked, only the red tracked pitch curve and the various correction objects (Line, Curve or Note) will be visible. SHOW ENVELOPE IN MAIN GRAPH Click the check box to cause the amplitude envelope to be visible in the main editing window. This is particularly useful when selecting edit points during time editing. PLAY AUDIO FOR SELECTED NOTE OBJECT When this box is checked, clicking and holding on a Note object will result in a tone sounding at the current pitch of the Note object. Continuing to hold the mouse down and moving the Note object up or down will result in the tone changing to match the position of the Note. Releasing the mouse button will end the tone. NOTE: If you have selected “Snap to Note,” the tone will be limited to exact semitones. SHOW ENVELOPE GRAPH Click the check box to cause the dedicated Envelope Graph to be displayed under the main editing window. If you are working on a laptop with limited screen real estate, unchecking this box to cause the Envelope Graph to disappear will give you more screen space for the main editing window. AUTO-SCROLL MODE Click to select the auto-scrolling method. With screen-by-screen scrolling, the display remains stationary until the play position reaches the right-hand edge of the window, at which time the display jumps to the next screen of data. With smooth scrolling, Auto-Tune 8 will automatically scroll the Pitch Graph Display to ensure that the current play position is always visible in the display.
21 SMOOTH SCROLLING DELAY We have found that some hosts result in smoother smooth scrolling than others. If you have selected Smooth Scrolling and the display does not scroll smoothly (I.e., it jerks or jumps), changing the Smooth Scrolling Delay value can often help. DEFAULT RETUNE SPEEDS Since Auto-Tune 8 allows independent Retune Speeds for each correction object, we’ve provided the ability to set custom default Retune Speeds for each of the three object types: Lines, Curves and Notes. These are the initial Retune Speed values that are assigned to each newly created object. (You may, of course, modify each individual object’s setting as needed.) To choose your own values, just pay attention to what values you most commonly use for the various objects and set those as defaults. Update as necessary. A TIP: Your choice of default values will depend greatly on your particular workflow and your typical use of the various correction objects. If, for example, you usually use Make Curve or Import Auto to tweak pitch while preserving all pitch gestures, usually use Lines for quick correction of individual out-of-tune notes, and usually use Note Objects for precise programming of the Auto-Tune Vocal E!ect, you might set the Curves default to 0, the Lines default to 20 and the Notes default to 0. KEY BINDINGS The Key Bindings section allows you to assign your most commonly used Graphical Mode tools and controls to the 10 number keys that appear above the letter keys on the QWERTY portion of your keyboard. NOTE: Since some hosts reserve the numeric keypad for host keyboard shortcuts even when a plug-in window is active, the Key Bindings apply only to the number keys on the QWERTY portion of your keyboard. The following functions are available for assignment: Graphic ToolsLineCurveNote Arrow ScissorsZoomI-BeamHand ScrollMove PointMove Region Edit FunctionsClear All UndoRedoSelect AllCutCopyPaste Time ControlUndo Time ChangeRedo Time ChangeClear All Time Changes Control TogglesSnap To NoteAuto-ScrollShow LanesTr a c k P i t c hCursor Time IndicatorShow Output CurveShow MIDITr a c k P i t c h + T i m eEnable Time Control Correction ObjectsMake CurvesImport AutoMake NotesMake Notes from MIDI
22 Other ControlsReset Internal CockNudge UpNudge DownZoom In HorizontalZoom Out HorizontalZoom In VerticalZoom Out VerticalAdjust Retune Speed FasterAdjust Retune Speed SlowerAdjust Vibrato Depth MoreAdjust Vibrato Depth LessAdjust Throat Length LongerAdjust Throat Length Shorter WINDOW SIZE Since some hosts and/or plug-in formats do not support real-time plug-in window resizing (i.e., dragging on the corner of the window), the Window Size controls allow you to select among three preset sizes or specify a custom size of your choice. The preset sizes (measured in pixels) are:Normal: 850 wide by 630 highMedium: 1000 wide by 600 highLarge: 1600 wide by 900 high Clicking any of the Preset buttons will enter those dimensions in the Width and Height data entry fields. To enter a custom size, simply click in the desired field and enter the value of your choice. The new size will take a(ect when you click the Save button. NOTE: Some hosts do not support immediate resizing of an open plug-in window. If yours in one of those, after clicking Save, you will have to close the Auto-Tune 8 window and reopen it to have the size change take a!ect. SAVE AS DEFAULT When the “Save as default” box is checked, any changes you make to the various Options settings are saved as defaults for all future instances of Auto-Tune 8. If you want to make a temporary change to an Option setting for a particular track, but want to retain the previous default for future instances, uncheck the “Save as default” box before clicking the Save button. Your modified value will take e(ect in the current instance of Auto-Tune 8, but future instances will revert to the previously saved value. Bypass Auto-Tune 8 does not include a dedicated Bypass control as that function is typically provided by the host application’s plug-in interface. Automatic Mode Controls Pitch Correction Functions Retune Speed Retune Speed controls how rapidly the pitch correction is applied to the incoming sound. The units are milliseconds. A value of zero will cause instantaneous changes from one tone to another and will completely suppress a vibrato (note that any related volume changes will remain). Values from 10 to 50 are typical for vocals (unless you’re going for the Auto-Tu n e Vo c a l E(ect, in which case use 0). Larger values let through more vibrato and other interpretative pitch gestures but also slow down how rapidly pitch corrections are made. Although the above suggestions can be used as starting points, finding the correct Retune Speed setting for a particular performance is largely a matter of trial-and-error and depends on such attributes as song tempo, note duration and vocal style, among others. As always, let your ears be your guide.
23 The default Retune Speed value is 20. Double-clicking or Command (Mac)/Control (PC) clicking the Retune Speed knob will reset it to that value. Correction Style The Correction Style control lets you select either the classic Auto-Tune-style pitch correction or our new Flex-Tune pitch correction technology, which is designed to provide pitch correction while also preserving a singer’s expressive vocal gestures intact. Other real-time pitch correction methods, including previous versions of Auto-Tune, are always pulling every note towards a target scale note, in the process distorting any of the singer’s expressive vocal gestures. In contrast, Flex-Tune only provides correction when the vocalist approaches a scale note. At all other times, they are free to sing with whatever vocal gestures best express their emotional connection to their song. The Correction Style control lets you choose how close to the scale pitch the singer has to be for Auto-Tune 8 to apply correction. In the Classic position, correction is always applied. This results in the same style of correction as previous versions of Auto-Tune. As you move the control into the Flex-Tune range, the correction area around the scale note gets smaller and smaller until, at the extreme clockwise position, no correction will be applied at all. The default Correction Style value is 0. Double-clicking or Command (Mac)/Control (PC) clicking the Correction Style knob will reset it to that value. Humanize One situation that can be problematic in Automatic Mode is a performance that includes both very short notes and longer sustained notes. The problem is that in order to get the short notes in tune, you’d have to set a fast Retune Speed, which would then make any sustained notes sound unnaturally static. Luckily, the Humanize function easily solves this problem. The Humanize function di(erentiates between short and sustained notes and lets you apply a slower Retune Speed just to the sustained notes. Thus, the short notes are in tune and the sustained notes still allow the natural variations of the original performance. Here’s how it works: Start by setting Humanize to 0 and adjusting the Retune Speed until the shortest problem notes in the performance are in tune. At this point, any sustained notes may sound unnaturally static. If so, start advancing the Humanize control. The higher the Humanize setting, the more the Retune Speed is slowed for sustained notes. The goal is to find the point where the sustained notes are also in tune and just enough of the natural variation in the performance is present in the sustained notes to sound natural and realistic. (If you set Humanize too high, any problem sustained notes may not be fully corrected.) This is another of those settings where you have to let your ears be your guide. The optimum Humanize setting for any particular performance will depend on the performance style, the other Automatic Mode settings and the specific e(ect you desire. The default Humanize setting is 0. Double-clicking or Command (Mac)/Control (PC) clicking the Humanize knob will reset it to that value.
24 Natural Vibrato The Natural Vibrato function allows real-time modification (either increase or decrease) of the depth of any vibrato present in the input audio while preserving the original shape and character of the vibrato. This function uses the same Stochastic Optimal Linear Estimation Theory as the Targeting Ignores Vibrato function (described below) to di(erentiate between vibrato and intended pitch changes, adjusting the vibrato depth while leaving intended pitch changes intact. The Natural Vibrato function acts independently of the pitch correction functions. Of particular note is the fact that setting a scale note or notes to Bypass still allows vibrato adjustment for those notes. So, if you want to adjust a performance’s vibrato while making no other pitch changes, you can simply set all scale notes to Bypass and still use the Natural Vibrato function to adjust vibrato depth. NOTE: This function acts only on vibrato present in the original performance. If the original performance does not contain vibrato, this control will have no audible e!ect. ANOTHER NOTE: Natural Vibrato adjustments function independently of the Create Vibrato functions described below. However, since both functions can operate simultaneously, they can interact in ways that may or may not be useful, depending on your intent. In most cases, you should probably use one or the other. The default Natural Vibrato setting is 0. Double-clicking or Command (Mac)/Control (PC) clicking the Natural Vibrato knob will reset it to that value. Ta r g e t i n g I g n o r e s V i b r a t o Target note identification is the process by which Auto-Tune decides which note is the note the performer intended to sing or play, so that it may re-tune any pitch errors closer to that note. Normally, the target note is the nearest active scale note to the current input pitch. The Targeting Ignores Vibrato feature is designed to help with target note identification when the performance includes vibrato so wide that it approaches adjacent scale notes. The most common symptom of this problem is a pronounced “warbling” as the input is alternately tuned to each of the upper and lower adjacent notes. When this function is ”On,“ Auto-Tune 8 uses the impressively named Stochastic Optimal Linear Estimation Theory to attempt to recognize vibrato and di(erentiate between it and intended note changes. Our testing has shown that it works a lot of the time — but not always (it depends a great deal on the actual performance). When it works, Auto-Tune 8 ignores the wide vibrato as far as target note selection is concerned. When it doesn’t, it works pretty much the same way it would work if the function were ”O(.” The default state of this control is O(. When you’ve got a vibrato problem, try turning it on and see if it helps.